1 # Arabic translation of https://emailselfdefense.fsf.org/
2 # Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 # This file is distributed under the same license as the emailselfdefense articles.
4 # Yassir Karroun <ukarroum17@gmail.com>, 2016.
8 "Project-Id-Version: emailselfdefense 4.0\n"
9 "POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-27 19:37+0200\n"
10 "PO-Revision-Date: 2016-02-10 10:12+0100\n"
11 "Last-Translator: Yassir Karroun <ukarroum17@gmail.com>\n"
15 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
16 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
18 #. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <html>
22 #. type: Attribute 'content' of: <html><head><meta>
23 msgid "text/html; charset=utf-8"
26 #. type: Content of: <html><head><title>
28 "Email Self-Defense - a guide to fighting surveillance with GnuPG encryption"
31 #. type: Attribute 'content' of: <html><head><meta>
33 "GnuPG, GPG, openpgp, surveillance, privacy, email, security, GnuPG2, "
37 #. type: Attribute 'content' of: <html><head><meta>
39 "Email surveillance violates our fundamental rights and makes free speech "
40 "risky. This guide will teach you email self-defense in 40 minutes with GnuPG."
43 #. type: Attribute 'content' of: <html><head><meta>
44 msgid "width=device-width, initial-scale=1"
47 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><p>
49 "<strong>Please check your email for a confirmation link now. Thanks for "
50 "joining our list!</strong>"
53 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><p>
55 "If you don't receive the confirmation link, send us an email at info@fsf.org "
56 "to be added manually."
59 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><p><img>
63 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><p>
64 msgid "Join us on microblogging services for day-to-day updates:"
67 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><a>
68 msgid "<a href=\"https://status.fsf.org/fsf\">"
71 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li><a><img>
75 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><a>
77 " GNU Social</a> | <a href=\"https://hostux.social/@fsf\">"
80 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li><a><img>
84 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
86 " Mastodon</a> | <a href=\"https://www.twitter.com/fsf"
90 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><p>
92 "<small><a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/twitter\">Read why GNU Social and "
93 "Mastodon are better than Twitter.</a></small>"
96 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><p>
97 msgid "← Return to <a href=\"index.html\">Email Self-Defense</a>"
100 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><div><h4><a>
101 msgid "<a href=\"https://u.fsf.org/ys\">"
104 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><footer><div><div><h4><a><img>
105 msgid "Free Software Foundation"
106 msgstr "مؤسسة البرمجيات الحرة"
108 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><p>
112 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><div><p>
114 "Copyright © 2014-2021 <a href=\"https://u.fsf.org/ys\">Free Software "
115 "Foundation</a>, Inc. <a href=\"https://my.fsf.org/donate/privacypolicy.html"
116 "\">Privacy Policy</a>. Please support our work by <a href=\"https://u.fsf."
117 "org/yr\">joining us as an associate member.</a>"
120 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><div><p>
122 "The images on this page are under a <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/"
123 "licenses/by/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license (or later "
124 "version)</a>, and the rest of it is under a <a href=\"https://"
125 "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
126 "ShareAlike 4.0 license (or later version)</a>. Download the <a href="
127 "\"https://agpl.fsf.org/emailselfdefense.fsf.org/edward/CURRENT/edward.tar.gz"
128 "\"> source code of Edward reply bot</a> by Andrew Engelbrecht <"
129 "andrew@engelbrecht.io> and Josh Drake <zamnedix@gnu.org>, available "
130 "under the GNU Affero General Public License. <a href=\"https://www.gnu.org/"
131 "licenses/license-list.html#OtherLicenses\">Why these licenses?</a>"
134 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><div><p>
136 "Fonts used in the guide & infographic: <a href=\"https://www.google.com/"
137 "fonts/specimen/Dosis\">Dosis</a> by Pablo Impallari, <a href=\"https://www."
138 "google.com/fonts/specimen/Signika\">Signika</a> by Anna Giedryś, <a "
139 "href=\"https://www.google.com/fonts/specimen/Archivo+Narrow\">Archivo "
140 "Narrow</a> by Omnibus-Type, <a href=\"https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/"
141 "Graphics_Howto#Pitfalls\">PXL-2000</a> by Florian Cramer."
144 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><div><p>
146 "Download the <a href=\"emailselfdefense_source.zip\">source package</a> for "
147 "this guide, including fonts, image source files and the text of Edward's "
151 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><div><p>
153 "This site uses the Weblabels standard for labeling <a href=\"https://www.fsf."
154 "org/campaigns/freejs\">free JavaScript</a>. View the JavaScript <a href="
155 "\"https://weblabels.fsf.org/emailselfdefense.fsf.org/\" rel=\"jslicense"
156 "\">source code and license information</a>."
159 #. type: Content of: <html><body><footer><div><p><a>
161 "Infographic and guide design by <a rel=\"external\" href=\"https://jplusplus."
162 "org\"><strong>Journalism++</strong>"
165 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><footer><div><p><a><img>
169 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><h1>
170 msgid "Email Self-Defense"
173 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li>
175 "<strong><a href=\"https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Translation_Guide"
176 "\"> Translate!</a></strong>"
179 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li>
180 msgid "<a href=\"index.html\" class=\"current\">Set up guide</a>"
183 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li>
184 msgid "<a href=\"workshops.html\">Teach your friends</a>"
187 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li><a>
189 "<a href=\"https://fsf.org/share?u=https://u.fsf.org/zb&t=Email"
190 "%20encryption%20for%20everyone%20via%20%40fsf\"> Share "
193 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li><a>
197 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li><a><img>
201 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li><a><img>
202 msgid "[Hacker News]"
205 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><div><p>
207 "We fight for computer users' rights, and promote the development of free (as "
208 "in freedom) software. Resisting bulk surveillance is very important to us."
210 "نناضل من أجل حقوق مستخدمي الكمبيوتر، ونشجع على تطوير البرمجيات الحرة . إن "
211 "الصمود في وجه مراقبة الجمهور هو أمر مهم بالنسبة لنا."
213 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><div><p>
214 # | [-<strong>We want-]{+<strong>Please donate+} to [-heavily promote tools
215 # | like this in-person and online,-] {+support Email Self-Defense. We need+}
216 # | to [-help as many-] {+keep improving it, and making more materials, for
217 # | the benefit of+} people [-as possible take-] {+around the world taking+}
218 # | the first step towards [-using free software to protect-] {+protecting+}
219 # | their [-privacy. Can you make a donation or become a member to help us
220 # | achieve this goal?</strong>-] {+privacy.</strong>+}
223 #| "<strong>We want to heavily promote tools like this in-person and online, "
224 #| "to help as many people as possible take the first step towards using "
225 #| "free software to protect their privacy. Can you make a donation or "
226 #| "become a member to help us achieve this goal?</strong>"
228 "<strong>Please donate to support Email Self-Defense. We need to keep "
229 "improving it, and making more materials, for the benefit of people around "
230 "the world taking the first step towards protecting their privacy.</strong>"
232 "<strong>نريد ترويج أدوات كهده على الانترنت، لمساعدة أكبر عدد ممكن من الناس "
233 "على اتخاد أول خطوة نحو إستعمال البرمجيات الحرة لحماية خصوصياتهم . هل تستطيع "
234 "أن تتبرع أو تصبح عضوا لمساعدتنا على تحقيق هدا الهدف ؟</strong>"
236 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><a>
238 "<a href=\"https://crm.fsf.org/civicrm/contribute/transact?reset=1&"
239 "id=14&mtm_campaign=email_self_defense&mtm_kwd=guide_donate\">"
242 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><div><p><a><img>
246 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><p><a>
247 msgid "<a id=\"infographic\" href=\"infographic.html\">"
250 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><a><img>
251 msgid "View & share our infographic →"
254 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><p>
255 # | </a> Bulk surveillance violates our fundamental rights and makes free
256 # | speech risky. This guide will teach you a basic surveillance self-defense
257 # | skill: email encryption. Once you've finished, you'll be able to send and
258 # | receive emails that are [-coded-] {+scrambled+} to make sure a
259 # | surveillance agent or thief intercepting your email can't read [-it.-]
260 # | {+them.+} All you need is a computer with an Internet connection, an email
261 # | account, and about [-half an hour.-] {+forty minutes.+}
264 #| "</a> Bulk surveillance violates our fundamental rights and makes free "
265 #| "speech risky. This guide will teach you a basic surveillance self-defense "
266 #| "skill: email encryption. Once you've finished, you'll be able to send and "
267 #| "receive emails that are coded to make sure a surveillance agent or thief "
268 #| "intercepting your email can't read it. All you need is a computer with an "
269 #| "Internet connection, an email account, and about half an hour."
