1 # Arabic translation of https://emailselfdefense.fsf.org/
2 # Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 # This file is distributed under the same license as the emailselfdefense articles.
4 # Yassir Karroun <ukarroum17@gmail.com>, 2016.
8 "Project-Id-Version: emailselfdefense 4.0\n"
9 "POT-Creation-Date: 2021-07-30 22:20+0200\n"
10 "PO-Revision-Date: 2016-02-10 10:12+0100\n"
11 "Last-Translator: Yassir Karroun <ukarroum17@gmail.com>\n"
15 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
16 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
18 #. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <html>
22 #. type: Attribute 'content' of: <html><head><meta>
23 msgid "text/html; charset=utf-8"
26 #. type: Content of: <html><head><title>
28 "Email Self-Defense - a guide to fighting surveillance with GnuPG encryption"
31 #. type: Attribute 'content' of: <html><head><meta>
33 "GnuPG, GPG, openpgp, surveillance, privacy, email, security, GnuPG2, "
37 #. type: Attribute 'content' of: <html><head><meta>
39 "Email surveillance violates our fundamental rights and makes free speech "
40 "risky. This guide will teach you email self-defense in 40 minutes with GnuPG."
43 #. type: Attribute 'content' of: <html><head><meta>
44 msgid "width=device-width, initial-scale=1"
47 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><p>
49 "<strong>Please check your email for a confirmation link now. Thanks for "
50 "joining our list!</strong>"
53 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><p>
55 "If you don't receive the confirmation link, send us an email at info@fsf.org "
56 "to be added manually."
59 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><p><img>
63 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><p>
64 msgid "Join us on microblogging services for day-to-day updates:"
67 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><a>
68 msgid "<a href=\"https://status.fsf.org/fsf\">"
71 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li><a><img>
75 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><a>
77 " GNU Social</a> | <a href=\"https://hostux.social/@fsf\">"
80 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li><a><img>
84 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
86 " Mastodon</a> | <a href=\"https://www.twitter.com/fsf"
90 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><p>
92 "<small><a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/twitter\">Read why GNU Social and "
93 "Mastodon are better than Twitter.</a></small>"
96 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><p>
97 msgid "← Return to <a href=\"index.html\">Email Self-Defense</a>"
100 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><div><h4><a>
101 msgid "<a href=\"https://u.fsf.org/ys\">"
104 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><footer><div><div><h4><a><img>
105 msgid "Free Software Foundation"
106 msgstr "مؤسسة البرمجيات الحرة"
108 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><p>
112 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><div><p>
114 "Copyright © 2014-2021 <a href=\"https://u.fsf.org/ys\">Free Software "
115 "Foundation</a>, Inc. <a href=\"https://my.fsf.org/donate/privacypolicy.html"
116 "\">Privacy Policy</a>. Please support our work by <a href=\"https://u.fsf."
117 "org/yr\">joining us as an associate member.</a>"
120 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><div><p>
122 "The images on this page are under a <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/"
123 "licenses/by/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license (or later "
124 "version)</a>, and the rest of it is under a <a href=\"https://"
125 "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
126 "ShareAlike 4.0 license (or later version)</a>. Download the <a href="
127 "\"https://agpl.fsf.org/emailselfdefense.fsf.org/edward/CURRENT/edward.tar.gz"
128 "\"> source code of Edward reply bot</a> by Andrew Engelbrecht <"
129 "andrew@engelbrecht.io> and Josh Drake <zamnedix@gnu.org>, available "
130 "under the GNU Affero General Public License. <a href=\"https://www.gnu.org/"
131 "licenses/license-list.html#OtherLicenses\">Why these licenses?</a>"
134 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><div><p>
136 "Fonts used in the guide & infographic: <a href=\"https://www.google.com/"
137 "fonts/specimen/Dosis\">Dosis</a> by Pablo Impallari, <a href=\"https://www."
138 "google.com/fonts/specimen/Signika\">Signika</a> by Anna Giedryś, <a "
139 "href=\"https://www.google.com/fonts/specimen/Archivo+Narrow\">Archivo "
140 "Narrow</a> by Omnibus-Type, <a href=\"https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/"
141 "Graphics_Howto#Pitfalls\">PXL-2000</a> by Florian Cramer."
144 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><div><p>
146 "Download the <a href=\"emailselfdefense_source.zip\">source package</a> for "
147 "this guide, including fonts, image source files and the text of Edward's "
151 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><div><p>
153 "This site uses the Weblabels standard for labeling <a href=\"https://www.fsf."
154 "org/campaigns/freejs\">free JavaScript</a>. View the JavaScript <a href="
155 "\"https://weblabels.fsf.org/emailselfdefense.fsf.org/\" rel=\"jslicense"
156 "\">source code and license information</a>."
159 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><p><a>
161 "Infographic and guide design by <a rel=\"external\" href=\"https://jplusplus."
162 "org\"><strong>Journalism++</strong>"
165 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><footer><div><p><a><img>
169 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><h1>
170 msgid "Email Self-Defense"
173 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li>
174 # | <a class=\"current\" href=\"/en\">English - v[-4-]{+5+}.0</a>
176 #| msgid "<a class=\"current\" href=\"/en\">English - v4.0</a>"
177 msgid "<a class=\"current\" href=\"/en\">English - v5.0</a>"
178 msgstr "<a href=\"/en\">English - v4.0</a>"
180 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li>
182 "<strong><a href=\"https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Translation_Guide"
183 "\"> Translate!</a></strong>"
186 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li>
187 msgid "<a href=\"index.html\" class=\"current\">Set up guide</a>"
190 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li>
191 msgid "<a href=\"workshops.html\">Teach your friends</a>"
194 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li><a>
196 "<a href=\"https://fsf.org/share?u=https://u.fsf.org/zb&t=Email"
197 "%20encryption%20for%20everyone%20via%20%40fsf\"> Share "
200 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li><a>
204 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li><a><img>
208 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li><a><img>
209 msgid "[Hacker News]"
212 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><div><p>
214 "We fight for computer users' rights, and promote the development of free (as "
215 "in freedom) software. Resisting bulk surveillance is very important to us."
217 "نناضل من أجل حقوق مستخدمي الكمبيوتر، ونشجع على تطوير البرمجيات الحرة . إن "
218 "الصمود في وجه مراقبة الجمهور هو أمر مهم بالنسبة لنا."
220 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><div><p>
221 # | [-<strong>We want-]{+<strong>Please donate+} to [-heavily promote tools
222 # | like this in-person and online,-] {+support Email Self-Defense. We need+}
223 # | to [-help as many-] {+keep improving it, and making more materials, for
224 # | the benefit of+} people [-as possible take-] {+around the world taking+}
225 # | the first step towards [-using free software to protect-] {+protecting+}
226 # | their [-privacy. Can you make a donation or become a member to help us
227 # | achieve this goal?</strong>-] {+privacy.</strong>+}
230 #| "<strong>We want to heavily promote tools like this in-person and online, "
231 #| "to help as many people as possible take the first step towards using "
232 #| "free software to protect their privacy. Can you make a donation or "
233 #| "become a member to help us achieve this goal?</strong>"
235 "<strong>Please donate to support Email Self-Defense. We need to keep "
236 "improving it, and making more materials, for the benefit of people around "
237 "the world taking the first step towards protecting their privacy.</strong>"
239 "<strong>نريد ترويج أدوات كهده على الانترنت، لمساعدة أكبر عدد ممكن من الناس "
240 "على اتخاد أول خطوة نحو إستعمال البرمجيات الحرة لحماية خصوصياتهم . هل تستطيع "
241 "أن تتبرع أو تصبح عضوا لمساعدتنا على تحقيق هدا الهدف ؟</strong>"
243 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><a>
245 "<a href=\"https://crm.fsf.org/civicrm/contribute/transact?reset=1&"
246 "id=14&mtm_campaign=email_self_defense&mtm_kwd=guide_donate\">"
249 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><div><p><a><img>
253 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><p><a>
254 msgid "<a id=\"infographic\" href=\"infographic.html\">"
257 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><a><img>
258 msgid "View & share our infographic →"
261 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><p>
262 # | </a> Bulk surveillance violates our fundamental rights and makes free
263 # | speech risky. This guide will teach you a basic surveillance self-defense
264 # | skill: email encryption. Once you've finished, you'll be able to send and
265 # | receive emails that are [-coded-] {+scrambled+} to make sure a
266 # | surveillance agent or thief intercepting your email can't read [-it.-]
267 # | {+them.+} All you need is a computer with an Internet connection, an email
268 # | account, and about [-half an hour.-] {+forty minutes.+}
271 #| "</a> Bulk surveillance violates our fundamental rights and makes free "
272 #| "speech risky. This guide will teach you a basic surveillance self-defense "
273 #| "skill: email encryption. Once you've finished, you'll be able to send and "
274 #| "receive emails that are coded to make sure a surveillance agent or thief "
275 #| "intercepting your email can't read it. All you need is a computer with an "
276 #| "Internet connection, an email account, and about half an hour."
