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bdf319c4 | 1 | <!DOCTYPE html> |
c35c9b77 | 2 | <html lang="en"> |
116f80c3 | 3 | <head> |
39c89f44 TG |
4 | <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> |
5 | <title>Email Self-Defense - a guide to fighting surveillance with GnuPG | |
6 | encryption</title> | |
7 | <meta name="keywords" content="GnuPG, GPG, openpgp, surveillance, privacy, | |
8 | email, Enigmail" /> | |
9 | <meta name="description" content="Email surveillance violates our fundamental | |
10 | rights and makes free speech risky. This guide will teach you email | |
70f3b176 | 11 | self-defense in 40 minutes with GnuPG." /> |
39c89f44 TG |
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116f80c3 | 16 | </head> |
39c89f44 | 17 | |
0ff9aef3 | 18 | <body> |
b3eff1c4 | 19 | |
39c89f44 TG |
20 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ GnuPG Header and introduction text ~~~~~~~~~ --> |
21 | <header class="row" id="header"><div> | |
116f80c3 | 22 | |
39c89f44 | 23 | <h1>Email Self-Defense</h1> |
116f80c3 | 24 | |
39c89f44 TG |
25 | <!-- Language list for browsers that do not have JS enabled --> |
26 | <ul id="languages" class="os"> | |
e897555f | 27 | <li><a class="current" href="/en">English - v4.0</a></li> |
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48 | </ul> |
49 | ||
50 | <ul id="menu" class="os"> | |
51 | <li class="spacer"><a href="index.html" class="current">GNU/Linux</a></li> | |
52 | <li><a href="mac.html">Mac OS</a></li> | |
53 | <li><a href="windows.html">Windows</a></li> | |
360881f1 I |
54 | <li class="spacer"><a href="workshops.html">Teach your friends</a></li> |
55 | <li class="spacer"><a | |
56 | href="https://fsf.org/share?u=https://u.fsf.org/zb&t=Email encryption for everyone via %40fsf"> | |
57 | Share | |
58 | <img src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/gnu-social.png" class="share-logo" | |
39c89f44 | 59 | alt="[GNU Social]" /> |
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60 | <img src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/mastodon.png" class="share-logo" |
61 | alt="[Mastodon]" /> | |
360881f1 | 62 | <img src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/reddit-alien.png" class="share-logo" |
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65 | alt="[Hacker News]" /></a></li> | |
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66 | </ul> |
67 | ||
68 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ FSF Introduction ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
69 | <div id="fsf-intro"> | |
70 | ||
71 | <h3><a href="http://u.fsf.org/ys"><img | |
72 | alt="Free Software Foundation" | |
73 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/fsf-logo.png" /> | |
74 | </a></h3> | |
75 | ||
76 | <div class="fsf-emphasis"> | |
77 | ||
78 | <p>We fight for computer users' rights, and promote the development of free (as | |
79 | in freedom) software. Resisting bulk surveillance is very important to us.</p> | |
80 | ||
81 | <p><strong>Please donate to support Email Self-Defense. We need to keep | |
82 | improving it, and making more materials, for the benefit of people around | |
83 | the world taking the first step towards protecting their privacy.</strong></p> | |
84 | ||
85 | </div> | |
86 | ||
87 | <p><a | |
88 | href="https://crm.fsf.org/civicrm/contribute/transact?reset=1&id=14&pk_campaign=email_self_defense&pk_kwd=guide_donate"><img | |
89 | alt="Donate" | |
90 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/donate.png" /></a></p> | |
91 | ||
92 | </div><!-- End #fsf-intro --> | |
93 | ||
94 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Guide Introduction ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
95 | <div class="intro"> | |
96 | ||
97 | <p><a id="infographic" href="infographic.html"><img | |
98 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/infographic-button.png" | |
99 | alt="View & share our infographic →" /></a> | |
100 | Bulk surveillance violates our fundamental rights and makes free speech | |
dc99427b TG |
101 | risky. This guide will teach you a basic surveillance self-defense skill: email |
102 | encryption. Once you've finished, you'll be able to send and receive emails | |
103 | that are scrambled to make sure a surveillance agent or thief intercepting | |
104 | your email can't read them. All you need is a computer with an Internet | |
105 | connection, an email account, and about forty minutes.</p> | |
39c89f44 TG |
106 | |
107 | <p>Even if you have nothing to hide, using encryption helps protect the privacy | |
108 | of people you communicate with, and makes life difficult for bulk surveillance | |
109 | systems. If you do have something important to hide, you're in good company; | |
110 | these are the same tools that whistleblowers use to protect their identities | |
111 | while shining light on human rights abuses, corruption and other crimes.</p> | |
112 | ||
113 | <p>In addition to using encryption, standing up | |
114 | to surveillance requires fighting politically for a <a | |
115 | href="http://gnu.org/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy.html">reduction | |
116 | in the amount of data collected on us</a>, but the essential first step is | |
117 | to protect yourself and make surveillance of your communication as difficult | |
118 | as possible. This guide helps you do that. It is designed for beginners, but | |
119 | if you already know the basics of GnuPG or are an experienced free software | |
120 | user, you'll enjoy the advanced tips and the <a href="workshops.html">guide | |
121 | to teaching your friends</a>.</p> | |
122 | ||
123 | </div><!-- End .intro --> | |
124 | </div></header><!-- End #header --> | |
125 | ||
126 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Section 1: Get the pieces ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
127 | <section class="row" id="section1"><div> | |
128 | ||
129 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ section introduction: interspersed text ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
130 | <div class="section-intro"> | |
131 | ||
132 | <h2><em>#1</em> Get the pieces</h2> | |
133 | ||
134 | <p class="notes">This guide relies on software which is <a | |
135 | href="https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html">freely licensed</a>; | |
136 | it's completely transparent and anyone can copy it or make their | |
137 | own version. This makes it safer from surveillance than proprietary | |
138 | software (like Windows). Learn more about free software at <a | |
139 | href="https://u.fsf.org/ys">fsf.org</a>.</p> | |
140 | ||
141 | <p>Most GNU/Linux operating systems come with GnuPG installed on them, | |
142 | so you don't have to download it. Before configuring GnuPG though, you'll | |
143 | need the IceDove desktop email program installed on your computer. Most | |
144 | GNU/Linux distributions have IceDove installed already, though it may be | |
145 | under the alternate name "Thunderbird." Email programs are another way to | |
146 | access the same email accounts you can access in a browser (like Gmail), | |
147 | but provide extra features.</p> | |
148 | ||
149 | <p>If you already have an email program, you can skip to <a | |
150 | href="#step-1b">Step 1.b</a>.</p> | |
151 | ||
152 | </div><!-- End .section-intro --> | |
153 | ||