271 "</a> Bulk surveillance violates our fundamental rights and makes free speech "
272 "risky. This guide will teach you a basic surveillance self-defense skill: "
273 "email encryption. Once you've finished, you'll be able to send and receive "
274 "emails that are scrambled to make sure a surveillance agent or thief "
275 "intercepting your email can't read them. All you need is a computer with an "
276 "Internet connection, an email account, and about forty minutes."
279 "إن مراقبة الجمهور تنتهك حقوقنا الأساسية وتهدد حرية التعبير . هدا الدليل "
280 "سيعلمك تقنية بسيطة تمكنك من الدفاع عن نفسك من المراقبة : تشفير البريد "
281 "الالكتروني. فور إتمامك، ستصبح قادر على إرسال وإستقبال رسائل مشفرة التي ستجعل "
282 "من المستحيل على أي مراقب أو قرصان أن يقرأها. كل ما تحتاجه هو حاسوب مرتبط "
283 "بالانترنت، حساب بريد الكتروني ونصف ساعة ."
285 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><p>
286 # | Even if you have nothing to hide, using encryption helps protect the
287 # | privacy of people you communicate with, and makes life difficult for bulk
288 # | surveillance systems. If you do have something important to hide, you're
289 # | in good company; these are the same tools that [-Edward Snowden used-]
290 # | {+whistleblowers use+} to [-share his famous secrets about the NSA.-]
291 # | {+protect their identities while shining light on human rights abuses,
292 # | corruption, and other crimes.+}
295 #| "Even if you have nothing to hide, using encryption helps protect the "
296 #| "privacy of people you communicate with, and makes life difficult for bulk "
297 #| "surveillance systems. If you do have something important to hide, you're "
298 #| "in good company; these are the same tools that Edward Snowden used to "
299 #| "share his famous secrets about the NSA."
301 "Even if you have nothing to hide, using encryption helps protect the privacy "
302 "of people you communicate with, and makes life difficult for bulk "
303 "surveillance systems. If you do have something important to hide, you're in "
304 "good company; these are the same tools that whistleblowers use to protect "
305 "their identities while shining light on human rights abuses, corruption, and "
308 "حتى لو لم يكن لديك ما تخفيه،فان إستعمال التشفير يساعدك على حماية خصوصية "
309 "الناس اللدين تتواصل معهم، وتصعب بدالك مراقبة الجماهير . أما ادا كان لديك "
310 "بالفعل شيء تخفيه، فانت فالمكان المناسب؛ انها نفس الأدوات التي استعملها "
311 "إدوارد سنودن لنشر أسرار وكالة الأمن القومي الأمريكية."
313 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><p>
314 # | In addition to using encryption, standing up to surveillance requires
315 # | fighting politically for a <a
316 # | href=\"http{+s+}://gnu.org/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy.html\">reduction
317 # | in the amount of data collected on us</a>, but the essential first step is
318 # | to protect yourself and make surveillance of your communication as
319 # | difficult as possible. [-Let's get started!-] {+This guide helps you do
320 # | that. It is designed for beginners, but if you already know the basics of
321 # | GnuPG or are an experienced free software user, you'll enjoy the advanced
322 # | tips and the <a href=\"workshops.html\">guide to teaching your
326 #| "In addition to using encryption, standing up to surveillance requires "
327 #| "fighting politically for a <a href=\"http://gnu.org/philosophy/"
328 #| "surveillance-vs-democracy.html\">reduction in the amount of data "
329 #| "collected on us</a>, but the essential first step is to protect yourself "
330 #| "and make surveillance of your communication as difficult as possible. "
331 #| "Let's get started!"
333 "In addition to using encryption, standing up to surveillance requires "
334 "fighting politically for a <a href=\"https://gnu.org/philosophy/surveillance-"
335 "vs-democracy.html\">reduction in the amount of data collected on us</a>, but "
336 "the essential first step is to protect yourself and make surveillance of "
337 "your communication as difficult as possible. This guide helps you do that. "
338 "It is designed for beginners, but if you already know the basics of GnuPG or "
339 "are an experienced free software user, you'll enjoy the advanced tips and "
340 "the <a href=\"workshops.html\">guide to teaching your friends</a>."
342 "بالاضافة إلى إستعمال التشفير، الوقوف أمام وجه المراقبة يستدعي أن نناضل "
343 "سياسيا من أجل <a href=\"http://gnu.org/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy."
344 "html\"> تخفيض كمية المعلومات التي يتم جمعها عنا </a>، لكن الخطوة الأولى تبقى "
345 "أن تحمي نفسك وتصعب قدر الامكان عملية التجسس عليك. فلنبدأ !"
347 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
348 msgid "<em>#1</em> Get the pieces"
351 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
353 "This guide relies on software which is <a href=\"https://www.gnu.org/"
354 "philosophy/free-sw.html\">freely licensed</a>; it's completely transparent "
355 "and anyone can copy it or make their own version. This makes it safer from "
356 "surveillance than proprietary software (like Windows or macOS). Learn more "
357 "about free software at <a href=\"https://u.fsf.org/ys\">fsf.org</a>."
360 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
362 "Most GNU/Linux operating systems come with GnuPG installed on them, so if "
363 "you're running one of these systems, you don't have to download it. If "
364 "you're running macOS or Windows, steps to download GnuPG are below. Before "
365 "configuring your encryption setup with this guide, though, you'll need a "
366 "desktop email program installed on your computer. Many GNU/Linux "
367 "distributions have one installed already, such as Icedove, which may be "
368 "under the alternate name \"Thunderbird.\" Programs like these are another "
369 "way to access the same email accounts you can access in a browser (like "
370 "Gmail), but provide extra features."
373 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
374 msgid "Step 1.A: Install Wizard"
377 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
378 msgid "<em>Step 1.a</em> Set up your email program with your email account"
381 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
383 "Open your email program and follow the wizard (step-by-step walkthrough) "
384 "that sets it up with your email account. This usually starts from \"Account "
385 "Settings\" → \"Add Mail Account\". You should get the email server "
386 "settings from your systems administrator or the help section of your email "
390 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><h4>
391 msgid "Troubleshooting"
394 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
395 msgid "The wizard doesn't launch"
398 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
400 "You can launch the wizard yourself, but the menu option for doing so is "
401 "named differently in each email program. The button to launch it will be in "
402 "the program's main menu, under \"New\" or something similar, titled "
403 "something like \"Add account\" or \"New/Existing email account.\""
406 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
407 msgid "The wizard can't find my account or isn't downloading my mail"
410 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
412 "Before searching the Web, we recommend you start by asking other people who "
413 "use your email system, to figure out the correct settings."
416 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
417 msgid "I can't find the menu"
420 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
422 "In many new email programs, the main menu is represented by an image of "
423 "three stacked horizontal bars."
426 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
427 msgid "Don't see a solution to your problem?"
430 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
432 "Please let us know on the <a href=\"https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/"
433 "Public_Review\">feedback page</a>."
436 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
437 msgid "<em>Step 1.b</em> Install GnuPG"
440 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
442 "If you are using a GNU/Linux machine, you should already have GnuPG "
443 "installed, and you can skip to <a href=\"#section2\">Section 2</a>."
446 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
448 "If you are using a macOS or Windows machine, however, you need to first "
449 "install the GnuPG program. Select your operating system below and follow the "
450 "instructions. For the rest of this guide, the steps are the same for all "
454 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><h4>
458 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
459 msgid "Use a third-party package manager to install GnuPG"
462 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
464 "The default macOS package manager makes it difficult to install GnuPG and "
465 "other pieces of free software (like Emacs, GIMP, or Inkscape). To make "
466 "things easier, we recommend setting up the third-party package manager "
467 "\"Homebrew\" to install GnuPG. For this, we will use a program called "
468 "\"Terminal,\" which is pre-installed on macOS."