278 "</a> Bulk surveillance violates our fundamental rights and makes free speech "
279 "risky. This guide will teach you a basic surveillance self-defense skill: "
280 "email encryption. Once you've finished, you'll be able to send and receive "
281 "emails that are scrambled to make sure a surveillance agent or thief "
282 "intercepting your email can't read them. All you need is a computer with an "
283 "Internet connection, an email account, and about forty minutes."
286 "إن مراقبة الجمهور تنتهك حقوقنا الأساسية وتهدد حرية التعبير . هدا الدليل "
287 "سيعلمك تقنية بسيطة تمكنك من الدفاع عن نفسك من المراقبة : تشفير البريد "
288 "الالكتروني. فور إتمامك، ستصبح قادر على إرسال وإستقبال رسائل مشفرة التي ستجعل "
289 "من المستحيل على أي مراقب أو قرصان أن يقرأها. كل ما تحتاجه هو حاسوب مرتبط "
290 "بالانترنت، حساب بريد الكتروني ونصف ساعة ."
292 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><p>
293 # | Even if you have nothing to hide, using encryption helps protect the
294 # | privacy of people you communicate with, and makes life difficult for bulk
295 # | surveillance systems. If you do have something important to hide, you're
296 # | in good company; these are the same tools that [-Edward Snowden used-]
297 # | {+whistleblowers use+} to [-share his famous secrets about the NSA.-]
298 # | {+protect their identities while shining light on human rights abuses,
299 # | corruption, and other crimes.+}
302 #| "Even if you have nothing to hide, using encryption helps protect the "
303 #| "privacy of people you communicate with, and makes life difficult for bulk "
304 #| "surveillance systems. If you do have something important to hide, you're "
305 #| "in good company; these are the same tools that Edward Snowden used to "
306 #| "share his famous secrets about the NSA."
308 "Even if you have nothing to hide, using encryption helps protect the privacy "
309 "of people you communicate with, and makes life difficult for bulk "
310 "surveillance systems. If you do have something important to hide, you're in "
311 "good company; these are the same tools that whistleblowers use to protect "
312 "their identities while shining light on human rights abuses, corruption, and "
315 "حتى لو لم يكن لديك ما تخفيه،فان إستعمال التشفير يساعدك على حماية خصوصية "
316 "الناس اللدين تتواصل معهم، وتصعب بدالك مراقبة الجماهير . أما ادا كان لديك "
317 "بالفعل شيء تخفيه، فانت فالمكان المناسب؛ انها نفس الأدوات التي استعملها "
318 "إدوارد سنودن لنشر أسرار وكالة الأمن القومي الأمريكية."
320 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><p>
321 # | In addition to using encryption, standing up to surveillance requires
322 # | fighting politically for a <a
323 # | href=\"http{+s+}://gnu.org/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy.html\">reduction
324 # | in the amount of data collected on us</a>, but the essential first step is
325 # | to protect yourself and make surveillance of your communication as
326 # | difficult as possible. [-Let's get started!-] {+This guide helps you do
327 # | that. It is designed for beginners, but if you already know the basics of
328 # | GnuPG or are an experienced free software user, you'll enjoy the advanced
329 # | tips and the <a href=\"workshops.html\">guide to teaching your
333 #| "In addition to using encryption, standing up to surveillance requires "
334 #| "fighting politically for a <a href=\"http://gnu.org/philosophy/"
335 #| "surveillance-vs-democracy.html\">reduction in the amount of data "
336 #| "collected on us</a>, but the essential first step is to protect yourself "
337 #| "and make surveillance of your communication as difficult as possible. "
338 #| "Let's get started!"
340 "In addition to using encryption, standing up to surveillance requires "
341 "fighting politically for a <a href=\"https://gnu.org/philosophy/surveillance-"
342 "vs-democracy.html\">reduction in the amount of data collected on us</a>, but "
343 "the essential first step is to protect yourself and make surveillance of "
344 "your communication as difficult as possible. This guide helps you do that. "
345 "It is designed for beginners, but if you already know the basics of GnuPG or "
346 "are an experienced free software user, you'll enjoy the advanced tips and "
347 "the <a href=\"workshops.html\">guide to teaching your friends</a>."
349 "بالاضافة إلى إستعمال التشفير، الوقوف أمام وجه المراقبة يستدعي أن نناضل "
350 "سياسيا من أجل <a href=\"http://gnu.org/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy."
351 "html\"> تخفيض كمية المعلومات التي يتم جمعها عنا </a>، لكن الخطوة الأولى تبقى "
352 "أن تحمي نفسك وتصعب قدر الامكان عملية التجسس عليك. فلنبدأ !"
354 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
355 msgid "<em>#1</em> Get the pieces"
358 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
360 "This guide relies on software which is <a href=\"https://www.gnu.org/"
361 "philosophy/free-sw.html\">freely licensed</a>; it's completely transparent "
362 "and anyone can copy it or make their own version. This makes it safer from "
363 "surveillance than proprietary software (like Windows or macOS). Learn more "
364 "about free software at <a href=\"https://u.fsf.org/ys\">fsf.org</a>."
367 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
369 "Most GNU/Linux operating systems come with GnuPG installed on them, so if "
370 "you're running one of these systems, you don't have to download it. If "
371 "you're running macOS or Windows, steps to download GnuPG are below. Before "
372 "configuring your encryption setup with this guide, though, you'll need a "
373 "desktop email program installed on your computer. Many GNU/Linux "
374 "distributions have one installed already, such as Icedove, which may be "
375 "under the alternate name \"Thunderbird.\" Programs like these are another "
376 "way to access the same email accounts you can access in a browser (like "
377 "Gmail), but provide extra features."
380 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
382 "If you already have an email program, you can skip to <a href="
383 "\"#section2\">Step 2</a>."
386 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
387 msgid "Step 1.A: Install Wizard"
390 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
391 msgid "<em>Step 1.a</em> Set up your email program with your email account"
394 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
396 "Open your email program and follow the wizard (step-by-step walkthrough) "
397 "that sets it up with your email account. This usually starts from \"Account "
398 "Settings\" → \"Add Mail Account\". You should get the email server "
399 "settings from your systems administrator or the help section of your email "
403 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><h4>
404 msgid "Troubleshooting"
407 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
408 msgid "The wizard doesn't launch"
411 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
413 "You can launch the wizard yourself, but the menu option for doing so is "
414 "named differently in each email program. The button to launch it will be in "
415 "the program's main menu, under \"New\" or something similar, titled "
416 "something like \"Add account\" or \"New/Existing email account.\""
419 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
420 msgid "The wizard can't find my account or isn't downloading my mail"
423 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
425 "Before searching the Web, we recommend you start by asking other people who "
426 "use your email system, to figure out the correct settings."
429 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
430 msgid "I can't find the menu"
433 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
435 "In many new email programs, the main menu is represented by an image of "
436 "three stacked horizontal bars."
439 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
440 msgid "Don't see a solution to your problem?"
443 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
445 "Please let us know on the <a href=\"https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/"
446 "Public_Review\">feedback page</a>."