154 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
155 | <div id="step-1a" class="step"> | |
156 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
157 | ||
158 | <p><img | |
159 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/step1a-install-wizard.png" | |
160 | alt="Step 1.A: Install Wizard" /></p> | |
161 | ||
162 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
163 | <div class="main"> | |
164 | ||
165 | <h3><em>Step 1.a</em> Set up your email program with your email account</h3> | |
166 | ||
167 | <p>Open your email program and follow the wizard (step-by-step walkthrough) | |
168 | that sets it up with your email account.</p> | |
169 | ||
170 | <p>Look for the letters SSL, TLS, or STARTTLS to the right of the servers | |
171 | when you're setting up your account. If you don't see them, you will still | |
172 | be able to use encryption, but this means that the people running your email | |
173 | system are running behind the industry standard in protecting your security | |
174 | and privacy. We recommend that you send them a friendly email asking them | |
175 | to enable SSL, TLS, or STARTTLS for your email server. They will know what | |
176 | you're talking about, so it's worth making the request even if you aren't | |
177 | an expert on these security systems.</p> | |
178 | ||
179 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
180 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
181 | ||
182 | <h4>Troubleshooting</h4> | |
183 | ||
184 | <dl> | |
185 | <dt>The wizard doesn't launch</dt> | |
186 | <dd>You can launch the wizard yourself, but the menu option for doing so is | |
187 | named differently in each email program. The button to launch it will be in | |
188 | the program's main menu, under "New" or something similar, titled something | |
189 | like "Add account" or "New/Existing email account."</dd> | |
190 | ||
191 | <dt>The wizard can't find my account or isn't downloading my mail</dt> | |
192 | <dd>Before searching the Web, we recommend you start by asking other people | |
193 | who use your email system, to figure out the correct settings.</dd> | |
194 | ||
195 | <dt class="feedback">Don't see a solution to your problem?</dt> | |
196 | <dd class="feedback">Please let us know on the <a | |
197 | href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review">feedback | |
198 | page</a>.</dd> | |
199 | </dl> | |
200 | ||
201 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
202 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
203 | </div><!-- End #step1-a .step --> | |
204 | ||
205 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
206 | <div id="step-1b" class="step"> | |
207 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
39c89f44 | 208 | <ul class="images"> |
360881f1 | 209 | <li><img src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/step1b-01-tools-addons.png" |
39c89f44 | 210 | alt="Step 1.B: Tools -> Add-ons" /></li> |
360881f1 | 211 | <li><img src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/step1b-02-search.png" |
39c89f44 | 212 | alt="Step 1.B: Search Add-ons" /></li> |
360881f1 | 213 | <li><img src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/step1b-03-install.png" |
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214 | alt="Step 1.B: Install Add-ons" /></li> |
215 | </ul> | |
216 | ||
217 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
218 | <div class="main"> | |
219 | ||
220 | <h3><em>Step 1.b</em> Install the Enigmail plugin for your email program</h3> | |
221 | ||
222 | <p>In your email program's menu, select Add-ons (it may be in the Tools | |
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223 | section). Make sure Extensions is selected on the left. Do you see Enigmail? |
224 | Make sure it's the latest version. If so, skip this step.</p> | |
39c89f44 TG |
225 | |
226 | <p>If not, search "Enigmail" with the search bar in the upper right. You | |
227 | can take it from here. Restart your email program when you're done.</p> | |
228 | ||
5c3bffbe TG |
229 | <p>There are major security flaws in versions of GnuPG prior to 2.2.8, and |
230 | Enigmail prior to 2.0.7. Make sure you have GnuPG 2.2.8 and Enigmail 2.0.7, | |
231 | or later versions.</p> | |
2d0627cb | 232 | |
39c89f44 TG |
233 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> |
234 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
235 | ||
236 | <h4>Troubleshooting</h4> | |
237 | ||
238 | <dl> | |
239 | <dt>I can't find the menu.</dt> | |
240 | <dd>In many new email programs, the main menu is represented by an image of | |
241 | three stacked horizontal bars.</dd> | |
242 | ||
243 | <dt>My email looks weird</dt> | |
244 | <dd>Enigmail doesn't tend to play nice with HTML, which is used to format | |
245 | emails, so it may disable your HTML formatting automatically. To send an | |
246 | HTML-formatted email without encryption or a signature, hold down the Shift | |
247 | key when you select compose. You can then write an email as if Enigmail | |
248 | wasn't there.</dd> | |
249 | ||
250 | <dt class="feedback">Don't see a solution to your problem?</dt> | |
251 | <dd class="feedback">Please let us know on the <a | |
252 | href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review">feedback | |
253 | page</a>.</dd> | |
254 | </dl> | |
255 | ||
256 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
257 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
258 | </div><!-- End #step-1b .step --> | |
259 | </div></section><!-- End #section1 --> | |
260 | ||
261 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Section 2: Make your keys ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
262 | <section class="row" id="section2"><div> | |
263 | ||
264 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ section introduction: interspersed text ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
265 | <div class="section-intro"> | |
266 | ||
267 | <h2><em>#2</em> Make your keys</h2> | |
268 | ||
269 | <p>To use the GnuPG system, you'll need a public key and a private key (known | |
270 | together as a keypair). Each is a long string of randomly generated numbers | |
271 | and letters that are unique to you. Your public and private keys are linked | |
272 | together by a special mathematical function.</p> | |
273 | ||
274 | <p>Your public key isn't like a physical key, because it's stored in the open | |
275 | in an online directory called a keyserver. People download it and use it, | |
276 | along with GnuPG, to encrypt emails they send to you. You can think of the | |
277 | keyserver as a phonebook; people who want to send you encrypted email can | |
278 | look up your public key.</p> | |
279 | ||
280 | <p>Your private key is more like a physical key, because you keep it to | |
281 | yourself (on your computer). You use GnuPG and your private key together to | |
282 | descramble encrypted emails other people send to you. <span style="font-weight: | |
c226604b | 283 | bold;">You should never share your private key with anyone, under any |
39c89f44 TG |
284 | circumstances.</span></p> |
285 | ||
286 | <p>In addition to encryption and decryption, you can also use these keys to | |
287 | sign messages and check the authenticity of other people's signatures. We'll | |
288 | discuss this more in the next section.</p> | |
289 | ||
290 | </div><!-- End .section-intro --> | |