471 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
473 "# Copy the first command on the home page of <a href=\"https://brew.sh/"
474 "\">Homebrew</a> by clicking on the clipboard icon, and paste it in Terminal. "
475 "Click \"Enter\" and wait for the installation to finalize."
478 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
479 msgid "# Then install GnuPG by entering the following code in Terminal:"
482 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
483 msgid "<code>brew install gnupg gnupg2</code>"
486 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><h4>
490 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
491 msgid "Get GnuPG by downloading GPG4Win"
494 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
496 "<a href=\"https://www.gpg4win.org/\">GPG4Win</a> is an email and file "
497 "encryption software package that includes GnuPG. Download and install the "
498 "latest version, choosing default options whenever asked. After it's "
499 "installed, you can close any windows that it creates."
502 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
503 msgid "GnuPG, OpenPGP, what?"
506 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
508 "In general, the terms GnuPG, GPG, GNU Privacy Guard, OpenPGP and PGP are "
509 "used interchangeably. Technically, OpenPGP (Pretty Good Privacy) is the "
510 "encryption standard, and GNU Privacy Guard (often shortened to GPG or "
511 "GnuPG) is the program that implements the standard. Most email programs "
512 "provide an interface for GnuPG. There is also a newer version of GnuPG, "
516 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
517 msgid "<em>#2</em> Make your keys"
520 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><p><img>
522 "A robot with a head shaped like a key holding a private and a public key"
525 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
527 "To use the GnuPG system, you'll need a public key and a private key (known "
528 "together as a keypair). Each is a long string of randomly generated numbers "
529 "and letters that are unique to you. Your public and private keys are linked "
530 "together by a special mathematical function."
533 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
535 "Your public key isn't like a physical key, because it's stored in the open "
536 "in an online directory called a keyserver. People download it and use it, "
537 "along with GnuPG, to encrypt emails they send to you. You can think of the "
538 "keyserver as a phonebook; people who want to send you encrypted email can "
539 "look up your public key."
542 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
544 "Your private key is more like a physical key, because you keep it to "
545 "yourself (on your computer). You use GnuPG and your private key together to "
546 "descramble encrypted emails other people send to you. <strong>You should "
547 "never share your private key with anyone, under any circumstances.</strong>"
550 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
552 "In addition to encryption and decryption, you can also use these keys to "
553 "sign messages and check the authenticity of other people's signatures. We'll "
554 "discuss this more in the next section."
557 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
558 msgid "Step 2.A: Make your Keypair"
561 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
562 msgid "Step 2.A: Set your passphrase"
565 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
566 msgid "<em>Step 2.a</em> Make a keypair"
569 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
570 msgid "Make your keypair"
573 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
575 "We will use the command line in a terminal to create a keypair using the "
579 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
581 "Whether on GNU/Linux, macOS or Windows, you can launch your terminal "
582 "(\"Terminal\" in macOS, \"PowerShell\" in Windows) from the Applications "
583 "menu (some GNU/Linux systems respond to the <kbd>Ctrl + Alt + T</kbd> "
587 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
588 msgid "# Enter <code>gpg --full-generate-key</code> to start the process."
591 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
593 "# To answer what kind of key you would like to create, select the default "
594 "option: <samp>1 RSA and RSA</samp>."
597 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
598 msgid "# Enter the following keysize: <code>4096</code> for a strong key."
601 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
602 msgid "# Choose the expiration date; we suggest <code>2y</code> (2 years)."
605 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
606 msgid "Follow the prompts to continue setting up with your personal details."
609 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
610 msgid "Set your passphrase"
613 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
615 "On the screen titled \"Passphrase,\" pick a strong password! You can do it "
616 "manually, or you can use the Diceware method. Doing it manually is faster "
617 "but not as secure. Using Diceware takes longer and requires dice, but "
618 "creates a password that is much harder for attackers to figure out. To use "
619 "it, read the section \"Make a secure passphrase with Diceware\" in <a href="
620 "\"https://theintercept.com/2015/03/26/passphrases-can-memorize-attackers-"
621 "cant-guess/\"> this article</a> by Micah Lee."
624 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
626 "If you'd like to pick a passphrase manually, come up with something you can "
627 "remember which is at least twelve characters long, and includes at least one "
628 "lower case and upper case letter and at least one number or punctuation "
629 "symbol. Never pick a password you've used elsewhere. Don't use any "
630 "recognizable patterns, such as birthdays, telephone numbers, pets' names, "
631 "song lyrics, quotes from books, and so on."
634 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
635 msgid "GnuPG is not installed"
638 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
640 "You can check if this is the case with the command <code>gpg --version</"
641 "code>. If GnuPG is not installed, it will bring up the following "
642 "result on most GNU/Linux operating systems, or something like it: "
643 "<samp>Command 'gpg' not found, but can be installed with: sudo apt install "
644 "gnupg</samp>. Follow that command and install the program."
647 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
648 msgid "<i>gpg --full-generate-key</i> command not working"
651 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
653 "Some distributions use a different version of GPG. When you receive an error "
654 "code that is something along the lines of: <samp>gpg: Invalid option \"--"
655 "full-generate-key\"</samp>, you can try the following commands:"
658 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
659 msgid "<code>sudo apt update</code>"
662 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
663 msgid "<code>sudo apt install gnupg2</code>"
666 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
667 msgid "<code>gpg2 --full-generate-key</code>"
670 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
672 "If this resolved the issue, you need to continue to use the gpg2 identifier "
673 "instead of gpg throughout the following steps of the guide."
676 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
677 msgid "I took too long to create my passphrase"
680 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
682 "That's okay. It's important to think about your passphrase. When you're "
683 "ready, just follow the steps from the beginning again to create your key."
686 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
687 msgid "How can I see my key?"
690 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
692 "Use the following command to see all keys: <code>gpg --list-keys</"
693 "code>. Yours should be listed in there, and later, so will Edward's "
694 "(<a href=\"#section3\">Section 3</a>)."
697 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
699 "If you want to see only your key, you can use <code>gpg --list-key "
700 "[your@email]</code>."
703 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
705 "You can also use <code>gpg --list-secret-key</code> to see your own private "
709 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
710 msgid "More resources"
713 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
715 "For more information about this process, you can also refer to <a href="
716 "\"https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/c14.html#AEN25\">The GNU Privacy "
717 "Handbook</a>. Make sure you stick with \"RSA and RSA\" (the default), "
718 "because it's newer and more secure than the algorithms the documentation "
719 "recommends. Also make sure your key is at least 4096 bits if you want "
723 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><h4>
727 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
728 msgid "Advanced key pairs"
731 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
733 "When GnuPG creates a new keypair, it compartmentalizes the encryption "
734 "function from the signing function through <a href=\"https://wiki.debian.org/"
735 "Subkeys\">subkeys</a>. If you use subkeys carefully, you can keep your GnuPG "
736 "identity more secure and recover from a compromised key much more quickly. "
737 "<a href=\"https://alexcabal.com/creating-the-perfect-gpg-keypair/\">Alex "
738 "Cabal</a> and <a href=\"https://keyring.debian.org/creating-key.html\">the "
739 "Debian wiki</a> provide good guides for setting up a secure subkey "
743 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
744 msgid "Step 2.B: Send to server and generate a certificate"
747 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
748 msgid "<em>Step 2.b</em> Some important steps following creation"
751 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
752 msgid "Upload your key to a keyserver"
755 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
757 "We will upload your key to a keyserver, so if someone wants to send you an "
758 "encrypted message, they can download your public key from the Internet. "
759 "There are multiple keyservers that you can select from the menu when you "
760 "upload, but they are all copies of each other, so it doesn't matter which "
761 "one you use. However, it sometimes takes a few hours for them to match each "
762 "other when a new key is uploaded."