449 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
450 msgid "<em>Step 1.b</em> Get your terminal ready and install GnuPG"
453 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
455 "If you are using a GNU/Linux machine, you should already have GnuPG "
456 "installed, and you can skip to <a href=\"#section2\">Step 2</a>."
459 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
461 "If you are using a macOS or Windows machine, however, you need to first "
462 "install the GnuPG program. Select your operating system below and follow the "
463 "steps. For the rest of the steps in this guide, the steps are the same for "
464 "all operating systems."
467 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><h4>
471 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
472 msgid "Use a third-party package manager to install GnuPG"
475 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
477 "Your macOS comes with a program called \"Terminal\" pre-installed, which "
478 "we'll use to set up your encryption with GnuPG, using the command line. "
479 "However, the default macOS package manager makes it difficult to install "
480 "GnuPG and other pieces of free software (like Emacs, GIMP, or Inkscape)."
483 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
485 "To make things easier, we recommend setting up the third-party package "
486 "manager \"Homebrew\" to install GnuPG. Copy the link on the home page of <a "
487 "href=\"https://brew.sh/\">Homebrew</a> and paste it in Terminal. Click "
488 "\"Enter\" and wait for it to finalize."
491 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
493 "When it is done, install the program by entering the following code in "
497 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
499 "<code>brew install gnupg gnupg2</code>. After installation is done, you can "
500 "follow the steps of the rest of this guide."
503 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><h4>
507 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
508 msgid "Get GnuPG by downloading GPG4Win"
511 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
513 "<a href=\"https://www.gpg4win.org/\">GPG4Win</a> is an email and file "
514 "encryption software package that includes GnuPG. Download and install the "
515 "latest version, choosing default options whenever asked. After it's "
516 "installed, you can close any windows that it creates."
519 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
521 "To follow the rest of the steps in this guide, you'll use the program called "
522 "\"PowerShell\", which is a program you'll see elsewhere referred to as a "
523 "\"terminal.\" This allows you to operate your computer using the command "
527 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
528 msgid "GnuPG, OpenPGP, what?"
531 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
533 "In general, the terms GnuPG, GPG, GNU Privacy Guard, OpenPGP and PGP are "
534 "used interchangeably. Technically, OpenPGP (Pretty Good Privacy) is the "
535 "encryption standard, and GNU Privacy Guard (often shortened to GPG or "
536 "GnuPG) is the program that implements the standard. Most email programs "
537 "provide an interface for GnuPG. There is also a newer version of GnuPG, "
541 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
542 msgid "<em>#2</em> Make your keys"
545 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><p><img>
547 "A robot with a head shaped like a key holding a private and a public key"
550 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
552 "To use the GnuPG system, you'll need a public key and a private key (known "
553 "together as a keypair). Each is a long string of randomly generated numbers "
554 "and letters that are unique to you. Your public and private keys are linked "
555 "together by a special mathematical function."
558 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
560 "Your public key isn't like a physical key, because it's stored in the open "
561 "in an online directory called a keyserver. People download it and use it, "
562 "along with GnuPG, to encrypt emails they send to you. You can think of the "
563 "keyserver as a phonebook; people who want to send you encrypted email can "
564 "look up your public key."
567 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
569 "Your private key is more like a physical key, because you keep it to "
570 "yourself (on your computer). You use GnuPG and your private key together to "
571 "descramble encrypted emails other people send to you. <strong>You should "
572 "never share your private key with anyone, under any circumstances.</strong>"
575 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
577 "In addition to encryption and decryption, you can also use these keys to "
578 "sign messages and check the authenticity of other people's signatures. We'll "
579 "discuss this more in the next section."
582 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
583 msgid "Step 2.A: Make your Keypair"
586 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
587 msgid "Step 2.A: Set your passphrase"
590 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
591 msgid "<em>Step 2.a</em> Make a keypair"
594 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
595 msgid "Make your keypair"
598 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
600 "Open a terminal. You should be able to find it in your applications (some "
601 "GNU/Linux systems respond to the the <kbd>ctrl + alt + t</kbd> shortcut). "
602 "Use the following code to create your keypair in the terminal:"
605 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
607 "We will use the command line in a terminal to create a keypair using the "
608 "GnuPG program. A terminal should be installed on your GNU/Linux operating "
609 "system, if you are using a macOS or Windows OS system, use the programs "
610 "\"Terminal\" (macOS) or \"PowerShell\" (Windows) that were also used in "
614 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
615 msgid "# <code>gpg --full-generate-key</code> to start the process."
618 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
620 "# To answer what kind of key you would like to create, select the default "
621 "option: <samp>1 RSA and RSA</samp>."
624 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
625 msgid "# Enter the following keysize: <code>4096</code> for a strong key."
628 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
629 msgid "# Choose the expiration date, we suggest <code>2y</code> (2 years)."
632 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
633 msgid "Follow the prompts to continue setting up with your personal details."
636 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
637 msgid "Set your passphrase"
640 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
642 "On the screen titled \"Passphrase,\" pick a strong password! You can do it "
643 "manually, or you can use the Diceware method. Doing it manually is faster "
644 "but not as secure. Using Diceware takes longer and requires dice, but "
645 "creates a password that is much harder for attackers to figure out. To use "
646 "it, read the section \"Make a secure passphrase with Diceware\" in <a href="
647 "\"https://theintercept.com/2015/03/26/passphrases-can-memorize-attackers-"
648 "cant-guess/\"> this article</a> by Micah Lee."
651 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
653 "If you'd like to pick a passphrase manually, come up with something you can "
654 "remember which is at least twelve characters long, and includes at least one "
655 "lower case and upper case letter and at least one number or punctuation "
656 "symbol. Never pick a password you've used elsewhere. Don't use any "
657 "recognizable patterns, such as birthdays, telephone numbers, pets' names, "
658 "song lyrics, quotes from books, and so on."
661 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
662 msgid "GnuPG is not installed"
665 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
667 "GPG is not installed. You can check if this is the case with the command "
668 "<code>gpg --version</code>. If GnuPG is not installed, it would bring up "
669 "the following result on most GNU/Linux operating systems, or something like "
670 "it: <samp>Command 'gpg' not found, but can be installed with: sudo apt "
671 "install gnupg</samp>. Follow that command and install the program."
674 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
675 msgid "I took too long to create my passphrase"
678 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
680 "That's okay. It's important to think about your passphrase. When you're "
681 "ready, just follow the steps from the beginning again to create your key."
684 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
685 msgid "How can I see my key?"
688 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
690 "Use the following command to see all keys: <code>gpg--list-keys</code>. "
691 "Yours should be listed in there, and later, so will Edward's (<a href="
692 "\"#section3\">section 3</a>). If you want to see only your key, you can use "
693 "<code>gpg --list-key [your@email]</code>. You can also use <code>gpg --list-"
694 "secret-key</code> to see your own private key."
697 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
698 msgid "More resources"
701 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
703 "For more information about this process, you can also refer to <a href="
704 "\"https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/c14.html#AEN25\">The GNU Privacy "
705 "Handbook</a>. Make sure you stick with \"RSA and RSA\" (the default), "
706 "because it's newer and more secure than the algorithms the documentation "
707 "recommends. Also make sure your key is at least 4096 bits if you want to be "
711 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><h4>
715 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
716 msgid "Advanced key pairs"
719 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
721 "When GnuPG creates a new keypair, it compartmentalizes the encryption "
722 "function from the signing function through <a href=\"https://wiki.debian.org/"
723 "Subkeys\">subkeys</a>. If you use subkeys carefully, you can keep your GnuPG "
724 "identity more secure and recover from a compromised key much more quickly. "
725 "<a href=\"https://alexcabal.com/creating-the-perfect-gpg-keypair/\">Alex "
726 "Cabal</a> and <a href=\"https://keyring.debian.org/creating-key.html\">the "
727 "Debian wiki</a> provide good guides for setting up a secure subkey "
731 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
732 msgid "Step 2.B: Send to server and generate a certificate"
735 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
736 msgid "<em>Step 2.b</em> Some important steps following creation"
739 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
740 msgid "Upload your key to a keyserver"
743 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
745 "We will upload your key to a keyserver, so if someone wants to send you an "
746 "encrypted message, they can download your public key from the Internet. "
747 "There are multiple keyservers that you can select from the menu when you "
748 "upload, but they are all copies of each other, so it doesn't matter which "
749 "one you use. However, it sometimes takes a few hours for them to match each "
750 "other when a new key is uploaded."