291 | ||
292 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
293 | <div id="step-2a" class="step"> | |
294 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
295 | ||
296 | <p><img | |
297 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/step2a-01-make-keypair.png" | |
298 | alt="Step 2.A: Make a Keypair" /></p> | |
299 | ||
300 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
301 | <div class="main"> | |
302 | ||
303 | <h3><em>Step 2.a</em> Make a keypair</h3> | |
304 | ||
305 | <p>The Enigmail Setup wizard may start automatically. If it doesn't, select | |
306 | Enigmail → Setup Wizard from your email program's menu. You don't need | |
307 | to read the text in the window that pops up unless you'd like to, but it's | |
308 | good to read the text on the later screens of the wizard. Click Next with | |
309 | the default options selected, except in these instances, which are listed | |
310 | in the order they appear:</p> | |
311 | ||
312 | <ul> | |
313 | <li>On the screen titled "Encryption," select "Encrypt all of my messages | |
314 | by default, because privacy is critical to me."</li> | |
315 | ||
316 | <li>On the screen titled "Signing," select "Don't sign my messages by | |
317 | default."</li> | |
318 | ||
319 | <li>On the screen titled "Key Selection," select "I want to create a new | |
320 | key pair for signing and encrypting my email."</li> | |
321 | ||
322 | <li>On the screen titled "Create Key," pick a strong password! You can | |
323 | do it manually, or you can use the Diceware method. Doing it manually | |
324 | is faster but not as secure. Using Diceware takes longer and requires | |
1ed1c6a3 | 325 | dice, but creates a password that is much harder for attackers to figure |
39c89f44 | 326 | out. To use it, read the section "Make a secure passphrase with Diceware" in <a |
360881f1 I |
327 | href="https://theintercept.com/2015/03/26/passphrases-can-memorize-attackers-cant-guess/"> |
328 | this article</a> by Micah Lee.</li> | |
39c89f44 TG |
329 | </ul> |
330 | ||
331 | <p>If you'd like to pick a password manually, come up with something | |
332 | you can remember which is at least twelve characters long, and includes | |
333 | at least one lower case and upper case letter and at least one number or | |
334 | punctuation symbol. Never pick a password you've used elsewhere. Don't use | |
335 | any recognizable patterns, such as birthdays, telephone numbers, pets' names, | |
336 | song lyrics, quotes from books, and so on.</p> | |
337 | ||
338 | <p class="notes">The program will take a little while to finish the next | |
339 | step, the "Key Creation" screen. While you wait, do something else with your | |
340 | computer, like watching a movie or browsing the Web. The more you use the | |
341 | computer at this point, the faster the key creation will go.</p> | |
342 | ||
343 | <p><span style="font-weight: bold;">When the "Key Generation Completed" screen | |
344 | pops up, select Generate Certificate and choose to save it in a safe place on | |
345 | your computer (we recommend making a folder called "Revocation Certificate" | |
346 | in your home folder and keeping it there). This step is essential for your | |
347 | email self-defense, as you'll learn more about in <a href="#section5">Section | |
348 | 5</a>.</span></p> | |
349 | ||
350 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
351 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
352 | ||
353 | <h4>Troubleshooting</h4> | |
354 | ||
355 | <dl> | |
356 | <dt>I can't find the Enigmail menu.</dt> | |
357 | <dd>In many new email programs, the main menu is represented by an image | |
358 | of three stacked horizontal bars. Enigmail may be inside a section called | |
359 | Tools.</dd> | |
360 | ||
361 | <dt>The wizard says that it cannot find GnuPG.</dt> | |
362 | <dd>Open whatever program you usually use for installing software, and search | |
363 | for GnuPG, then install it. Then restart the Enigmail setup wizard by going | |
364 | to Enigmail → Setup Wizard.</dd> | |
365 | ||
39c89f44 TG |
366 | <dt>More resources</dt> |
367 | <dd>If you're having trouble with our | |
368 | instructions or just want to learn more, check out <a | |
a3e7fb7e | 369 | href="https://www.enigmail.net/documentation/Key_Management#Generating_your_own_key_pair"> |
360881f1 | 370 | Enigmail's wiki instructions for key generation</a>.</dd> |
39c89f44 TG |
371 | |
372 | <dt class="feedback">Don't see a solution to your problem?</dt> | |
373 | <dd class="feedback">Please let us know on the <a | |
374 | href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review">feedback | |
375 | page</a>.</dd> | |
376 | </dl> | |
377 | ||
378 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
379 | ||
380 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
381 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
382 | ||
383 | <h4>Advanced</h4> | |
384 | ||
385 | <dl> | |
386 | <dt>Command line key generation</dt> | |
387 | <dd>If you prefer using the command line for a higher | |
388 | degree of control, you can follow the documentation from <a | |
389 | href="https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/c14.html#AEN25">The GNU Privacy | |
390 | Handbook</a>. Make sure you stick with "RSA and RSA" (the default), | |
391 | because it's newer and more secure than the algorithms the documentation | |
392 | recommends. Also make sure your key is at least 2048 bits, or 4096 if you | |
393 | want to be extra secure.</dd> | |
394 | ||
395 | <dt>Advanced key pairs</dt> | |
396 | <dd>When GnuPG creates a new keypair, it compartmentalizes | |
397 | the encryption function from the signing function through <a | |
398 | href="https://wiki.debian.org/Subkeys">subkeys</a>. If you use | |
399 | subkeys carefully, you can keep your GnuPG identity much more | |
400 | secure and recover from a compromised key much more quickly. <a | |
401 | href="https://alexcabal.com/creating-the-perfect-gpg-keypair/">Alex Cabal</a> | |
402 | and <a href="http://keyring.debian.org/creating-key.html">the Debian wiki</a> | |
403 | provide good guides for setting up a secure subkey configuration.</dd> | |
404 | </dl> | |
405 | ||
406 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
407 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
408 | </div><!-- End #step-2a .step --> | |
409 | ||
410 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
411 | <div id="step-2b" class="step"> | |
412 | <div class="main"> | |
413 | ||
414 | <h3><em>Step 2.b</em> Upload your public key to a keyserver</h3> | |
415 | ||
416 | <p>In your email program's menu, select Enigmail → Key Management.</p> | |
417 | ||
c226604b TG |
418 | <p>Right click on your key and select Upload Public Keys to Keyserver. You |
419 | don't have to use the default keyserver. If, after research, you would like | |
420 | to change to a different default keyserver, you can change that setting | |
421 | manually in the Enigmail preferences.</p> | |
39c89f44 TG |
422 | |
423 | <p class="notes">Now someone who wants to send you an encrypted message can | |
424 | download your public key from the Internet. There are multiple keyservers | |
425 | that you can select from the menu when you upload, but they are all copies | |
426 | of each other, so it doesn't matter which one you use. However, it sometimes | |