765 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
767 "# Copy your keyID: <code>gpg --list-key [your@email]</code> will list your "
768 "public (\"pub\") key information, including your keyID, which is a unique "
769 "list of numbers and letters. Copy this keyID, so you can use it in the "
773 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
774 msgid "# Upload your key to a server: <code>gpg --send-key [keyID]</code>"
777 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
778 msgid "Export your key to a file"
781 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
783 "Use the following command to export your secret key so you can import it "
784 "into your email client at the next <a href=\"#section3\">step</a>. To avoid "
785 "getting your key compromised, store this in a safe place, and make sure that "
786 "if it is transferred, it is done so in a trusted way. Exporting your keys "
787 "can be done with the following commands:"
790 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><code>
791 msgid "<code> $ gpg --export-secret-keys -a [keyID] > my_secret_key.asc"
794 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
795 msgid "$ gpg --export -a [keyID] > my_public_key.asc </code>"
798 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
799 msgid "Generate a revocation certificate"
802 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
804 "Just in case you lose your key, or it gets compromised, you want to generate "
805 "a certificate and choose to save it in a safe place on your computer for now "
806 "(please refer to <a href=\"#step-6c\">Step 6.C</a> for how to best store "
807 "your revocation cerficate safely). This step is essential for your email "
808 "self-defense, as you'll learn more about in <a href=\"#section5\">Section 5</"
812 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
814 "# Generate a revocation certificate: <code>gpg --gen-revoke --output revoke."
818 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
820 "# It will prompt you to give a reason for revocation, we recommend to use "
821 "<samp>1 = key has been compromised</samp>."
824 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
826 "# You don't have to fill in a reason, but you can; then press \"Enter\" for "
827 "an empty line, and confirm your selection."
830 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
831 msgid "Sending my key to the keyserver is not working"
834 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
836 "Instead of using the general command to upload your key to the keyserver, "
837 "you can use a more specific command and add the keyserver to your command "
838 "<code>gpg --keyserver keys.openpgp.org --send-key [key id]</code>."
841 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
842 msgid "My key doesn't seem to be working or I get a \"permission denied.\""
845 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
847 "Like every other file or folder, gpg keys are subject to permissions. If "
848 "these are not set correctly, your system may not be accepting your keys. You "
849 "can follow the next steps to check, and update to the right permissions."
852 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
853 msgid "# Check your permissions: <code>ls -l ~/.gnupg/*</code>"
856 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
858 "# Set permissions to read, write, execute for only yourself, no others. "
859 "These are the recommended permissions for your folder."
862 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
863 msgid "You can use the code: <code>chmod 700 ~/.gnupg</code>"
866 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
868 "# Set permissions to read and write for yourself only, no others. These are "
869 "the recommended permissions for the keys inside your folder."
872 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
873 msgid "You can use the code: <code>chmod 600 ~/.gnupg/*</code>"
876 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
878 "If you have (for any reason) created your own folders inside ~/.gnupg, you "
879 "must also additionally apply execute permissions to that folder. Folders "
880 "require execution privileges to be opened. For more information on "
881 "permissions, you can check out <a href=\"https://helpdeskgeek.com/linux-tips/"
882 "understanding-linux-permissions-chmod-usage/\">this detailed information "
886 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
887 msgid "More about keyservers"
890 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
892 "You can find some more keyserver information<a href=\"https://www.gnupg.org/"
893 "gph/en/manual/x457.html\"> in this manual</a>. <a href=\"https://sks-"
894 "keyservers.net/overview-of-pools.php\">The sks Web site</a> maintains a list "
895 "of highly interconnected keyservers. You can also <a href=\"https://www."
896 "gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x56.html#AEN64\">directly export your key</a> as a "
897 "file on your computer."
900 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
901 msgid "Transferring your keys"
904 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
906 "Use the following commands to transfer your keys. To avoid getting your key "
907 "compromised, store it in a safe place, and make sure that if it is "
908 "transferred, it is done so in a trusted way. Importing and exporting a key "
909 "can be done with the following commands:"
912 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p><code>
913 msgid "<code> $ gpg --export-secret-keys -a [keyID] > my_private_key.asc"
916 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p><code>
917 msgid "$ gpg --export -a [keyID] > my_public_key.asc"
920 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p><code>
921 msgid "$ gpg --import my_private_key.asc"
924 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
925 msgid "$ gpg --import my_public_key.asc </code>"
928 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
930 "Ensure that the keyID printed is the correct one, and if so, then go ahead "
931 "and add ultimate trust for it:"
934 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
935 msgid "<code> $ gpg --edit-key [your@email] </code>"
938 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
940 "Because this is your key, you should choose <code>ultimate</code>. "
941 "You shouldn't trust anyone else's key ultimately."
944 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd><p>
946 "Refer to <a href=\"#step-2b\">Troubleshooting in Step 2.B</a> for more "
947 "information on permissions. When transferring keys, your permissions may get "
948 "mixed, and errors may be prompted. These are easily avoided when your "
949 "folders and files have the right permissions"
952 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
953 msgid "<em>#3</em> Set up email encryption"
956 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
958 "The Icedove (or Thunderbird) email program has PGP functionality integrated, "
959 "which makes it pretty easy to work with. We'll take you through the steps of "
960 "integrating and using your key in these email clients."
963 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
964 msgid "Step 3.A: Email Menu"
967 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
968 msgid "Step 3.A: Import From File"
971 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
972 msgid "Step 3.A: Success"
975 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
976 msgid "Step 3.A: Troubleshoot"
979 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
980 msgid "<em>Step 3.a</em> Set up your email with encryption"
983 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
985 "Once you have set up your email with encryption, you can start contributing "
986 "to encrypted traffic on the Internet. First we'll get your email client to "
987 "import your secret key, and we will also learn how to get other people's "
988 "public keys from servers so you can send and receive encrypted email."
991 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
993 "# Open your email client and use \"Tools\" → <i>OpenPGP Key Manager</i>"
996 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
997 msgid "# Under \"File\" → <i>Import Secret Key(s) From File</i>"
1000 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1002 "# Select the file you saved under the name [my_secret_key.asc] in <a href="
1003 "\"#step-2b\">Step 2.B</a> when you exported your key"
1006 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1007 msgid "# Unlock with your passphrase"
1010 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1012 "# You will receive a \"OpenPGP keys successfully imported\" window to "
1016 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1018 "# Go to \"Account settings\" → \"End-To-End Encryption,\" and make sure "
1019 "your key is imported and select <i>Treat this key as a Personal Key</i>."
1022 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1023 msgid "I'm not sure the import worked correctly"
1026 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1028 "Look for \"Account settings\" → \"End-To-End Encryption.\" Here you can "
1029 "see if your personal key associated with this email is found. If it is not, "
1030 "you can try again via the <i>Add key</i> option. Make sure you have the "
1031 "correct, active, secret key file."
1034 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1035 msgid "<em>#4</em> Try it out!"
1038 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><p><img>
1039 msgid "Illustration of a person in a house with a cat connected to a server"
1042 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1044 "Now you'll try a test correspondence with an FSF computer program named "
1045 "Edward, who knows how to use encryption. Except where noted, these are the "
1046 "same steps you'd follow when corresponding with a real, live person."
1049 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1050 msgid "Step 4.A Send key to Edward."
1053 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1054 msgid "<em>Step 4.a</em> Send Edward your public key"
1057 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1059 "This is a special step that you won't have to do when corresponding with "
1060 "real people. In your email program's menu, go to \"Tools\" → \"OpenPGP "
1061 "Key Manager.\" You should see your key in the list that pops up. Right click "
1062 "on your key and select <i>Send Public Keys by Email</i>. This will create a "
1063 "new draft message, as if you had just hit the \"Write\" button, but in the "
1064 "attachment you will find your public keyfile."
1067 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1069 "Address the message to <a href=\"mailto:edward-en@fsf.org\">edward-en@fsf."
1070 "org</a>. Put at least one word (whatever you want) in the subject and body "
1071 "of the email. Don't send yet."
1074 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1076 "We want Edward to be able to open the email with your keyfile, so we want "
1077 "this first special message to be unencrypted. Make sure encryption is turned "
1078 "off by using the dropdown menu \"Security\" and select <i>Do Not Encrypt</"
1079 "i>. Once encryption is off, hit Send."