753 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
755 "# Copy your keyID: <code>gpg --list-key [your@email]</code> will list your "
756 "public (\"pub\") key information, including your keyID, which is a unique "
757 "list of numbers and letters. Copy this keyID, so you can use it in the "
761 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
762 msgid "# Upload your key to a server: <code>gpg --send-key [keyID]</code>"
765 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
766 msgid "Export your key to a file"
769 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
771 "Use the following command to export your secret key so you can import it "
772 "into your email client at the next <a href=\"#section3\">step</a>. To avoid "
773 "getting your key compromised, store this in a safe place, and make sure that "
774 "if it is transferred, it is done so in a trusted way. Exporting your keys "
775 "can be done with the following commands:"
778 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><code>
779 msgid "<code> $ gpg --export-secret-keys -a [keyID] > my_secret_key.asc"
782 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
783 msgid "$ gpg --export -a [keyID] > my_public_key.asc </code>"
786 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
787 msgid "Generate a revocation certificate"
790 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
792 "Just in case you lose your key, or it gets compromised, you want to generate "
793 "a certificate and choose to save it in a safe place on your computer for now "
794 "(please refer to <a href=\"#step-6c\"> step 6.C</a> for how to best store "
795 "your revocation cerficate safely). This step is essential for your email "
796 "self-defense, as you'll learn more about in <a href=\"#section5\">Section 5</"
800 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
802 "# Generate a revocation certificate: <code>gpg --gen-revoke --output revoke."
806 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
808 "# It will prompt you to give a reason for revocation, we recommend to use "
809 "<samp>1 = key has been compromised</samp>."
812 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
814 "# You don't have to fill in a reason, but you can, then press enter for an "
815 "empty line, and confirm your selection."
818 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
819 msgid "My key doesn't seem to be working or I get a \"permission denied.\""
822 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
824 "Like every other file or folder, gpg keys are subject to permissions. If "
825 "these are not set correctly, your system may not be accepting your keys. You "
826 "can follow the next steps to check, and update to the right permissions."
829 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
830 msgid "# Check your permissions: <code>ls -l ~/.gnupg/*</code>"
833 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
835 "# Set permissions to read, write, execute for only yourself, no others. "
836 "These are the recommended permissions for your folder."
839 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
840 msgid "You can use the code: <code>chmod 700 ~/.gnupg</code>"
843 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
845 "# Set permissions to read and write for yourself only, no others. These are "
846 "the recommended permissions for the keys inside your folder."
849 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
850 msgid "You can use the code: <code>chmod 600 ~/.gnupg/*</code>"
853 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
855 "If you have (for any reason) created your own folders inside ~/.gnupg, you "
856 "must also additionally apply execute permissions to that folder. Folders "
857 "require execution privileges to be opened. For more information on "
858 "permissions, you can check out <a href=\"https://helpdeskgeek.com/linux-tips/"
859 "understanding-linux-permissions-chmod-usage/\">this detailed information "
863 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
864 msgid "More about keyservers"
867 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
869 "You can find some more keyserver information<a href=\"https://www.gnupg.org/"
870 "gph/en/manual/x457.html\"> in this manual</a>. <a href=\"https://sks-"
871 "keyservers.net/overview-of-pools.php\">The sks Web site</a> maintains a list "
872 "of highly interconnected keyservers. You can also <a href=\"https://www."
873 "gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x56.html#AEN64\">directly export your key</a> as a "
874 "file on your computer."
877 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
878 msgid "Transferring your keys"
881 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
883 "Use the following commands to transfer your keys. To avoid getting your key "
884 "compromised, store it in a safe place, and make sure that if it is "
885 "transferred, it is done so in a trusted way. Importing and exporting a key "
886 "can be done with the following commands:"
889 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p><code>
890 msgid "<code> $ gpg --export-secret-keys -a [keyID] > my_private_key.asc"
893 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p><code>
894 msgid "$ gpg --export -a [keyID] > my_public_key.asc"
897 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p><code>
898 msgid "$ gpg --import my_private_key.asc"
901 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
902 msgid "$ gpg --import my_public_key.asc </code>"
905 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
907 "Ensure that the keyID printed is the correct one, and if so, then go ahead "
908 "and add ultimate trust for it:"
911 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
912 msgid "<code> $ gpg --edit-key [your@email] </code>"
915 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
917 "Because this is your key, you should choose <code>ultimate</code>. You "
918 "shouldn't trust anyone else's key ultimately."
921 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
923 "Refer to <a href=\"#step-2b\">troubleshoot in step 2.B</a> for more "
924 "information on permissions. When transferring keys, your permissions may get "
925 "mixed, and errors may be prompted. These are easily avoided when your "
926 "folders and files have the right permissions"
929 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
930 msgid "<em>#3</em> Set up email encryption"
933 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
935 "The Icedove (or Thunderbird) email program has PGP functionality integrated, "
936 "which makes it pretty easy to work with. We'll take you through the steps of "
937 "integrating and using your key in these email clients."
940 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
941 msgid "Step 3.A: Email Menu"
944 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
945 msgid "Step 3.A: Import From File"
948 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
949 msgid "Step 3.A: Success"
952 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
953 msgid "Step 3.A: Troubleshoot"
956 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
957 msgid "<em>Step 3.a</em> Set up your email with encryption"
960 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
962 "Once you have set up your email with encryption, you can start contributing "
963 "to encrypted traffic on the Internet. First we'll get your email client to "
964 "import your secret key, and we will also learn how to get other people's "
965 "public keys from servers so you can send and receive encrypted email."
968 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
970 "# Open your email client and use \"Tools\" → <i>OpenPGP Key Manager</i>"
973 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
974 msgid "# Under \"File\" → <i>Import Secret Key(s) From File</i>"
977 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
979 "# Select the file you saved under the name [my_secret_key.asc] in <a href="
980 "\"#step-2b\">step 2.b</a> when you exported your key"
983 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
984 msgid "# Unlock with your passphrase"
987 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
989 "# You will receive a \"OpenPGP keys successfully imported\" window to "
993 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
995 "# Go to \"Account settings\" → \"End-To-End Encryption,\" and make sure "
996 "your key is imported and select <i>Treat this key as a Personal Key</i>."
999 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1000 msgid "I'm not sure the import worked correctly"
1003 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1005 "Look for \"Account settings\" → \"End-To-End Encryption.\" Here you can "
1006 "see if your personal key associated with this email is found. If it is not, "
1007 "you can try again via the <i>Add key</i> option. Make sure you have the "
1008 "correct, active, secret key file."
1011 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1012 msgid "<em>#4</em> Try it out!"
1015 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><p><img>
1016 msgid "Illustration of a person in a house with a cat connected to a server"
1019 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1021 "Now you'll try a test correspondence with an FSF computer program named "
1022 "Edward, who knows how to use encryption. Except where noted, these are the "
1023 "same steps you'd follow when corresponding with a real, live person."
1026 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1027 msgid "Step 4.A Send key to Edward."
1030 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1031 msgid "<em>Step 4.a</em> Send Edward your public key"
1034 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1036 "This is a special step that you won't have to do when corresponding with "
1037 "real people. In your email program's menu, go to \"Tools\" → \"OpenPGP "
1038 "Key Manager.\" You should see your key in the list that pops up. Right click "
1039 "on your key and select <i>Send Public Keys by Email</i>. This will create a "
1040 "new draft message, as if you had just hit the \"Write\" button, but in the "
1041 "attachment you will find your public keyfile."
1044 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1046 "Address the message to <a href=\"mailto:edward-en@fsf.org\">edward-en@fsf."
1047 "org</a>. Put at least one word (whatever you want) in the subject and body "
1048 "of the email. Don't send yet."