427 | takes a few hours for them to match each other when a new key is uploaded.</p> | |
428 | ||
429 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
430 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
431 | ||
432 | <h4>Troubleshooting</h4> | |
433 | ||
434 | <dl> | |
435 | <dt>The progress bar never finishes</dt> | |
436 | <dd>Close the upload popup, make sure you are connected to the Internet, | |
437 | and try again. If that doesn't work, try again, selecting a different | |
438 | keyserver.</dd> | |
439 | ||
440 | <dt>My key doesn't appear in the list</dt> | |
441 | <dd>Try checking "Display All Keys by Default."</dd> | |
442 | ||
443 | <dt>More documentation</dt> | |
444 | <dd>If you're having trouble with our | |
445 | instructions or just want to learn more, check out <a | |
a3e7fb7e | 446 | href="https://www.enigmail.net/documentation/Key_Management#Distributing_your_public_key"> |
360881f1 | 447 | Enigmail's documentation</a>.</dd> |
39c89f44 TG |
448 | |
449 | <dt class="feedback">Don't see a solution to your problem?</dt> | |
450 | <dd class="feedback">Please let us know on the <a | |
451 | href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review">feedback | |
452 | page</a>.</dd> | |
453 | </dl> | |
454 | ||
455 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
456 | ||
457 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
458 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
459 | ||
460 | <h4>Advanced</h4> | |
461 | ||
462 | <dl> | |
463 | <dt>Uploading a key from the command line</dt> | |
464 | <dd>You can also upload your keys to a keyserver through the <a | |
465 | href="https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x457.html">command line</a>. <a | |
466 | href="https://sks-keyservers.net/overview-of-pools.php">The sks Web site</a> | |
467 | maintains a list of highly interconnected keyservers. You can also <a | |
468 | href="https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x56.html#AEN64">directly export | |
469 | your key</a> as a file on your computer.</dd> | |
470 | </dl> | |
471 | ||
472 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
473 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
474 | </div><!-- End #step-2b .step --> | |
475 | ||
476 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
477 | <div id="terminology" class="step"> | |
478 | <div class="main"> | |
479 | ||
480 | <h3>GnuPG, OpenPGP, what?</h3> | |
481 | ||
482 | <p>In general, the terms GnuPG, GPG, GNU Privacy Guard, OpenPGP and PGP | |
483 | are used interchangeably. Technically, OpenPGP (Pretty Good Privacy) is the | |
484 | encryption standard, and GNU Privacy Guard (often shortened to GPG or GnuPG) | |
485 | is the program that implements the standard. Enigmail is a plug-in program | |
486 | for your email program that provides an interface for GnuPG.</p> | |
487 | ||
488 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
489 | </div><!-- End #terminology.step--> | |
490 | </div></section><!-- End #section2 --> | |
491 | ||
492 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Section 3: Try it out ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
493 | <section class="row" id="section3"><div> | |
494 | ||
495 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ section introduction: interspersed text ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
496 | <div class="section-intro"> | |
497 | ||
498 | <h2><em>#3</em> Try it out!</h2> | |
499 | ||
500 | <p>Now you'll try a test correspondence with a computer program named Edward, | |
501 | who knows how to use encryption. Except where noted, these are the same | |
502 | steps you'd follow when corresponding with a real, live person.</p> | |
503 | ||
504 | <!-- <p>NOTE: Edward is currently having some technical difficulties, so he | |
505 | may take a long time to respond, or not respond at all. We're sorry about | |
506 | this and we're working hard to fix it. Your key will still work even without | |
507 | testing with Edward.</p> --> | |
508 | </div><!-- End .section-intro --> | |
509 | ||
510 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
511 | <div id="step-3a" class="step"> | |
512 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
513 | ||
514 | <p><img | |
515 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/section3-try-it-out.png" | |
516 | alt="Try it out." /></p> | |
517 | ||
518 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
519 | <div class="main"> | |
520 | ||
521 | <h3><em>Step 3.a</em> Send Edward your public key</h3> | |
522 | ||
523 | <p>This is a special step that you won't have to do when corresponding | |
524 | with real people. In your email program's menu, go to Enigmail → Key | |
525 | Management. You should see your key in the list that pops up. Right click | |
526 | on your key and select Send Public Keys by Email. This will create a new | |
527 | draft message, as if you had just hit the Write button.</p> | |
528 | ||
529 | <p>Address the message to <a | |
530 | href="mailto:edward-en@fsf.org">edward-en@fsf.org</a>. Put at least one word | |
531 | (whatever you want) in the subject and body of the email. Don't send yet.</p> | |
532 | ||
533 | <p>The lock icon in the top left should be yellow, meaning encryption is | |
534 | turned on. We want this first special message to be unencrypted, so | |
535 | click the icon once to turn it off. The lock should become grey, with a | |
536 | blue dot on it (to alert you that the setting has been changed from the | |
537 | default). Once encryption is off, hit Send.</p> | |
538 | ||
539 | <p class="notes">It may take two or three minutes for Edward to | |
540 | respond. In the meantime, you might want to skip ahead and check out the <a | |
541 | href="#section5">Use it Well</a> section of this guide. Once he's responded, | |
542 | head to the next step. From here on, you'll be doing just the same thing as | |
543 | when corresponding with a real person.</p> | |
544 | ||
545 | <p>When you open Edward's reply, GnuPG may prompt you for your password | |
546 | before using your private key to decrypt it.</p> | |
547 | ||
548 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
549 | </div><!-- End #step-3a .step --> | |
550 | ||
551 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
552 | <div id="step-3b" class="step"> | |
553 | <div class="main"> | |
554 | ||
555 | <h3><em>Step 3.b</em> Send a test encrypted email</h3> | |
556 | ||
557 | <p>Write a new email in your email program, addressed to <a | |
558 | href="mailto:edward-en@fsf.org">edward-en@fsf.org</a>. Make the subject | |
559 | "Encryption test" or something similar and write something in the body.</p> | |
560 | ||
561 | <p>The lock icon in the top left of the window should be yellow, meaning | |
562 | encryption is on. This will be your default from now on.</p> | |
563 | ||
564 | <p class="notes">Next to the lock, you'll notice an icon of a pencil. We'll | |
565 | get to this in a moment.</p> | |
566 | ||
567 | <p>Click Send. Enigmail will pop up a window that says "Recipients not valid, | |
568 | not trusted or not found."</p> | |
569 | ||
570 | <p>To encrypt an email to Edward, you need his public key, so now you'll have | |
571 | Enigmail download it from a keyserver. Click Download Missing Keys and use | |
572 | the default in the pop-up that asks you to choose a keyserver. Once it finds | |