1082 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1084 "It may take two or three minutes for Edward to respond. In the meantime, you "
1085 "might want to skip ahead and check out the <a href=\"#section6\">Use it "
1086 "Well</a> section of this guide. Once you have received a response, head to "
1087 "the next step. From here on, you'll be doing just the same thing as when "
1088 "corresponding with a real person."
1091 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1093 "When you open Edward's reply, GnuPG may prompt you for your passphrase "
1094 "before using your private key to decrypt it."
1097 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1098 msgid "Step 4.B Option 1. Verify key"
1101 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1102 msgid "Step 4.B Option 2. Import key"
1105 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1106 msgid "<em>Step 4.b</em> Send a test encrypted email"
1109 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
1110 msgid "Get Edward's key"
1113 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1115 "To encrypt an email to Edward, you need its public key, so now you'll have "
1116 "to download it from a keyserver. You can do this in two different ways:"
1119 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1121 "<strong>Option 1.</strong> In the email answer you received from Edward as a "
1122 "response to your first email, Edward's public key was included. On the right "
1123 "of the email, just above the writing area, you will find an \"OpenPGP\" "
1124 "button that has a lock and a little wheel next to it. Click that, and select "
1125 "<i>Discover</i> next to the text: \"This message was signed with a key that "
1126 "you don't yet have.\" A popup with Edward's key details will follow."
1129 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1131 "<strong>Option 2.</strong> Open your OpenPGP Key manager, and under "
1132 "\"Keyserver\" choose <i>Discover Keys Online</i>. Here, fill in Edward's "
1133 "email address, and import Edward's key."
1136 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1138 "The option <i>Accepted (unverified)</i> will add this key to your key "
1139 "manager, and now it can be used to send encrypted emails and to verify "
1140 "digital signatures from Edward."
1143 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1145 "In the popup window confirming if you want to import Edward's key, you'll "
1146 "see many different emails that are all associated with its key. This is "
1147 "correct; you can safely import the key."
1150 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1152 "Since you encrypted this email with Edward's public key, Edward's private "
1153 "key is required to decrypt it. Edward is the only one with its private key, "
1154 "so no one except Edward can decrypt it."
1157 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h4>
1158 msgid "Send Edward an encrypted email"
1161 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1163 "Write a new email in your email program, addressed to <a href=\"mailto:"
1164 "edward-en@fsf.org\">edward-en@fsf.org</a>. Make the subject \"Encryption test"
1165 "\" or something similar and write something in the body."
1168 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1170 "This time, make sure encryption is turned on by using the dropdown menu "
1171 "\"Security\" and select <i>Require Encryption</i>. Once encryption is on, "
1175 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1176 msgid "\"Recipients not valid, not trusted or not found\""
1179 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1181 "You could get the above error message, or something along these lines: "
1182 "\"Unable to send this message with end-to-end encryption, because there are "
1183 "problems with the keys of the following recipients: ...\" In these cases, "
1184 "you may be trying to send an encrypted email to someone when you do not have "
1185 "their public key yet. Make sure you follow the steps above to import the key "
1186 "to your key manager. Open the OpenPGP Key Manager to make sure the recipient "
1190 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1191 msgid "Unable to send message"
1194 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1196 "You could get the following message when trying to send your encrypted "
1197 "email: \"Unable to send this message with end-to-end encryption, because "
1198 "there are problems with the keys of the following recipients: edward-en@fsf."
1199 "org.\" This usually means you imported the key with the \"unaccepted "
1200 "(unverified) option.\" Go to the \"key properties\" of this key by right "
1201 "clicking on the key in the OpenPGP Key Manager, and select the option "
1202 "<i>Yes, but I have not verified that this is the correct key</i> in the "
1203 "\"Acceptance\" option at the bottom of this window. Resend the email."
1206 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1207 msgid "I can't find Edward's key"
1210 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1212 "Close the pop-ups that have appeared since you clicked Send. Make sure you "
1213 "are connected to the Internet and try again. If that doesn't work, you can "
1214 "download the key manually from <a href=\"https://keys.openpgp.org/search?"
1215 "q=edward-en%40fsf.org\">the keyserver</a>, and import it by using the "
1216 "<i>Import Public Key(s) from File</i> option in the OpenPGP Key Manager."
1219 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1220 msgid "Unscrambled messages in the Sent folder"
1223 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1225 "Even though you can't decrypt messages encrypted to someone else's key, your "
1226 "email program will automatically save a copy encrypted to your public key, "
1227 "which you'll be able to view from the Sent folder like a normal email. This "
1228 "is normal, and it doesn't mean that your email was not sent encrypted."
1231 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1232 msgid "Encrypt messages from the command line"
1235 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1237 "You can also encrypt and decrypt messages and files from the <a href="
1238 "\"https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x110.html\">command line</a>, if "
1239 "that's your preference. The option --armor makes the encrypted output appear "
1240 "in the regular character set."
1243 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1244 msgid "<em>Important:</em> Security tips"
1247 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1249 "Even if you encrypt your email, the subject line is not encrypted, so don't "
1250 "put private information there. The sending and receiving addresses aren't "
1251 "encrypted either, so a surveillance system can still figure out who you're "
1252 "communicating with. Also, surveillance agents will know that you're using "
1253 "GnuPG, even if they can't figure out what you're saying. When you send "
1254 "attachments, you can choose to encrypt them or not, independent of the "
1258 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1260 "For greater security against potential attacks, you can turn off HTML. "
1261 "Instead, you can render the message body as plain text. In order to do this "
1262 "in Icedove or Thunderbird, go to \"View\" → \"Message Body As\" → "
1263 "<i>Plain Text</i>."
1266 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1267 msgid "Step 4.C Edward's response"
1270 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1271 msgid "<em>Step 4.c</em> Receive a response"
1274 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1276 "When Edward receives your email, it will use its private key to decrypt it, "
1277 "then reply to you."
1280 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1282 "It may take two or three minutes for Edward to respond. In the meantime, you "
1283 "might want to skip ahead and check out the <a href=\"#section6\">Use it "
1284 "Well</a> section of this guide."
1287 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1289 "Edward will send you an encrypted email back saying your email was received "
1290 "and decrypted. Your email client will automatically decrypt Edward's message."
1293 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1295 "The OpenPGP button in the email will show a little green checkmark over the "
1296 "lock symbol to show the message is encrypted, and a little orange warning "
1297 "sign which means that you have accepted the key, but not verified it. When "
1298 "you have not yet accepted the key, you will see a little question mark "
1299 "there. Clicking the prompts in this button will lead you to key properties "
1303 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1304 msgid "<em>Step 4.d</em> Send a signed test email"
1307 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1309 "GnuPG includes a way for you to sign messages and files, verifying that they "
1310 "came from you and that they weren't tampered with along the way. These "
1311 "signatures are stronger than their pen-and-paper cousins -- they're "
1312 "impossible to forge, because they're impossible to create without your "
1313 "private key (another reason to keep your private key safe)."
1316 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1318 "You can sign messages to anyone, so it's a great way to make people aware "
1319 "that you use GnuPG and that they can communicate with you securely. If they "
1320 "don't have GnuPG, they will be able to read your message and see your "
1321 "signature. If they do have GnuPG, they'll also be able to verify that your "
1322 "signature is authentic."
1325 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1327 "To sign an email to Edward, compose any message to the email address and "
1328 "click the pencil icon next to the lock icon so that it turns gold. If you "
1329 "sign a message, GnuPG may ask you for your password before it sends the "
1330 "message, because it needs to unlock your private key for signing."
1333 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1335 "In \"Account Settings\" → \"End-To-End-Encryption\" you can opt to "
1336 "<i>add digital signature by default</i>."
1339 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1340 msgid "<em>Step 4.e</em> Receive a response"
1343 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1345 "When Edward receives your email, he will use your public key (which you sent "
1346 "him in <a href=\"#step-3a\">Step 3.A</a>) to verify the message you sent has "
1347 "not been tampered with and to encrypt a reply to you."
1350 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1352 "Edward's reply will arrive encrypted, because he prefers to use encryption "
1353 "whenever possible. If everything goes according to plan, it should say "
1354 "\"Your signature was verified.\" If your test signed email was also "
1355 "encrypted, he will mention that first."