1051 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1053 "We want Edward to be able to open the email with your keyfile, so we want "
1054 "this first special message to be unencrypted. Make sure encryption is turned "
1055 "off by using the dropdown menu \"Security\" and select <i>Do Not Encrypt</"
1056 "i>. Once encryption is off, hit Send."
1059 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1061 "It may take two or three minutes for Edward to respond. In the meantime, you "
1062 "might want to skip ahead and check out the <a href=\"#section6\">Use it "
1063 "Well</a> section of this guide. Once you have received a response, head to "
1064 "the next step. From here on, you'll be doing just the same thing as when "
1065 "corresponding with a real person."
1068 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1070 "When you open Edward's reply, GnuPG may prompt you for your passphrase "
1071 "before using your private key to decrypt it."
1074 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1075 msgid "Step 4.B Option 1. Verify key"
1078 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1079 msgid "Step 4.B Option 2. Import key"
1082 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1083 msgid "<em>Step 4.b</em> Send a test encrypted email"
1086 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
1087 msgid "Get Edward's key"
1090 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1092 "To encrypt an email to Edward, you need its public key, so now you'll have "
1093 "to download it from a keyserver. You can do this in two different ways:"
1096 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1098 "<strong>Option 1.</strong> In the email answer you received from Edward as a "
1099 "response to your first email, Edward's public key was included. On the right "
1100 "of the email, just above the writing area, you will find an \"OpenPGP\" "
1101 "button that has a lock and a little wheel next to it. Click that, and select "
1102 "<i>Discover</i> next to the text: \"This message was signed with a key that "
1103 "you don't yet have.\" A popup with Edward's key details will follow."
1106 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1108 "<strong>Option 2.</strong> Open your OpenPGP Key manager, and under "
1109 "\"Keyserver\" choose <i>Discover Keys Online</i>. Here, fill in Edward's "
1110 "email address, and import Edward's key."
1113 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1115 "The option <i>Accepted (unverified)</i> will add this key to your key "
1116 "manager, and now it can be used to send encrypted emails and to verify "
1117 "digital signatures from Edward."
1120 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1122 "In the popup window confirming if you want to import Edward's key, you'll "
1123 "see many different emails that are all associated with its key. This is "
1124 "correct; you can safely import the key."
1127 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1129 "Since you encrypted this email with Edward's public key, Edward's private "
1130 "key is required to decrypt it. Edward is the only one with its private key, "
1131 "so no one except Edward can decrypt it."
1134 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
1135 msgid "Send Edward an encrypted email"
1138 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1140 "Write a new email in your email program, addressed to <a href=\"mailto:"
1141 "edward-en@fsf.org\">edward-en@fsf.org</a>. Make the subject \"Encryption test"
1142 "\" or something similar and write something in the body."
1145 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1147 "This time, make sure encryption is turned on by using the dropdown menu "
1148 "\"Security\" and select <i>Require Encryption</i>. Once encryption is on, "
1152 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1153 msgid "\"Recipients not valid, not trusted or not found\""
1156 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1158 "You could get the above error message, or something along these lines: "
1159 "\"Unable to send this message with end-to-end encryption, because there are "
1160 "problems with the keys of the following recipients: ...\" In these cases, "
1161 "you may be trying to send an encrypted email to someone when you do not have "
1162 "their public key yet. Make sure you follow the steps above to import the key "
1163 "to your key manager. Open OpenPGP Key Manager to make sure the recipient is "
1167 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1168 msgid "Unable to send message"
1171 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1173 "You could get the following message when trying to send your encrypted "
1174 "email: \"Unable to send this message with end-to-end encryption, because "
1175 "there are problems with the keys of the following recipients: edward-en@fsf."
1176 "org.\" This usually means you imported the key with the \"unaccepted "
1177 "(unverified) option.\" Go to the \"key properties\" of this key by right "
1178 "clicking on the key in the OpenPGP Key Manager, and select the option "
1179 "<i>Yes, but I have not verified that this is the correct key</i> in the "
1180 "\"Acceptance\" option at the bottom of this window. Resend the email."
1183 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1184 msgid "I can't find Edward's key"
1187 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1189 "Close the pop-ups that have appeared since you clicked Send. Make sure you "
1190 "are connected to the Internet and try again. If that doesn't work, repeat "
1191 "the process, choosing a different keyserver when it asks you to pick one."
1194 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1195 msgid "Unscrambled messages in the Sent folder"
1198 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1200 "Even though you can't decrypt messages encrypted to someone else's key, your "
1201 "email program will automatically save a copy encrypted to your public key, "
1202 "which you'll be able to view from the Sent folder like a normal email. This "
1203 "is normal, and it doesn't mean that your email was not sent encrypted."
1206 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1207 msgid "Encrypt messages from the command line"
1210 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1212 "You can also encrypt and decrypt messages and files from the <a href="
1213 "\"https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x110.html\">command line</a>, if "
1214 "that's your preference. The option --armor makes the encrypted output appear "
1215 "in the regular character set."
1218 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1219 msgid "<em>Important:</em> Security tips"
1222 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1224 "Even if you encrypt your email, the subject line is not encrypted, so don't "
1225 "put private information there. The sending and receiving addresses aren't "
1226 "encrypted either, so a surveillance system can still figure out who you're "
1227 "communicating with. Also, surveillance agents will know that you're using "
1228 "GnuPG, even if they can't figure out what you're saying. When you send "
1229 "attachments, you can choose to encrypt them or not, independent of the "
1233 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1235 "For greater security against potential attacks, you can turn off HTML. "
1236 "Instead, you can render the message body as plain text. In order to do this "
1237 "in Icedove or Thunderbird, go to \"View\" → \"Message Body As\" → "
1238 "<i>Plain Text</i>."
1241 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1242 msgid "Step 4.C Edward's response"
1245 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1246 msgid "<em>Step 4.c</em> Receive a response"
1249 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1251 "When Edward receives your email, it will use its private key to decrypt it, "
1252 "then reply to you."
1255 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1257 "It may take two or three minutes for Edward to respond. In the meantime, you "
1258 "might want to skip ahead and check out the <a href=\"#section6\">Use it "
1259 "Well</a> section of this guide."
1262 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1264 "Edward will send you an encrypted email back saying your email was received "
1265 "and decrypted. Your email client will automatically decrypt Edward's message."
1268 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1270 "The OpenPGP button in the email will show a little green checkmark over the "
1271 "lock symbol to show the message is encrypted, and a little orange warning "
1272 "sign which means that you have accepted the key, but not verified it. When "
1273 "you have not yet accepted the key, you will see a little question mark "
1274 "there. Clicking the prompts in this button will lead you to key properties "
1278 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1279 msgid "<em>Step 4.d</em> Send a signed test email"
1282 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1284 "GnuPG includes a way for you to sign messages and files, verifying that they "
1285 "came from you and that they weren't tampered with along the way. These "
1286 "signatures are stronger than their pen-and-paper cousins -- they're "
1287 "impossible to forge, because they're impossible to create without your "
1288 "private key (another reason to keep your private key safe)."
1291 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1293 "You can sign messages to anyone, so it's a great way to make people aware "
1294 "that you use GnuPG and that they can communicate with you securely. If they "
1295 "don't have GnuPG, they will be able to read your message and see your "
1296 "signature. If they do have GnuPG, they'll also be able to verify that your "
1297 "signature is authentic."
1300 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1302 "To sign an email to Edward, compose any message to the email address and "
1303 "click the pencil icon next to the lock icon so that it turns gold. If you "
1304 "sign a message, GnuPG may ask you for your password before it sends the "
1305 "message, because it needs to unlock your private key for signing."
1308 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1310 "In \"Account Settings\" → \"End-To-End-Encryption\" you can opt to "
1311 "<i>add digital signature by default</i>."
1314 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1315 msgid "<em>Step 4.e</em> Receive a response"
1318 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1320 "When Edward receives your email, he will use your public key (which you sent "
1321 "him in <a href=\"#step-3a\">Step 3.A</a>) to verify the message you sent has "
1322 "not been tampered with and to encrypt a reply to you."