573 | keys, check the first one (Key ID starting with C), then select ok. Select | |
574 | ok in the next pop-up.</p> | |
575 | ||
576 | <p>Now you are back at the "Recipients not valid, not trusted or not found" | |
577 | screen. Check the box in front of Edward's key and click Send.</p> | |
578 | ||
579 | <p class="notes">Since you encrypted this email with Edward's public key, | |
580 | Edward's private key is required to decrypt it. Edward is the only one with | |
581 | his private key, so no one except him can decrypt it.</p> | |
582 | ||
583 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
584 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
585 | ||
586 | <h4>Troubleshooting</h4> | |
587 | ||
588 | <dl> | |
589 | <dt>Enigmail can't find Edward's key</dt> | |
590 | <dd>Close the pop-ups that have appeared since you clicked Send. Make sure | |
591 | you are connected to the Internet and try again. If that doesn't work, repeat | |
592 | the process, choosing a different keyserver when it asks you to pick one.</dd> | |
593 | ||
594 | <dt>Unscrambled messages in the Sent folder</dt> | |
595 | <dd>Even though you can't decrypt messages encrypted to someone else's key, | |
596 | your email program will automatically save a copy encrypted to your public key, | |
597 | which you'll be able to view from the Sent folder like a normal email. This | |
598 | is normal, and it doesn't mean that your email was not sent encrypted.</dd> | |
599 | ||
600 | <dt>More resources</dt> | |
601 | <dd>If you're still having trouble with our | |
602 | instructions or just want to learn more, check out <a | |
a3e7fb7e | 603 | href="https://www.enigmail.net/documentation/Signature_and_Encryption#Encrypting_a_message"> |
360881f1 | 604 | Enigmail's wiki</a>.</dd> |
39c89f44 TG |
605 | |
606 | <dt class="feedback">Don't see a solution to your problem?</dt> | |
607 | <dd class="feedback">Please let us know on the <a | |
608 | href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review">feedback | |
609 | page</a>.</dd> | |
610 | </dl> | |
611 | ||
612 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
613 | ||
614 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
615 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
616 | ||
617 | <h4>Advanced</h4> | |
618 | ||
619 | <dl> | |
620 | <dt>Encrypt messages from the command line</dt> | |
621 | <dd>You can also encrypt and decrypt messages and files from the <a | |
622 | href="https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x110.html">command line</a>, | |
623 | if that's your preference. The option --armor makes the encrypted output | |
624 | appear in the regular character set.</dd> | |
625 | </dl> | |
626 | ||
627 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
628 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
629 | </div><!-- End #step-3b .step --> | |
630 | ||
631 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
632 | <div id="step-headers_unencrypted" class="step"> | |
633 | <div class="main"> | |
634 | ||
635 | <h3><em>Important:</em> Security tips</h3> | |
19e80165 | 636 | |
39c89f44 TG |
637 | <p>Even if you encrypt your email, the subject line is not encrypted, so |
638 | don't put private information there. The sending and receiving addresses | |
639 | aren't encrypted either, so a surveillance system can still figure out who | |
640 | you're communicating with. Also, surveillance agents will know that you're | |
641 | using GnuPG, even if they can't figure out what you're saying. When you | |
642 | send attachments, Enigmail will give you the choice to encrypt them or not, | |
643 | independent of the actual email.</p> | |
bdf319c4 | 644 | |
1e444d3e MB |
645 | <p>For greater security against potential attacks, you can turn off |
646 | HTML. Instead, you can render the message body as plain text. In order | |
0820668d | 647 | to do this in Thunderbird, go to View > Message Body As > Plain |
1e444d3e MB |
648 | Text.</p> |
649 | ||
39c89f44 TG |
650 | </div><!-- End .main --> |
651 | </div><!-- End #step-headers_unencrypted .step--> | |
d85363e7 | 652 | |
39c89f44 TG |
653 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> |
654 | <div id="step-3c" class="step"> | |
655 | <div class="main"> | |
656 | ||
657 | <h3><em>Step 3.c</em> Receive a response</h3> | |
658 | ||
659 | <p>When Edward receives your email, he will use his private key to decrypt | |
c226604b | 660 | it, then reply to you. </p> |
39c89f44 TG |
661 | |
662 | <p class="notes">It may take two or three minutes for Edward to | |
663 | respond. In the meantime, you might want to skip ahead and check out the <a | |
664 | href="#section5">Use it Well</a> section of this guide.</p> | |
665 | ||
39c89f44 TG |
666 | </div><!-- End .main --> |
667 | </div><!-- End #step-3c .step --> | |
668 | ||
669 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
670 | <div id="step-3d" class="step"> | |
671 | <div class="main"> | |
672 | ||
673 | <h3><em>Step 3.d</em> Send a test signed email</h3> | |
674 | ||
675 | <p>GnuPG includes a way for you to sign messages and files, verifying that | |
676 | they came from you and that they weren't tampered with along the way. These | |
677 | signatures are stronger than their pen-and-paper cousins -- they're impossible | |
678 | to forge, because they're impossible to create without your private key | |
679 | (another reason to keep your private key safe).</p> | |
680 | ||
681 | <p>You can sign messages to anyone, so it's a great way to make people | |
682 | aware that you use GnuPG and that they can communicate with you securely. If | |
683 | they don't have GnuPG, they will be able to read your message and see your | |
684 | signature. If they do have GnuPG, they'll also be able to verify that your | |
685 | signature is authentic.</p> | |
686 | ||
687 | <p>To sign an email to Edward, compose any message to him and click the | |
688 | pencil icon next to the lock icon so that it turns gold. If you sign a | |
689 | message, GnuPG may ask you for your password before it sends the message, | |
690 | because it needs to unlock your private key for signing.</p> | |
691 | ||
692 | <p>With the lock and pencil icons, you can choose whether each message will | |
693 | be encrypted, signed, both, or neither.</p> | |
694 | ||
695 | </div> | |
696 | </div> | |
697 | ||
698 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
699 | <div id="step-3e" class="step"> | |
700 | <div class="main"> | |
701 | ||
702 | <h3><em>Step 3.e</em> Receive a response</h3> | |
703 | ||
c226604b TG |
704 | <p>When Edward receives your email, he will use your public key (which |
705 | you sent him in <a href="#step-3a">Step 3.A</a>) to verify the message | |
706 | you sent has not been tampered with and to encrypt his reply to you.</p> | |
39c89f44 TG |
707 | |
708 | <p class="notes">It may take two or three minutes for Edward to | |
709 | respond. In the meantime, you might want to skip ahead and check out the <a | |
710 | href="#section5">Use it Well</a> section of this guide.</p> | |
711 | ||
712 | <p>Edward's reply will arrive encrypted, because he prefers to use encryption | |
713 | whenever possible. If everything goes according to plan, it should say | |
714 | "Your signature was verified." If your test signed email was also encrypted, | |
715 | he will mention that first.</p> | |