1358 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1360 "When you receive Edward's email and open it, your email client will "
1361 "automatically detect that it is encrypted with your public key, and then it "
1362 "will use your private key to decrypt it."
1365 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1366 msgid "<em>#5</em> Learn about the Web of Trust"
1369 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><p><img>
1370 msgid "Illustration of keys all interconnected with a web of lines"
1373 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1375 "Email encryption is a powerful technology, but it has a weakness: it "
1376 "requires a way to verify that a person's public key is actually theirs. "
1377 "Otherwise, there would be no way to stop an attacker from making an email "
1378 "address with your friend's name, creating keys to go with it, and "
1379 "impersonating your friend. That's why the free software programmers that "
1380 "developed email encryption created keysigning and the Web of Trust."
1383 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1385 "When you sign someone's key, you are publicly saying that you've verified "
1386 "that it belongs to them and not someone else."
1389 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1391 "Signing keys and signing messages use the same type of mathematical "
1392 "operation, but they carry very different implications. It's a good practice "
1393 "to generally sign your email, but if you casually sign people's keys, you "
1394 "may accidentally end up vouching for the identity of an imposter."
1397 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1399 "People who use your public key can see who has signed it. Once you've used "
1400 "GnuPG for a long time, your key may have hundreds of signatures. You can "
1401 "consider a key to be more trustworthy if it has many signatures from people "
1402 "that you trust. The Web of Trust is a constellation of GnuPG users, "
1403 "connected to each other by chains of trust expressed through signatures."
1406 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1407 msgid "Section 5: trusting a key"
1410 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1411 msgid "<em>Step 5.a</em> Sign a key"
1414 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1416 "In your email program's menu, go to OpenPGP Key Manager and select <i>Key "
1417 "properties</i> by right clicking on Edward's key."
1420 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1422 "Under \"Your Acceptance,\" you can select <i>Yes, I've verified in person "
1423 "this key has the correct fingerprint\"</i>."
1426 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1428 "You've just effectively said \"I trust that Edward's public key actually "
1429 "belongs to Edward.\" This doesn't mean much because Edward isn't a real "
1430 "person, but it's good practice, and for real people it is important. You can "
1431 "read more about signing a person's key in the <a href=\"#check-ids-before-"
1432 "signing\">check IDs before signing</a> section."
1435 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1436 msgid "Identifying keys: Fingerprints and IDs"
1439 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1441 "People's public keys are usually identified by their key fingerprint, which "
1442 "is a string of digits like F357AA1A5B1FA42CFD9FE52A9FF2194CC09A61E8 (for "
1443 "Edward's key). You can see the fingerprint for your public key, and other "
1444 "public keys saved on your computer, by going to OpenPGP Key Management in "
1445 "your email program's menu, then right clicking on the key and choosing Key "
1446 "Properties. It's good practice to share your fingerprint wherever you share "
1447 "your email address, so that people can double-check that they have the "
1448 "correct public key when they download yours from a keyserver."
1451 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1453 "You may also see public keys referred to by a shorter keyID. This keyID is "
1454 "visible directly from the Key Management window. These eight character "
1455 "keyIDs were previously used for identification, which used to be safe, but "
1456 "is no longer reliable. You need to check the full fingerprint as part of "
1457 "verifying you have the correct key for the person you are trying to contact. "
1458 "Spoofing, in which someone intentionally generates a key with a fingerprint "
1459 "whose final eight characters are the same as another, is unfortunately "
1463 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1464 msgid "<em>Important:</em> What to consider when signing keys"
1467 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1469 "Before signing a person's key, you need to be confident that it actually "
1470 "belongs to them, and that they are who they say they are. Ideally, this "
1471 "confidence comes from having interactions and conversations with them over "
1472 "time, and witnessing interactions between them and others. Whenever signing "
1473 "a key, ask to see the full public key fingerprint, and not just the shorter "
1474 "keyID. If you feel it's important to sign the key of someone you've just "
1475 "met, also ask them to show you their government identification, and make "
1476 "sure the name on the ID matches the name on the public key."
1479 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dt>
1480 msgid "Master the Web of Trust"
1483 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><dl><dd>
1485 "Unfortunately, trust does not spread between users the way <a href=\"https://"
1486 "fennetic.net/irc/finney.org/~hal/web_of_trust.html\">many people think</a>. "
1487 "One of the best ways to strengthen the GnuPG community is to deeply <a href="
1488 "\"https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x334.html\">understand</a> the Web of "
1489 "Trust and to carefully sign as many people's keys as circumstances permit."
1492 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1493 msgid "<em>#6</em> Use it well"
1496 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1498 "Everyone uses GnuPG a little differently, but it's important to follow some "
1499 "basic practices to keep your email secure. Not following them, you risk the "
1500 "privacy of the people you communicate with, as well as your own, and damage "
1504 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1505 msgid "Section 6: Use it Well (1)"
1508 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1509 msgid "When should I encrypt? When should I sign?"
1512 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1514 "The more you can encrypt your messages, the better. If you only encrypt "
1515 "emails occasionally, each encrypted message could raise a red flag for "
1516 "surveillance systems. If all or most of your email is encrypted, people "
1517 "doing surveillance won't know where to start. That's not to say that only "
1518 "encrypting some of your email isn't helpful -- it's a great start and it "
1519 "makes bulk surveillance more difficult."
1522 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1524 "Unless you don't want to reveal your own identity (which requires other "
1525 "protective measures), there's no reason not to sign every message, whether "
1526 "or not you are encrypting. In addition to allowing those with GnuPG to "
1527 "verify that the message came from you, signing is a non-intrusive way to "
1528 "remind everyone that you use GnuPG and show support for secure "
1529 "communication. If you often send signed messages to people that aren't "
1530 "familiar with GnuPG, it's nice to also include a link to this guide in your "
1531 "standard email signature (the text kind, not the cryptographic kind)."
1534 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1535 msgid "Section 6: Use it Well (2)"
1538 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1539 msgid "Be wary of invalid keys"
1542 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1544 "GnuPG makes email safer, but it's still important to watch out for invalid "
1545 "keys, which might have fallen into the wrong hands. Email encrypted with "
1546 "invalid keys might be readable by surveillance programs."
1549 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1551 "In your email program, go back to the first encrypted email that Edward sent "
1552 "you. Because Edward encrypted it with your public key, it will have a green "
1553 "checkmark a at the top \"OpenPGP\" button."
1556 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1558 "<strong>When using GnuPG, make a habit of glancing at that button. The "
1559 "program will warn you there if you get an email signed with a key that can't "
1560 "be trusted.</strong>"
1563 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1564 msgid "Copy your revocation certificate to somewhere safe"
1567 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1569 "Remember when you created your keys and saved the revocation certificate "
1570 "that GnuPG made? It's time to copy that certificate onto the safest storage "
1571 "that you have -- a flash drive, disk, or hard drive stored in a safe place "
1572 "in your home could work, not on a device you carry with you regularly. The "
1573 "safest way we know is actually to print the revocation certificate and store "
1574 "it in a safe place."
1577 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1579 "If your private key ever gets lost or stolen, you'll need this certificate "
1580 "file to let people know that you are no longer using that keypair."
1583 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1584 msgid "<em>IMPORTANT:</em> ACT SWIFTLY if someone gets your private key"
1587 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1589 "If you lose your private key or someone else gets a hold of it (say, by "
1590 "stealing or cracking your computer), it's important to revoke it immediately "
1591 "before someone else uses it to read your encrypted email or forge your "
1592 "signature. This guide doesn't cover how to revoke a key, but you can follow "
1593 "these <a href=\"https://www.hackdiary.com/2004/01/18/revoking-a-gpg-key/"
1594 "\">instructions</a>. After you're done revoking, make a new key and send an "
1595 "email to everyone with whom you usually use your key to make sure they know, "
1596 "including a copy of your new key."