1325 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1327 "Edward's reply will arrive encrypted, because he prefers to use encryption "
1328 "whenever possible. If everything goes according to plan, it should say "
1329 "\"Your signature was verified.\" If your test signed email was also "
1330 "encrypted, he will mention that first."
1333 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1335 "When you receive Edward's email and open it, your email client will "
1336 "automatically detect that it is encrypted with your public key, and then it "
1337 "will use your private key to decrypt it."
1340 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1341 msgid "<em>#5</em> Learn about the Web of Trust"
1344 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><p><img>
1345 msgid "Illustration of keys all interconnected with a web of lines"
1348 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1350 "Email encryption is a powerful technology, but it has a weakness: it "
1351 "requires a way to verify that a person's public key is actually theirs. "
1352 "Otherwise, there would be no way to stop an attacker from making an email "
1353 "address with your friend's name, creating keys to go with it, and "
1354 "impersonating your friend. That's why the free software programmers that "
1355 "developed email encryption created keysigning and the Web of Trust."
1358 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1360 "When you sign someone's key, you are publicly saying that you've verified "
1361 "that it belongs to them and not someone else."
1364 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1366 "Signing keys and signing messages use the same type of mathematical "
1367 "operation, but they carry very different implications. It's a good practice "
1368 "to generally sign your email, but if you casually sign people's keys, you "
1369 "may accidentally end up vouching for the identity of an imposter."
1372 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1374 "People who use your public key can see who has signed it. Once you've used "
1375 "GnuPG for a long time, your key may have hundreds of signatures. You can "
1376 "consider a key to be more trustworthy if it has many signatures from people "
1377 "that you trust. The Web of Trust is a constellation of GnuPG users, "
1378 "connected to each other by chains of trust expressed through signatures."
1381 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1382 msgid "Section 5: trusting a key"
1385 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1386 msgid "<em>Step 5.a</em> Sign a key"
1389 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1391 "In your email program's menu, go to OpenPGP Key Manager and select <i>Key "
1392 "properties</i> by right clicking on Edward's key."
1395 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1397 "Under \"Your Acceptance,\" you can select <i>Yes, I've verified in person "
1398 "this key has the correct fingerprint\"</i>."
1401 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1403 "You've just effectively said \"I trust that Edward's public key actually "
1404 "belongs to Edward.\" This doesn't mean much because Edward isn't a real "
1405 "person, but it's good practice, and for real people it is important. You can "
1406 "read more about signing a person's key in the <a href=\"#check-ids-before-"
1407 "signing\">check IDs before signing</a> section."
1410 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1411 msgid "Identifying keys: Fingerprints and IDs"
1414 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1416 "People's public keys are usually identified by their key fingerprint, which "
1417 "is a string of digits like F357AA1A5B1FA42CFD9FE52A9FF2194CC09A61E8 (for "
1418 "Edward's key). You can see the fingerprint for your public key, and other "
1419 "public keys saved on your computer, by going to OpenPGP Key Management in "
1420 "your email program's menu, then right clicking on the key and choosing Key "
1421 "Properties. It's good practice to share your fingerprint wherever you share "
1422 "your email address, so that people can double-check that they have the "
1423 "correct public key when they download yours from a keyserver."
1426 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1428 "You may also see public keys referred to by a shorter keyID. This keyID is "
1429 "visible directly from the Key Management window. These eight character "
1430 "keyIDs were previously used for identification, which used to be safe, but "
1431 "is no longer reliable. You need to check the full fingerprint as part of "
1432 "verifying you have the correct key for the person you are trying to contact. "
1433 "Spoofing, in which someone intentionally generates a key with a fingerprint "
1434 "whose final eight characters are the same as another, is unfortunately "
1438 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1439 msgid "<em>Important:</em> What to consider when signing keys"
1442 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1444 "Before signing a person's key, you need to be confident that it actually "
1445 "belongs to them, and that they are who they say they are. Ideally, this "
1446 "confidence comes from having interactions and conversations with them over "
1447 "time, and witnessing interactions between them and others. Whenever signing "
1448 "a key, ask to see the full public key fingerprint, and not just the shorter "
1449 "keyID. If you feel it's important to sign the key of someone you've just "
1450 "met, also ask them to show you their government identification, and make "
1451 "sure the name on the ID matches the name on the public key."
1454 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1455 msgid "Master the Web of Trust"
1458 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1460 "Unfortunately, trust does not spread between users the way <a href=\"https://"
1461 "fennetic.net/irc/finney.org/~hal/web_of_trust.html\">many people think</a>. "
1462 "One of the best ways to strengthen the GnuPG community is to deeply <a href="
1463 "\"https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x334.html\">understand</a> the Web of "
1464 "Trust and to carefully sign as many people's keys as circumstances permit."
1467 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1468 msgid "<em>#6</em> Use it well"
1471 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1473 "Everyone uses GnuPG a little differently, but it's important to follow some "
1474 "basic practices to keep your email secure. Not following them, you risk the "
1475 "privacy of the people you communicate with, as well as your own, and damage "
1479 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1480 msgid "Section 6: Use it Well (1)"
1483 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1484 msgid "When should I encrypt? When should I sign?"
1487 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1489 "The more you can encrypt your messages, the better. If you only encrypt "
1490 "emails occasionally, each encrypted message could raise a red flag for "
1491 "surveillance systems. If all or most of your email is encrypted, people "
1492 "doing surveillance won't know where to start. That's not to say that only "
1493 "encrypting some of your email isn't helpful -- it's a great start and it "
1494 "makes bulk surveillance more difficult."
1497 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1499 "Unless you don't want to reveal your own identity (which requires other "
1500 "protective measures), there's no reason not to sign every message, whether "
1501 "or not you are encrypting. In addition to allowing those with GnuPG to "
1502 "verify that the message came from you, signing is a non-intrusive way to "
1503 "remind everyone that you use GnuPG and show support for secure "
1504 "communication. If you often send signed messages to people that aren't "
1505 "familiar with GnuPG, it's nice to also include a link to this guide in your "
1506 "standard email signature (the text kind, not the cryptographic kind)."
1509 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1510 msgid "Section 6: Use it Well (2)"
1513 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1514 msgid "Be wary of invalid keys"
1517 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1519 "GnuPG makes email safer, but it's still important to watch out for invalid "
1520 "keys, which might have fallen into the wrong hands. Email encrypted with "
1521 "invalid keys might be readable by surveillance programs."
1524 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1526 "In your email program, go back to the first encrypted email that Edward sent "
1527 "you. Because Edward encrypted it with your public key, it will have a green "
1528 "checkmark a at the top \"OpenPGP\" button."
1531 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1533 "<strong>When using GnuPG, make a habit of glancing at that button. The "
1534 "program will warn you there if you get an email signed with a key that can't "
1535 "be trusted.</strong>"
1538 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1539 msgid "Copy your revocation certificate to somewhere safe"
1542 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1544 "Remember when you created your keys and saved the revocation certificate "
1545 "that GnuPG made? It's time to copy that certificate onto the safest storage "
1546 "that you have -- a flash drive, disk, or hard drive stored in a safe place "
1547 "in your home could work, not on a device you carry with you regularly. The "
1548 "safest way we know is actually to print the revocation certificate and store "
1549 "it in a safe place."
1552 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1554 "If your private key ever gets lost or stolen, you'll need this certificate "
1555 "file to let people know that you are no longer using that keypair."
1558 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1559 msgid "<em>IMPORTANT:</em> ACT SWIFTLY if someone gets your private key"
1562 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1564 "If you lose your private key or someone else gets a hold of it (say, by "
1565 "stealing or cracking your computer), it's important to revoke it immediately "
1566 "before someone else uses it to read your encrypted email or forge your "
1567 "signature. This guide doesn't cover how to revoke a key, but you can follow "
1568 "these <a href=\"https://www.hackdiary.com/2004/01/18/revoking-a-gpg-key/"
1569 "\">instructions</a>. After you're done revoking, make a new key and send an "
1570 "email to everyone with whom you usually use your key to make sure they know, "
1571 "including a copy of your new key."