716 | ||
c226604b TG |
717 | <p>When you receive Edward's email and open it, Enigmail will |
718 | automatically detect that it is encrypted with your public key, and | |
719 | then it will use your private key to decrypt it.</p> | |
720 | ||
721 | <p>Notice the bar that Enigmail shows you above the message, with | |
722 | information about the status of Edward's key.</p> | |
723 | ||
39c89f44 TG |
724 | </div><!-- End .main --> |
725 | </div><!-- End #step-3e .step --> | |
726 | </div></section> | |
727 | ||
728 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Section 4: Learn the Web of Trust ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
729 | <section class="row" id="section4"><div> | |
730 | ||
731 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ section introduction: interspersed text ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
732 | <div class="section-intro"> | |
733 | ||
734 | <h2><em>#4</em> Learn the Web of Trust</h2> | |
735 | ||
736 | <p>Email encryption is a powerful technology, but it has a weakness; | |
737 | it requires a way to verify that a person's public key is actually | |
738 | theirs. Otherwise, there would be no way to stop an attacker from making | |
739 | an email address with your friend's name, creating keys to go with it and | |
740 | impersonating your friend. That's why the free software programmers that | |
741 | developed email encryption created keysigning and the Web of Trust.</p> | |
742 | ||
743 | <p>When you sign someone's key, you are publicly saying that you've verified | |
744 | that it belongs to them and not someone else.</p> | |
745 | ||
746 | <p>Signing keys and signing messages use the same type of mathematical | |
747 | operation, but they carry very different implications. It's a good practice | |
748 | to generally sign your email, but if you casually sign people's keys, you | |
749 | may accidently end up vouching for the identity of an imposter.</p> | |
750 | ||
751 | <p>People who use your public key can see who has signed it. Once you've | |
752 | used GnuPG for a long time, your key may have hundreds of signatures. You | |
753 | can consider a key to be more trustworthy if it has many signatures from | |
754 | people that you trust. The Web of Trust is a constellation of GnuPG users, | |
755 | connected to each other by chains of trust expressed through signatures.</p> | |
756 | ||
757 | </div><!-- End .section-intro --> | |
758 | ||
759 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
760 | <div id="step-4a" class="step"> | |
761 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
762 | ||
763 | <p><img | |
764 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/section4-web-of-trust.png" | |
765 | alt="Section 4: Web of Trust" /></p> | |
766 | ||
767 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
768 | <div class="main"> | |
769 | ||
770 | <h3><em>Step 4.a</em> Sign a key</h3> | |
771 | ||
772 | <p>In your email program's menu, go to Enigmail → Key Management.</p> | |
773 | ||
774 | <p>Right click on Edward's public key and select Sign Key from the context | |
775 | menu.</p> | |
776 | ||
777 | <p>In the window that pops up, select "I will not answer" and click ok.</p> | |
778 | ||
779 | <p>Now you should be back at the Key Management menu. Select Keyserver → | |
780 | Upload Public Keys and hit ok.</p> | |
781 | ||
782 | <p class="notes">You've just effectively said "I trust that Edward's public | |
783 | key actually belongs to Edward." This doesn't mean much because Edward isn't | |
784 | a real person, but it's good practice.</p> | |
785 | ||
786 | <!--<div id="pgp-pathfinder"> | |
787 | ||
788 | <form enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" action="/mk_path.cgi" | |
789 | method="get"> | |
790 | ||
360881f1 | 791 | <p><strong>From:</strong><input type="text" value="xD41A008" |
39c89f44 TG |
792 | name="FROM"></p> |
793 | ||
360881f1 | 794 | <p><strong>To:</strong><input type="text" value="50BD01x4" name="TO"></p> |
39c89f44 TG |
795 | |
796 | <p class="buttons"><input type="submit" value="trust paths" name="PATHS"><input | |
797 | type="reset" value="reset" name=".reset"></p> | |
798 | ||
799 | </form> | |
800 | ||
801 | </div>End #pgp-pathfinder --> | |
802 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
803 | </div><!-- End #step-4a .step --> | |
804 | ||
805 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
806 | <div id="step-identify_keys" class="step"> | |
807 | <div class="main"> | |
808 | ||
809 | <h3>Identifying keys: Fingerprints and IDs</h3> | |
810 | ||
811 | <p>People's public keys are usually identified by their key fingerprint, | |
812 | which is a string of digits like F357AA1A5B1FA42CFD9FE52A9FF2194CC09A61E8 | |
813 | (for Edward's key). You can see the fingerprint for your public key, and | |
814 | other public keys saved on your computer, by going to Enigmail → Key | |
815 | Management in your email program's menu, then right clicking on the key | |
816 | and choosing Key Properties. It's good practice to share your fingerprint | |
817 | wherever you share your email address, so that people can double-check that | |
818 | they have the correct public key when they download yours from a keyserver.</p> | |
819 | ||
129ed1e3 MB |
820 | <p class="notes">You may also see public keys referred to by a shorter |
821 | key ID. This key ID is visible directly from the Key Management | |
822 | window. These eight character key IDs were previously used for | |
823 | identification, which used to be safe, but is no longer reliable. You | |
824 | need to check the full fingerprint as part of verifying you have the | |
825 | correct key for the person you are trying to contact. Spoofing, in | |
826 | which someone intentionally generates a key with a fingerprint whose | |
827 | final eight characters are the same as another, is unfortunately | |
828 | common.</p> | |
39c89f44 TG |
829 | |
830 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
831 | </div><!-- End #step-identify_keys .step--> | |
832 | ||
833 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
834 | <div id="check-ids-before-signing" class="step"> | |
835 | <div class="main"> | |
836 | ||
837 | <h3><em>Important:</em> What to consider when signing keys</h3> | |
838 | ||
839 | <p>Before signing a person's key, you need to be confident that it actually | |
840 | belongs to them, and that they are who they say they are. Ideally, this | |
841 | confidence comes from having interactions and conversations with them over | |
842 | time, and witnessing interactions between them and others. Whenever signing | |
843 | a key, ask to see the full public key fingerprint, and not just the shorter | |
844 | key ID. If you feel it's important to sign the key of someone you've just | |
845 | met, also ask them to show you their government identification, and make | |
846 | sure the name on the ID matches the name on the public key. In Enigmail, | |
847 | answer honestly in the window that pops up and asks "How carefully have you | |
848 | verified that the key you are about to sign actually belongs to the person(s) | |
849 | named above?"</p> | |
850 | ||
851 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
852 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
853 | ||
854 | <h4>Advanced</h4> | |
855 | ||
856 | <dl> | |
857 | <dt>Master the Web of Trust</dt> | |