1599 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1600 msgid "Webmail and GnuPG"
1603 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1605 "When you use a web browser to access your email, you're using webmail, an "
1606 "email program stored on a distant website. Unlike webmail, your desktop "
1607 "email program runs on your own computer. Although webmail can't decrypt "
1608 "encrypted email, it will still display it in its encrypted form. If you "
1609 "primarily use webmail, you'll know to open your email client when you "
1610 "receive a scrambled email."
1613 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1614 msgid "Make your public key part of your online identity"
1617 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1619 "First add your public key fingerprint to your email signature, then compose "
1620 "an email to at least five of your friends, telling them you just set up "
1621 "GnuPG and mentioning your public key fingerprint. Link to this guide and ask "
1622 "them to join you. Don't forget that there's also an awesome <a href="
1623 "\"infographic.html\">infographic to share.</a>"
1626 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1628 "Start writing your public key fingerprint anywhere someone would see your "
1629 "email address: your social media profiles, blog, Website, or business card. "
1630 "(At the Free Software Foundation, we put ours on our <a href=\"https://fsf."
1631 "org/about/staff\">staff page</a>.) We need to get our culture to the point "
1632 "that we feel like something is missing when we see an email address without "
1633 "a public key fingerprint."
1636 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1637 msgid "<a href=\"next_steps.html\">Great job! Check out the next steps.</a>"
1640 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><p>
1641 msgid "← Read the <a href=\"index.html\">full guide</a>"
1644 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><h3><a>
1646 "<a href=\"https://fsf.org/share?u=https://u.fsf.org/zc&t=How%20public-key"
1647 "%20encryption%20works.%20Infographic%20via%20%40fsf\">"
1650 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><h3>
1651 msgid " Share our infographic </a> with the hashtag #EmailSelfDefense"
1654 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><p><img>
1655 msgid "View & share our infographic"
1658 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><h1>
1662 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1663 msgid "<em>#7</em> Next steps"
1666 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1668 "You've now completed the basics of email encryption with GnuPG, taking "
1669 "action against bulk surveillance. These next steps will help make the most "
1670 "of the work you've done."
1673 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1674 msgid "← <a href=\"index.html\">Return to the guide</a>"
1677 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1678 msgid "Join the movement"
1681 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1683 "You've just taken a huge step towards protecting your privacy online. But "
1684 "each of us acting alone isn't enough. To topple bulk surveillance, we need "
1685 "to build a movement for the autonomy and freedom of all computer users. Join "
1686 "the Free Software Foundation's community to meet like-minded people and work "
1687 "together for change."
1690 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1692 "<small>Read <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/twitter\">why GNU Social and "
1693 "Mastodon are better than Twitter</a>, and <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/"
1694 "facebook\">why we don't use Facebook</a>.</small>"
1697 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><p>
1698 msgid "Low-volume mailing list"
1701 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><form>
1703 "<input type=\"text\" value=\"Type your email...\" name=\"email-Primary\" id="
1704 "\"frmEmail\" /> <input type=\"submit\" value=\"Add me\" name=\"_qf_Edit_next"
1705 "\" /> <input type=\"hidden\" value=\"https://emailselfdefense.fsf.org/en/"
1706 "confirmation.html\" name=\"postURL\" /> <input type=\"hidden\" value=\"1\" "
1707 "name=\"group[25]\" /> <input type=\"hidden\" value=\"https://my.fsf.org/"
1708 "civicrm/profile?reset=1&gid=391\" name=\"cancelURL\" /> <input type="
1709 "\"hidden\" value=\"Edit:cancel\" name=\"_qf_default\" />"
1712 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><div><p>
1714 "<small>Read our <a href=\"https://my.fsf.org/donate/privacypolicy.html"
1715 "\">privacy policy</a>.</small>"
1718 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1719 msgid "Bring Email Self-Defense to new people"
1722 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1724 "Understanding and setting up email encryption is a daunting task for many. "
1725 "To welcome them, make it easy to find your public key and offer to help with "
1726 "encryption. Here are some suggestions:"
1729 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><ul><li>
1731 "# Lead an Email Self-Defense workshop for your friends and community, using "
1732 "our <a href=\"workshops.html\">teaching guide</a>."
1735 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><ul><li>
1737 "# Use <a href=\"https://fsf.org/share?u=https://u.fsf.org/zb&t=Encrypt"
1738 "%20with%20me%20using%20Email%20Self-Defense%20%40fsf\"> our sharing page</a> "
1739 "to compose a message to a few friends and ask them to join you in using "
1740 "encrypted email. Remember to include your GnuPG public key fingerprint so "
1741 "they can easily download your key."
1744 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><ul><li>
1746 "# Add your public key fingerprint anywhere that you normally display your "
1747 "email address. Some good places are: your email signature (the text kind, "
1748 "not the cryptographic kind), social media profiles, blogs, Web sites, or "
1749 "business cards. At the Free Software Foundation, we put ours on our <a href="
1750 "\"https://fsf.org/about/staff\">staff page</a>."
1753 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1754 msgid "Protect more of your digital life"
1757 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1759 "Learn surveillance-resistant technologies for instant messages, hard drive "
1760 "storage, online sharing, and more at <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/"
1761 "wiki/Collection:Privacy_pack\"> the Free Software Directory's Privacy Pack</"
1762 "a> and <a href=\"https://prism-break.org\">prism-break.org</a>."
1765 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1767 "If you are using Windows, macOS or any other proprietary operating system, "
1768 "we recommend you switch to a free software operating system like GNU/Linux. "
1769 "This will make it much harder for attackers to enter your computer through "
1770 "hidden back doors. Check out the Free Software Foundation's <a href="
1771 "\"https://www.gnu.org/distros/free-distros.html\">endorsed versions of GNU/"
1775 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1776 msgid "Optional: Add more email protection with Tor"
1779 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1781 "<a href=\"https://www.torproject.org/about/overview.html.en\">The Onion "
1782 "Router (Tor) network</a> wraps Internet communication in multiple layers of "
1783 "encryption and bounces it around the world several times. When used "
1784 "properly, Tor confuses surveillance field agents and the global surveillance "
1785 "apparatus alike. Using it simultaneously with GnuPG's encryption will give "
1786 "you the best results."
1789 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1791 "To have your email program send and receive email over Tor, install the <a "
1792 "href=\"https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/thunderbird/addon/torbirdy/"
1793 "\">Torbirdy plugin</a> by searching for it through Add-ons."
1796 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1798 "Before beginning to check your email over Tor, make sure you understand <a "
1799 "href=\"https://www.torproject.org/docs/faq.html."
1800 "en#WhatProtectionsDoesTorProvide\"> the security tradeoffs involved</a>. "
1801 "This <a href=\"https://www.eff.org/pages/tor-and-https\">infographic</a> "
1802 "from our friends at the Electronic Frontier Foundation demonstrates how Tor "
1806 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p><img>
1807 msgid "Section 7: Next Steps"
1810 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1811 msgid "Make Email Self-Defense tools even better"
1814 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1816 "<a href=\"https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review\">Leave "
1817 "feedback and suggest improvements to this guide</a>. We welcome "
1818 "translations, but we ask that you contact us at <a href=\"mailto:"
1819 "campaigns@fsf.org\">campaigns@fsf.org</a> before you start, so that we can "
1820 "connect you with other translators working in your language."
1823 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1825 "If you like programming, you can contribute code to <a href=\"https://www."
1826 "gnupg.org/\">GnuPG</a>."
1829 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1831 "To go the extra mile, support the Free Software Foundation so we can keep "
1832 "improving Email Self-Defense, and make more tools like it."
1835 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li>
1836 msgid "<a href=\"index.html\">Set up guide</a>"
1839 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><ul><li>
1840 msgid "<a href=\"workshops.html\" class=\"current\">Teach your friends</a>"
1843 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><div><p>
1845 "We want to translate this guide into more languages, and make a version for "
1846 "encryption on mobile devices. Please donate, and help people around the "
1847 "world take the first step towards protecting their privacy with free "
1851 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><p><a>
1853 "<a href=\"https://crm.fsf.org/civicrm/contribute/transact?reset=1&"
1854 "id=14&pk_campaign=email_self_defense&pk_kwd=guide_donate\">"
1857 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><header><div><div><p><a><img>
1858 msgid "View & share our infographic →"
1861 #. type: Content of: <html><body><header><div><div><p>
1863 "</a> Understanding and setting up email encryption sounds like a daunting "
1864 "task to many people. That's why helping your friends with GnuPG plays such "
1865 "an important role in helping spread encryption. Even if only one person "
1866 "shows up, that's still one more person using encryption who wasn't before. "
1867 "You have the power to help your friends keep their digital love letters "
1868 "private, and teach them about the importance of free software. If you use "
1869 "GnuPG to send and receive encrypted email, you're a perfect candidate for "
1870 "leading a workshop!"