1574 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1575 msgid "Webmail and GnuPG"
1578 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1580 "When you use a web browser to access your email, you're using webmail, an "
1581 "email program stored on a distant website. Unlike webmail, your desktop "
1582 "email program runs on your own computer. Although webmail can't decrypt "
1583 "encrypted email, it will still display it in its encrypted form. If you "
1584 "primarily use webmail, you'll know to open your email client when you "
1585 "receive a scrambled email."
1588 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1589 msgid "Make your public key part of your online identity"
1592 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1594 "First add your public key fingerprint to your email signature, then compose "
1595 "an email to at least five of your friends, telling them you just set up "
1596 "GnuPG and mentioning your public key fingerprint. Link to this guide and ask "
1597 "them to join you. Don't forget that there's also an awesome <a href="
1598 "\"infographic.html\">infographic to share.</a>"
1601 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1603 "Start writing your public key fingerprint anywhere someone would see your "
1604 "email address: your social media profiles, blog, Website, or business card. "
1605 "(At the Free Software Foundation, we put ours on our <a href=\"https://fsf."
1606 "org/about/staff\">staff page</a>.) We need to get our culture to the point "
1607 "that we feel like something is missing when we see an email address without "
1608 "a public key fingerprint."
1611 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1612 msgid "<a href=\"next_steps.html\">Great job! Check out the next steps.</a>"
1615 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><p>
1616 msgid "← Read the <a href=\"index.html\">full guide</a>"
1619 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><h3><a>
1621 "<a href=\"https://fsf.org/share?u=https://u.fsf.org/zc&t=How%20public-key"
1622 "%20encryption%20works.%20Infographic%20via%20%40fsf\">"
1625 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><h3>
1626 msgid " Share our infographic </a> with the hashtag #EmailSelfDefense"
1629 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><p><img>
1630 msgid "View & share our infographic"
1633 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><h1>
1637 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1638 msgid "<em>#7</em> Next steps"
1641 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1643 "You've now completed the basics of email encryption with GnuPG, taking "
1644 "action against bulk surveillance. These next steps will help make the most "
1645 "of the work you've done."
1648 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1649 msgid "← <a href=\"index.html\">Return to the guide</a>"
1652 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1653 msgid "Join the movement"
1656 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1658 "You've just taken a huge step towards protecting your privacy online. But "
1659 "each of us acting alone isn't enough. To topple bulk surveillance, we need "
1660 "to build a movement for the autonomy and freedom of all computer users. Join "
1661 "the Free Software Foundation's community to meet like-minded people and work "
1662 "together for change."
1665 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1667 "<small>Read <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/twitter\">why GNU Social and "
1668 "Mastodon are better than Twitter</a>, and <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/"
1669 "facebook\">why we don't use Facebook</a>.</small>"
1672 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><p>
1673 msgid "Low-volume mailing list"
1676 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><form>
1678 "<input type=\"text\" value=\"Type your email...\" name=\"email-Primary\" id="
1679 "\"frmEmail\" /> <input type=\"submit\" value=\"Add me\" name=\"_qf_Edit_next"
1680 "\" /> <input type=\"hidden\" value=\"https://emailselfdefense.fsf.org/en/"
1681 "confirmation.html\" name=\"postURL\" /> <input type=\"hidden\" value=\"1\" "
1682 "name=\"group[25]\" /> <input type=\"hidden\" value=\"https://my.fsf.org/"
1683 "civicrm/profile?reset=1&gid=391\" name=\"cancelURL\" /> <input type="
1684 "\"hidden\" value=\"Edit:cancel\" name=\"_qf_default\" />"
1687 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><p>
1689 "<small>Read our <a href=\"https://my.fsf.org/donate/privacypolicy.html"
1690 "\">privacy policy</a>.</small>"
1693 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1694 msgid "Bring Email Self-Defense to new people"
1697 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1699 "Understanding and setting up email encryption is a daunting task for many. "
1700 "To welcome them, make it easy to find your public key and offer to help with "
1701 "encryption. Here are some suggestions:"
1704 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><ul><li>
1706 "# Lead an Email Self-Defense workshop for your friends and community, using "
1707 "our <a href=\"workshops.html\">teaching guide</a>."
1710 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><ul><li>
1712 "# Use <a href=\"https://fsf.org/share?u=https://u.fsf.org/zb&t=Encrypt"
1713 "%20with%20me%20using%20Email%20Self-Defense%20%40fsf\"> our sharing page</a> "
1714 "to compose a message to a few friends and ask them to join you in using "
1715 "encrypted email. Remember to include your GnuPG public key fingerprint so "
1716 "they can easily download your key."
1719 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><ul><li>
1721 "# Add your public key fingerprint anywhere that you normally display your "
1722 "email address. Some good places are: your email signature (the text kind, "
1723 "not the cryptographic kind), social media profiles, blogs, Web sites, or "
1724 "business cards. At the Free Software Foundation, we put ours on our <a href="
1725 "\"https://fsf.org/about/staff\">staff page</a>."
1728 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1729 msgid "Protect more of your digital life"
1732 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1734 "Learn surveillance-resistant technologies for instant messages, hard drive "
1735 "storage, online sharing, and more at <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/"
1736 "wiki/Collection:Privacy_pack\"> the Free Software Directory's Privacy Pack</"
1737 "a> and <a href=\"https://prism-break.org\">prism-break.org</a>."
1740 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1742 "If you are using Windows, macOS or any other proprietary operating system, "
1743 "we recommend you switch to a free software operating system like GNU/Linux. "
1744 "This will make it much harder for attackers to enter your computer through "
1745 "hidden back doors. Check out the Free Software Foundation's <a href="
1746 "\"https://www.gnu.org/distros/free-distros.html\">endorsed versions of GNU/"
1750 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1751 msgid "Optional: Add more email protection with Tor"
1754 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1756 "<a href=\"https://www.torproject.org/about/overview.html.en\">The Onion "
1757 "Router (Tor) network</a> wraps Internet communication in multiple layers of "
1758 "encryption and bounces it around the world several times. When used "
1759 "properly, Tor confuses surveillance field agents and the global surveillance "
1760 "apparatus alike. Using it simultaneously with GnuPG's encryption will give "
1761 "you the best results."
1764 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1766 "To have your email program send and receive email over Tor, install the <a "
1767 "href=\"https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/thunderbird/addon/torbirdy/"
1768 "\">Torbirdy plugin</a> by searching for it through Add-ons."
1771 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1773 "Before beginning to check your email over Tor, make sure you understand <a "
1774 "href=\"https://www.torproject.org/docs/faq.html."
1775 "en#WhatProtectionsDoesTorProvide\"> the security tradeoffs involved</a>. "
1776 "This <a href=\"https://www.eff.org/pages/tor-and-https\">infographic</a> "
1777 "from our friends at the Electronic Frontier Foundation demonstrates how Tor "
1781 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1782 msgid "Section 7: Next Steps"
1785 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1786 msgid "Make Email Self-Defense tools even better"
1789 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1791 "<a href=\"https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review\">Leave "
1792 "feedback and suggest improvements to this guide</a>. We welcome "
1793 "translations, but we ask that you contact us at <a href=\"mailto:"
1794 "campaigns@fsf.org\">campaigns@fsf.org</a> before you start, so that we can "
1795 "connect you with other translators working in your language."
1798 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1800 "If you like programming, you can contribute code to <a href=\"https://www."
1801 "gnupg.org/\">GnuPG</a>."
1804 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1806 "To go the extra mile, support the Free Software Foundation so we can keep "
1807 "improving Email Self-Defense, and make more tools like it."