858 | <dd>Unfortunately, trust does not spread between users the way <a | |
859 | href="http://fennetic.net/irc/finney.org/~hal/web_of_trust.html">many people | |
860 | think</a>. One of best ways to strengthen the GnuPG community is to deeply <a | |
861 | href="https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x334.html">understand</a> the Web of | |
862 | Trust and to carefully sign as many people's keys as circumstances permit.</dd> | |
863 | ||
864 | <dt>Set ownertrust</dt> | |
865 | <dd>If you trust someone enough to validate other people's keys, you can assign | |
866 | them an ownertrust level through Enigmails's key management window. Right | |
867 | click on the other person's key, go to the "Select Owner Trust" menu option, | |
868 | select the trustlevel and click OK. Only do this once you feel you have a | |
869 | deep understanding of the Web of Trust.</dd> | |
870 | </dl> | |
871 | ||
872 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
873 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
874 | </div><!-- End #check-ids-before-signing .step--> | |
875 | </div></section><!-- End #section4 --> | |
d85363e7 | 876 | |
39c89f44 TG |
877 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Section 5: Use it well ~~~~~~~~~ --> |
878 | <section id="section5" class="row"><div> | |
879 | ||
880 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ section introduction: interspersed text ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
881 | <div class="section-intro"> | |
882 | ||
883 | <h2><em>#5</em> Use it well</h2> | |
884 | ||
885 | <p>Everyone uses GnuPG a little differently, but it's important to follow | |
886 | some basic practices to keep your email secure. Not following them, you | |
887 | risk the privacy of the people you communicate with, as well as your own, | |
888 | and damage the Web of Trust.</p> | |
889 | ||
890 | </div><!-- End .section-intro --> | |
891 | ||
892 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
893 | <div id="step-5a" class="step"> | |
894 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
895 | ||
896 | <p><img | |
897 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/section5-01-use-it-well.png" | |
898 | alt="Section 5: Use it Well (1)" /></p> | |
899 | ||
900 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
901 | <div class="main"> | |
902 | ||
903 | <h3>When should I encrypt? When should I sign?</h3> | |
904 | ||
905 | <p>The more you can encrypt your messages, the better. If you only encrypt | |
906 | emails occasionally, each encrypted message could raise a red flag for | |
907 | surveillance systems. If all or most of your email is encrypted, people | |
908 | doing surveillance won't know where to start. That's not to say that only | |
909 | encrypting some of your email isn't helpful -- it's a great start and it | |
910 | makes bulk surveillance more difficult.</p> | |
911 | ||
912 | <p>Unless you don't want to reveal your own identity (which requires other | |
913 | protective measures), there's no reason not to sign every message, whether or | |
914 | not you are encrypting. In addition to allowing those with GnuPG to verify | |
915 | that the message came from you, signing is a non-intrusive way to remind | |
916 | everyone that you use GnuPG and show support for secure communication. If you | |
917 | often send signed messages to people that aren't familiar with GnuPG, it's | |
918 | nice to also include a link to this guide in your standard email signature | |
919 | (the text kind, not the cryptographic kind).</p> | |
920 | ||
921 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
922 | </div><!-- End #step-5a .step --> | |
923 | ||
924 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
925 | <div id="step-5b" class="step"> | |
926 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
927 | ||
928 | <p><img | |
929 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/section5-02-use-it-well.png" | |
930 | alt="Section 5: Use it Well (2)" /></p> | |
931 | ||
932 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
933 | <div class="main"> | |
934 | ||
935 | <h3>Be wary of invalid keys</h3> | |
936 | ||
937 | <p>GnuPG makes email safer, but it's still important to watch out for invalid | |
938 | keys, which might have fallen into the wrong hands. Email encrypted with | |
939 | invalid keys might be readable by surveillance programs.</p> | |
940 | ||
941 | <p>In your email program, go back to the first encrypted email that Edward | |
942 | sent you. Because Edward encrypted it with your public key, it will have a | |
943 | message from Enigmail at the top, which most likely says "Enigmail: Part of | |
944 | this message encrypted."</p> | |
945 | ||
946 | <p><b>When using GnuPG, make a habit of glancing at that bar. The program | |
0f3c2a99 | 947 | will warn you there if you get an email signed with a key that can't |
39c89f44 TG |
948 | be trusted.</b></p> |
949 | ||
950 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
951 | </div><!-- End #step-5b .step --> | |
952 | ||
953 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
954 | <div id="step-5c" class="step"> | |
955 | <div class="main"> | |
956 | ||
957 | <h3>Copy your revocation certificate to somewhere safe</h3> | |
958 | ||
959 | <p>Remember when you created your keys and saved the revocation certificate | |
960 | that GnuPG made? It's time to copy that certificate onto the safest digital | |
961 | storage that you have -- the ideal thing is a flash drive, disk, or hard | |
962 | drive stored in a safe place in your home, not on a device you carry with | |
963 | you regularly.</p> | |
964 | ||
965 | <p>If your private key ever gets lost or stolen, you'll need this certificate | |
966 | file to let people know that you are no longer using that keypair.</p> | |
967 | ||
968 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
969 | </div><!-- End #step-5c .step --> | |
970 | ||
971 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
972 | <div id="step-lost_key" class="step"> | |
973 | <div class="main"> | |
974 | ||
975 | <h3><em>Important:</em> act swiftly if someone gets your private key</h3> | |
976 | ||
977 | <p>If you lose your private key or someone else gets ahold | |
978 | of it (say, by stealing or cracking your computer), it's | |
979 | important to revoke it immediately before someone else uses | |
980 | it to read your encrypted email or forge your signature. This | |
981 | guide doesn't cover how to revoke a key, but you can follow these <a | |
982 | href="https://www.hackdiary.com/2004/01/18/revoking-a-gpg-key/">instructions</a>. | |
983 | After you're done revoking, make a new key and send an email to everyone | |
984 | with whom you usually use your key to make sure they know, including a copy | |
985 | of your new key.</p> | |
986 | ||
987 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
988 | </div><!-- End #step-lost_key .step--> | |
989 | ||
990 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
991 | <!---<div id="transfer-key" class="step"> | |
992 | <div class="main"> | |
993 | ||
994 | <h3>Transferring you key</h3> | |
995 | ||
996 | <p>You can use Enigmail's <a | |
73a33f45 | 997 | href="https://www.enigmail.net/documentation/Key_Management">key management |
39c89f44 TG |
998 | window</a> to import and export keys. If you want to be able to read |