1873 #. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <html><body><section><div><div><p><img>
1874 msgid "A small workshop among friends"
1877 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1878 msgid "<em>#1</em> Get your friends or community interested"
1881 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1883 "If you hear friends grumbling about their lack of privacy, ask them if "
1884 "they're interested in attending a workshop on Email Self-Defense. If your "
1885 "friends don't grumble about privacy, they may need some convincing. You "
1886 "might even hear the classic \"if you've got nothing to hide, you've got "
1887 "nothing to fear\" argument against using encryption."
1890 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1892 "Here are some talking points you can use to help explain why it's worth it "
1893 "to learn GnuPG. Mix and match whichever you think will make sense to your "
1897 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1898 msgid "Strength in numbers"
1901 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1903 "Each person who chooses to resist mass surveillance with encryption makes it "
1904 "easier for others to resist as well. People normalizing the use of strong "
1905 "encryption has multiple powerful effects: it means those who need privacy "
1906 "the most, like potential whistle-blowers and activists, are more likely to "
1907 "learn about encryption. More people using encryption for more things also "
1908 "makes it harder for surveillance systems to single out those that can't "
1909 "afford to be found, and shows solidarity with those people."
1912 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1913 msgid "People you respect may already be using encryption"
1916 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1918 "Many journalists, whistleblowers, activists, and researchers use GnuPG, so "
1919 "your friends might unknowingly have heard of a few people who use it "
1920 "already. You can search for \"BEGIN PUBLIC KEY BLOCK\" + keyword to help "
1921 "make a list of people and organizations who use GnuPG whom your community "
1922 "will likely recognize."
1925 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1926 msgid "Respect your friends' privacy"
1929 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1931 "There's no objective way to judge what constitutes privacy-sensitive "
1932 "correspondence. As such, it's better not to presume that just because you "
1933 "find an email you sent to a friend innocuous, your friend (or a surveillance "
1934 "agent, for that matter!) feels the same way. Show your friends respect by "
1935 "encrypting your correspondence with them."
1938 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1939 msgid "Privacy technology is normal in the physical world"
1942 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1944 "In the physical realm, we take window blinds, envelopes, and closed doors "
1945 "for granted as ways of protecting our privacy. Why should the digital realm "
1949 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><h3>
1950 msgid "We shouldn't have to trust our email providers with our privacy"
1953 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><div><p>
1955 "Some email providers are very trustworthy, but many have incentives not to "
1956 "protect your privacy and security. To be empowered digital citizens, we need "
1957 "to build our own security from the bottom up."
1960 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1961 msgid "<em>#2</em> Plan The Workshop"
1964 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1966 "Once you've got at least one interested friend, pick a date and start "
1967 "planning out the workshop. Tell participants to bring their computer and ID "
1968 "(for signing each other's keys). If you'd like to make it easy for the "
1969 "participants to use <a href=\"https://theintercept.com/2015/03/26/"
1970 "passphrases-can-memorize-attackers-cant-guess/\">Diceware</a> for choosing "
1971 "passwords, get a pack of dice beforehand. Make sure the location you select "
1972 "has an easily accessible Internet connection, and make backup plans in case "
1973 "the connection stops working on the day of the workshop. Libraries, coffee "
1974 "shops, and community centers make great locations. Try to get all the "
1975 "participants to set up an email client based on Thunderbird before the "
1976 "event. Direct them to their email provider's IT department or help page if "
1977 "they run into errors."
1980 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1982 "Estimate that the workshop will take at least forty minutes plus ten minutes "
1983 "for each participant. Plan extra time for questions and technical glitches."
1986 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
1988 "The success of the workshop requires understanding and catering to the "
1989 "unique backgrounds and needs of each group of participants. Workshops should "
1990 "stay small, so that each participant receives more individualized "
1991 "instruction. If more than a handful of people want to participate, keep the "
1992 "facilitator to participant ratio high by recruiting more facilitators, or by "
1993 "facilitating multiple workshops. Small workshops among friends work great!"
1996 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
1997 msgid "<em>#3</em> Follow the guide as a group"
2000 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
2002 "Work through the Email Self-Defense guide a step at a time as a group. Talk "
2003 "about the steps in detail, but make sure not to overload the participants "
2004 "with minutia. Pitch the bulk of your instructions to the least tech-savvy "
2005 "participants. Make sure all the participants complete each step before the "
2006 "group moves on to the next one. Consider facilitating secondary workshops "
2007 "afterwards for people that had trouble grasping the concepts, or those that "
2008 "grasped them quickly and want to learn more."
2011 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
2013 "In <a href=\"index.html#section2\">Section 2</a> of the guide, make sure the "
2014 "participants upload their keys to the same keyserver so that they can "
2015 "immediately download each other's keys later (sometimes there is a delay in "
2016 "synchronization between keyservers). During <a href=\"index."
2017 "html#section3\">Section 3</a>, give the participants the option to send test "
2018 "messages to each other instead of or as well as Edward. Similarly, in <a "
2019 "href=\"index.html#section4\">Section 4</a>, encourage the participants to "
2020 "sign each other's keys. At the end, make sure to remind people to safely "
2021 "back up their revocation certificates."
2024 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
2025 msgid "<em>#4</em> Explain the pitfalls"
2028 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
2030 "Remind participants that encryption works only when it's explicitly used; "
2031 "they won't be able to send an encrypted email to someone who hasn't already "
2032 "set up encryption. Also remind participants to double-check the encryption "
2033 "icon before hitting send, and that subjects and timestamps are never "
2037 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
2039 "Explain the <a href=\"https://www.gnu.org/proprietary/proprietary.html"
2040 "\">dangers of running a proprietary system</a> and advocate for free "
2041 "software, because without it, we can't <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/"
2042 "bulletin/2013/fall/how-can-free-software-protect-us-from-surveillance"
2043 "\">meaningfully resist invasions of our digital privacy and autonomy</a>."
2046 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
2047 msgid "<em>#5</em> Share additional resources"
2050 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
2052 "GnuPG's advanced options are far too complex to teach in a single workshop. "
2053 "If participants want to know more, point out the advanced subsections in the "
2054 "guide and consider organizing another workshop. You can also share <a href="
2055 "\"https://www.gnupg.org/documentation/index.html\">GnuPG's</a> official "
2056 "documentation and mailing lists, and the <a href=\"https://libreplanet.org/"
2057 "wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review\">Email Self-Defense feedback</a> page. Many "
2058 "GNU/Linux distribution's Web sites also contain a page explaining some of "
2059 "GnuPG's advanced features."
2062 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><h2>
2063 msgid "<em>#6</em> Follow up"
2066 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
2068 "Make sure everyone has shared email addresses and public key fingerprints "
2069 "before they leave. Encourage the participants to continue to gain GnuPG "
2070 "experience by emailing each other. Send them each an encrypted email one "
2071 "week after the event, reminding them to try adding their public key ID to "
2072 "places where they publicly list their email address."
2075 #. type: Content of: <html><body><section><div><div><p>
2077 "If you have any suggestions for improving this workshop guide, please let us "
2078 "know at <a href=\"mailto:campaigns@fsf.org\">campaigns@fsf.org</a>."
2082 #~| msgid "<a class=\"current\" href=\"/en\">English - v4.0</a>"
2083 #~ msgid "<a class=\"current\" href=\"/en\">English - v5.0</a>"
2084 #~ msgstr "<a href=\"/en\">English - v4.0</a>"
2086 #~ msgid "<a href=\"/ar\">العربية <span class=\"tip\">tip</span></a>"
2088 #~ "<a class=\"current\" href=\"/ar\">العربية <span class=\"tip\">tip</span></"