1810 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li>
1811 msgid "<a href=\"index.html\">Set up guide</a>"
1814 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li>
1815 msgid "<a href=\"workshops.html\" class=\"current\">Teach your friends</a>"
1818 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><div><p>
1820 "We want to translate this guide into more languages, and make a version for "
1821 "encryption on mobile devices. Please donate, and help people around the "
1822 "world take the first step towards protecting their privacy with free "
1826 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><p><a>
1828 "<a href=\"https://crm.fsf.org/civicrm/contribute/transact?reset=1&"
1829 "id=14&pk_campaign=email_self_defense&pk_kwd=guide_donate\">"
1832 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><div><p><a><img>
1833 msgid "View & share our infographic →"
1836 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><p>
1838 "</a> Understanding and setting up email encryption sounds like a daunting "
1839 "task to many people. That's why helping your friends with GnuPG plays such "
1840 "an important role in helping spread encryption. Even if only one person "
1841 "shows up, that's still one more person using encryption who wasn't before. "
1842 "You have the power to help your friends keep their digital love letters "
1843 "private, and teach them about the importance of free software. If you use "
1844 "GnuPG to send and receive encrypted email, you're a perfect candidate for "
1845 "leading a workshop!"
1848 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><p><img>
1849 msgid "A small workshop among friends"
1852 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1853 msgid "<em>#1</em> Get your friends or community interested"
1856 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1858 "If you hear friends grumbling about their lack of privacy, ask them if "
1859 "they're interested in attending a workshop on Email Self-Defense. If your "
1860 "friends don't grumble about privacy, they may need some convincing. You "
1861 "might even hear the classic \"if you've got nothing to hide, you've got "
1862 "nothing to fear\" argument against using encryption."
1865 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1867 "Here are some talking points you can use to help explain why it's worth it "
1868 "to learn GnuPG. Mix and match whichever you think will make sense to your "
1872 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1873 msgid "Strength in numbers"
1876 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1878 "Each person who chooses to resist mass surveillance with encryption makes it "
1879 "easier for others to resist as well. People normalizing the use of strong "
1880 "encryption has multiple powerful effects: it means those who need privacy "
1881 "the most, like potential whistle-blowers and activists, are more likely to "
1882 "learn about encryption. More people using encryption for more things also "
1883 "makes it harder for surveillance systems to single out those that can't "
1884 "afford to be found, and shows solidarity with those people."
1887 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1888 msgid "People you respect may already be using encryption"
1891 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1893 "Many journalists, whistleblowers, activists, and researchers use GnuPG, so "
1894 "your friends might unknowingly have heard of a few people who use it "
1895 "already. You can search for \"BEGIN PUBLIC KEY BLOCK\" + keyword to help "
1896 "make a list of people and organizations who use GnuPG whom your community "
1897 "will likely recognize."
1900 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1901 msgid "Respect your friends' privacy"
1904 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1906 "There's no objective way to judge what constitutes privacy-sensitive "
1907 "correspondence. As such, it's better not to presume that just because you "
1908 "find an email you sent to a friend innocuous, your friend (or a surveillance "
1909 "agent, for that matter!) feels the same way. Show your friends respect by "
1910 "encrypting your correspondence with them."
1913 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1914 msgid "Privacy technology is normal in the physical world"
1917 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1919 "In the physical realm, we take window blinds, envelopes, and closed doors "
1920 "for granted as ways of protecting our privacy. Why should the digital realm "
1924 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1925 msgid "We shouldn't have to trust our email providers with our privacy"
1928 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1930 "Some email providers are very trustworthy, but many have incentives not to "
1931 "protect your privacy and security. To be empowered digital citizens, we need "
1932 "to build our own security from the bottom up."
1935 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1936 msgid "<em>#2</em> Plan The Workshop"
1939 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1941 "Once you've got at least one interested friend, pick a date and start "
1942 "planning out the workshop. Tell participants to bring their computer and ID "
1943 "(for signing each other's keys). If you'd like to make it easy for the "
1944 "participants to use <a href=\"https://theintercept.com/2015/03/26/"
1945 "passphrases-can-memorize-attackers-cant-guess/\">Diceware</a> for choosing "
1946 "passwords, get a pack of dice beforehand. Make sure the location you select "
1947 "has an easily accessible Internet connection, and make backup plans in case "
1948 "the connection stops working on the day of the workshop. Libraries, coffee "
1949 "shops, and community centers make great locations. Try to get all the "
1950 "participants to set up an email client based on Thunderbird before the "
1951 "event. Direct them to their email provider's IT department or help page if "
1952 "they run into errors."
1955 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1957 "Estimate that the workshop will take at least forty minutes plus ten minutes "
1958 "for each participant. Plan extra time for questions and technical glitches."
1961 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1963 "The success of the workshop requires understanding and catering to the "
1964 "unique backgrounds and needs of each group of participants. Workshops should "
1965 "stay small, so that each participant receives more individualized "
1966 "instruction. If more than a handful of people want to participate, keep the "
1967 "facilitator to participant ratio high by recruiting more facilitators, or by "
1968 "facilitating multiple workshops. Small workshops among friends work great!"
1971 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1972 msgid "<em>#3</em> Follow the guide as a group"
1975 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1977 "Work through the Email Self-Defense guide a step at a time as a group. Talk "
1978 "about the steps in detail, but make sure not to overload the participants "
1979 "with minutia. Pitch the bulk of your instructions to the least tech-savvy "
1980 "participants. Make sure all the participants complete each step before the "
1981 "group moves on to the next one. Consider facilitating secondary workshops "
1982 "afterwards for people that had trouble grasping the concepts, or those that "
1983 "grasped them quickly and want to learn more."
1986 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1988 "In <a href=\"index.html#section2\">Section 2</a> of the guide, make sure the "
1989 "participants upload their keys to the same keyserver so that they can "
1990 "immediately download each other's keys later (sometimes there is a delay in "
1991 "synchronization between keyservers). During <a href=\"index."
1992 "html#section3\">Section 3</a>, give the participants the option to send test "
1993 "messages to each other instead of or as well as Edward. Similarly, in <a "
1994 "href=\"index.html#section4\">Section 4</a>, encourage the participants to "
1995 "sign each other's keys. At the end, make sure to remind people to safely "
1996 "back up their revocation certificates."
1999 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
2000 msgid "<em>#4</em> Explain the pitfalls"
2003 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
2005 "Remind participants that encryption works only when it's explicitly used; "
2006 "they won't be able to send an encrypted email to someone who hasn't already "
2007 "set up encryption. Also remind participants to double-check the encryption "
2008 "icon before hitting send, and that subjects and timestamps are never "
2012 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
2014 "Explain the <a href=\"https://www.gnu.org/proprietary/proprietary.html"
2015 "\">dangers of running a proprietary system</a> and advocate for free "
2016 "software, because without it, we can't <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/"
2017 "bulletin/2013/fall/how-can-free-software-protect-us-from-surveillance"
2018 "\">meaningfully resist invasions of our digital privacy and autonomy</a>."
2021 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
2022 msgid "<em>#5</em> Share additional resources"
2025 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
2027 "GnuPG's advanced options are far too complex to teach in a single workshop. "
2028 "If participants want to know more, point out the advanced subsections in the "
2029 "guide and consider organizing another workshop. You can also share <a href="
2030 "\"https://www.gnupg.org/documentation/index.html\">GnuPG's</a> official "
2031 "documentation and mailing lists, and the <a href=\"https://libreplanet.org/"
2032 "wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review\">Email Self-Defense feedback</a> page. Many "
2033 "GNU/Linux distribution's Web sites also contain a page explaining some of "
2034 "GnuPG's advanced features."
2037 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
2038 msgid "<em>#6</em> Follow up"
2041 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
2043 "Make sure everyone has shared email addresses and public key fingerprints "
2044 "before they leave. Encourage the participants to continue to gain GnuPG "
2045 "experience by emailing each other. Send them each an encrypted email one "
2046 "week after the event, reminding them to try adding their public key ID to "
2047 "places where they publicly list their email address."
2050 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
2052 "If you have any suggestions for improving this workshop guide, please let us "
2053 "know at <a href=\"mailto:campaigns@fsf.org\">campaigns@fsf.org</a>."
2056 #~ msgid "<a href=\"/ar\">العربية <span class=\"tip\">tip</span></a>"
2058 #~ "<a class=\"current\" href=\"/ar\">العربية <span class=\"tip\">tip</span></"