999 | your encrypted email on a different computer, you will need to export | |
1000 | your secret key from here. Be warned, if you transfer the key without <a | |
1001 | href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EncryptedFilesystemsOnRemovableStorage">encrypting</a> | |
1002 | the drive it's on the transfer will be dramatically less secure.</p> | |
1003 | ||
1004 | </div>--><!-- End .main | |
1005 | </div> End #transfer-key .step--> | |
1006 | ||
1007 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
1008 | <div id="webmail-and-GnuPG" class="step"> | |
1009 | <div class="main"> | |
1010 | ||
1011 | <h3>Webmail and GnuPG</h3> | |
1012 | ||
1013 | <p>When you use a web browser to access your email, you're using webmail, | |
1014 | an email program stored on a distant website. Unlike webmail, your desktop | |
1015 | email program runs on your own computer. Although webmail can't decrypt | |
1016 | encrypted email, it will still display it in its encrypted form. If you | |
1017 | primarily use webmail, you'll know to open your email client when you receive | |
1018 | a scrambled email.</p> | |
1019 | ||
1020 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
1021 | </div><!-- End #webmail-and-GnuPG .step--> | |
1022 | ||
1023 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ | |
1024 | <div id="step-5d" class="step"> | |
1025 | <div class="main"> | |
1026 | ||
1027 | <h3>Make your public key part of your online identity</h3> | |
1028 | ||
1029 | <p> First add your public key fingerprint to your email signature, then | |
1030 | compose an email to at least five of your friends, telling them you just | |
1031 | set up GnuPG and mentioning your public key fingerprint. Link to this guide | |
1032 | and ask them to join you. Don't forget that there's also an awesome <a | |
1033 | href="infographic.html">infographic to share.</a></p> | |
1034 | ||
1035 | <p class="notes">Start writing your public key fingerprint anywhere someone | |
1036 | would see your email address: your social media profiles, blog, Website, | |
1037 | or business card. (At the Free Software Foundation, we put ours on our | |
1038 | <a href="https://fsf.org/about/staff">staff page</a>.) We need to get our | |
1039 | culture to the point that we feel like something is missing when we see an | |
1040 | email address without a public key fingerprint.</p> | |
1041 | ||
1042 | </div>--><!-- End .main | |
1043 | </div> End #step-5d .step--> | |
1044 | </div></section><!-- End #section5 --> | |
1045 | ||
1046 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Section 6: Next steps ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
116f80c3 | 1047 | <section class="row" id="section6"> |
39c89f44 TG |
1048 | <div id="step-click_here" class="step"> |
1049 | <div class="main"> | |
0a225228 | 1050 | |
39c89f44 | 1051 | <h2><a href="next_steps.html">Great job! Check out the next steps.</a></h2> |
bb28ee32 | 1052 | |
39c89f44 TG |
1053 | </div><!-- End .main --> |
1054 | </div><!-- End #step-click_here .step--> | |
116f80c3 | 1055 | </section><!-- End #section6 --> |
bdf319c4 | 1056 | |
39c89f44 | 1057 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ FAQ ~~~~~~~~~ --> |
f44dd62f | 1058 | <!-- When un-commenting this section go to main.css and search |
116f80c3 | 1059 | for /* Guide Sections Background */ then add #faq to the desired color |
39c89f44 | 1060 | <section class="row" id="faq"><div> |
116f80c3 | 1061 | <div class="sidebar"> |
39c89f44 | 1062 | |
116f80c3 | 1063 | <h2>FAQ</h2> |
6c495e2d | 1064 | |
39c89f44 | 1065 | </div> |
116f80c3 | 1066 | <div class="main"> |
39c89f44 | 1067 | |
116f80c3 ZR |
1068 | <dl> |
1069 | <dt>My key expired</dt> | |
1070 | <dd>Answer coming soon.</dd> | |
6c495e2d | 1071 | |
116f80c3 ZR |
1072 | <dt>Who can read encrypted messages? Who can read signed ones?</dt> |
1073 | <dd>Answer coming soon.</dd> | |
6c495e2d | 1074 | |
39c89f44 TG |
1075 | <dt>My email program is opening at times I don't want it to open/is now my |
1076 | default program and I don't want it to be.</dt> | |
116f80c3 ZR |
1077 | <dd>Answer coming soon.</dd> |
1078 | </dl> | |
39c89f44 | 1079 | |
116f80c3 ZR |
1080 | </div> |
1081 | </div> | |
1082 | </section> --><!-- End #faq --> | |
bdf319c4 | 1083 | |
39c89f44 TG |
1084 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Footer ~~~~~~~~~ --> |
1085 | <footer class="row" id="footer"><div> | |
1086 | <div id="copyright"> | |
1087 | ||
1088 | <h4><a href="https://u.fsf.org/ys"><img | |
1089 | alt="Free Software Foundation" | |
1090 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/fsf-logo.png" /></a></h4> | |
1091 | ||
1092 | <p>Copyright © 2014-2016 <a | |
1093 | href="https://u.fsf.org/ys">Free Software Foundation</a>, Inc. <a | |
1094 | href="https://my.fsf.org/donate/privacypolicy.html">Privacy Policy</a>. Please | |
1095 | support our work by <a href="https://u.fsf.org/yr">joining us as an associate | |
1096 | member.</a></p> | |
1097 | ||
1098 | <p>The images on this page are under a <a | |
1099 | href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons | |
1100 | Attribution 4.0 license (or later version)</a>, and the rest of it is under | |
1101 | a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">Creative Commons | |
1102 | Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 license (or later version)</a>. Download the <a | |
360881f1 I |
1103 | href="http://agpl.fsf.org/emailselfdefense.fsf.org/edward/CURRENT/edward.tar.gz"> |
1104 | source code of Edward reply bot</a> by Andrew Engelbrecht | |
8c6a812e | 1105 | <andrew@engelbrecht.io> and Josh Drake <zamnedix@gnu.org>, |
39c89f44 TG |
1106 | available under the GNU Affero General Public License. <a |
1107 | href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#OtherLicenses">Why these | |
1108 | licenses?</a></p> | |
1109 | ||
1110 | <p>Fonts used in the guide & infographic: <a | |
1111 | href="https://www.google.com/fonts/specimen/Dosis">Dosis</a> by Pablo | |
1112 | Impallari, <a href="http://www.google.com/fonts/specimen/Signika">Signika</a> | |
1113 | by Anna Giedryś, <a | |
1114 | href="http://www.google.com/fonts/specimen/Archivo+Narrow">Archivo | |
1115 | Narrow</a> by Omnibus-Type, <a | |
1116 | href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Graphics_Howto#Pitfalls">PXL-2000</a> | |
1117 | by Florian Cramer.</p> | |
1118 | ||
1119 | <p>Download the <a href="emailselfdefense_source.zip">source package</a> | |
1120 | for this guide, including fonts, image source files and the text of Edward's | |
1121 | messages.</p> | |
1122 | ||
1123 | <p>This site uses the Weblabels standard for labeling <a | |
1124 | href="https://www.fsf.org/campaigns/freejs">free JavaScript</a>. View | |
1125 | the JavaScript <a href="//weblabels.fsf.org/emailselfdefense.fsf.org/" | |
1126 | rel="jslicense">source code and license information</a>.</p> | |
1127 | ||
1128 | </div><!-- /#copyright --> | |
1129 | ||
1130 | <p class="credits">Infographic and guide design by <a rel="external" | |
1131 | href="http://jplusplus.org"><strong>Journalism++</strong><img | |
1132 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/jplusplus.png" | |
1133 | alt="Journalism++" /></a></p><!-- /.credits --> | |
1134 | </div></footer><!-- End #footer --> | |
116f80c3 | 1135 | |
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