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4f3e4963 | 1 | <!DOCTYPE html> |
19bce4d7 | 2 | <html lang="en"> |
b3eff1c4 | 3 | <head> |
19bce4d7 TG |
4 | <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> |
5 | <title>Email Self-Defense - a guide to fighting surveillance with GnuPG | |
6 | encryption</title> | |
7 | <meta name="keywords" content="GnuPG, GPG, openpgp, surveillance, privacy, | |
8 | email, Enigmail" /> | |
9 | <meta name="description" content="Email surveillance violates our fundamental | |
10 | rights and makes free speech risky. This guide will teach you email | |
11 | self-defense in 40 minutes with GnuPG." /> | |
12 | <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> | |
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b3eff1c4 | 16 | </head> |
19bce4d7 | 17 | |
c2dfa493 | 18 | <body> |
b3eff1c4 | 19 | |
19bce4d7 TG |
20 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ GnuPG Header and introduction text ~~~~~~~~~ --> |
21 | <header class="row" id="header"><div> | |
b3eff1c4 | 22 | |
19bce4d7 | 23 | <h1>Email Self-Defense</h1> |
b3eff1c4 | 24 | |
19bce4d7 TG |
25 | <!-- Language list for browsers that do not have JS enabled --> |
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c2dfa493 | 42 | <li><a href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Translation_Guide"><strong><span |
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43 | style="color: #2F5FAA;">Translate!</span></strong></a></li> |
44 | </ul> | |
45 | ||
46 | <ul id="menu" class="os"> | |
47 | <li class="spacer"><a href="index.html">GNU/Linux</a></li> | |
48 | <li><a href="mac.html">Mac OS</a></li> | |
49 | <li><a href="windows.html" class="current">Windows</a></li> | |
f211d856 I |
50 | <li class="spacer"><a href="workshops.html">Teach your friends</a></li> |
51 | <li class="spacer"><a | |
52 | href="https://fsf.org/share?u=https://u.fsf.org/zb&t=Email encryption for everyone via %40fsf"> | |
53 | Share | |
54 | <img src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/gnu-social.png" class="share-logo" | |
19bce4d7 | 55 | alt="[GNU Social]" /> |
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19bce4d7 | 57 | alt="[Pump.io]" /> |
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19bce4d7 | 59 | alt="[Reddit]" /> |
f211d856 I |
60 | <img src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/hacker-news.png" class="share-logo" |
61 | alt="[Hacker News]" /></a></li> | |
19bce4d7 TG |
62 | </ul> |
63 | ||
64 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ FSF Introduction ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
65 | <div id="fsf-intro"> | |
66 | ||
67 | <h3><a href="http://u.fsf.org/ys"><img | |
68 | alt="Free Software Foundation" | |
69 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/fsf-logo.png" /> | |
70 | </a></h3> | |
71 | ||
72 | <div class="fsf-emphasis"> | |
73 | ||
74 | <p>We fight for computer users' rights, and promote the development of free (as | |
75 | in freedom) software. Resisting bulk surveillance is very important to us.</p> | |
76 | ||
77 | <p><strong>Please donate to support Email Self-Defense. We need to keep | |
78 | improving it, and making more materials, for the benefit of people around | |
79 | the world taking the first step towards protecting their privacy.</strong></p> | |
80 | ||
81 | </div> | |
82 | ||
83 | <p><a | |
84 | href="https://crm.fsf.org/civicrm/contribute/transact?reset=1&id=14&pk_campaign=email_self_defense&pk_kwd=guide_donate"><img | |
85 | alt="Donate" | |
86 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/donate.png" /></a></p> | |
87 | ||
88 | </div><!-- End #fsf-intro --> | |
89 | ||
90 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Guide Introduction ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
91 | <div class="intro"> | |
92 | ||
93 | <p><a id="infographic" href="infographic.html"><img | |
94 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/infographic-button.png" | |
95 | alt="View & share our infographic →" /></a> | |
96 | Bulk surveillance violates our fundamental rights and makes free speech | |
97 | risky. This guide will teach you a basic surveillance self-defense skill: email | |
98 | encryption. Once you've finished, you'll be able to send and receive emails | |
99 | that are scrambled to make sure a surveillance agent or thief intercepting | |
100 | your email can't read them. All you need is a computer with an Internet | |
101 | connection, an email account, and about forty minutes.</p> | |
102 | ||
103 | <p>Even if you have nothing to hide, using encryption helps protect the privacy | |
104 | of people you communicate with, and makes life difficult for bulk surveillance | |
105 | systems. If you do have something important to hide, you're in good company; | |
106 | these are the same tools that whistleblowers use to protect their identities | |
107 | while shining light on human rights abuses, corruption and other crimes.</p> | |
108 | ||
109 | <p>In addition to using encryption, standing up | |
110 | to surveillance requires fighting politically for a <a | |
111 | href="http://gnu.org/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy.html">reduction | |
112 | in the amount of data collected on us</a>, but the essential first step is | |
113 | to protect yourself and make surveillance of your communication as difficult | |
114 | as possible. This guide helps you do that. It is designed for beginners, but | |
115 | if you already know the basics of GnuPG or are an experienced free software | |
116 | user, you'll enjoy the advanced tips and the <a href="workshops.html">guide | |
117 | to teaching your friends</a>.</p> | |
118 | ||
119 | </div><!-- End .intro --> | |
120 | </div></header><!-- End #header --> | |
121 | ||
122 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Section 1: Get the pieces ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
123 | <section class="row" id="section1"><div> | |
124 | ||
125 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ section introduction: interspersed text ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
126 | <div class="section-intro"> | |
127 | ||
128 | <h2><em>#1</em> Get the pieces</h2> | |
129 | ||
130 | <p class="notes">This guide relies on software which is <a | |
131 | href="https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html">freely licensed</a>; it's | |
132 | completely transparent and anyone can copy it or make their own version. This | |
f211d856 I |
133 | makes it safer from surveillance than proprietary software (like Windows or Mac |
134 | OS). To defend your freedom as well as protect yourself from surveillance, we | |
135 | recommend you switch to a free software operating system like GNU/Linux. Learn | |
136 | more about free software at <a href="https://u.fsf.org/ys">fsf.org</a>.</p> | |
19bce4d7 TG |
137 | |
138 | <p>To get started, you'll need the IceDove desktop email program installed | |
139 | on your computer. For your system, IceDove may be known by the alternate name | |
140 | "Thunderbird." Email programs are another way to access the same email accounts | |
141 | you can access in a browser (like Gmail), but provide extra features.</p> | |
142 | ||
143 | <p>If you already have an email program, you can skip to <a | |
144 | href="#step-1b">Step 1.b</a>.</p> | |
145 | ||
146 | </div><!-- End .section-intro --> | |
147 | ||
148 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
149 | <div id="step-1a" class="step"> | |
150 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
151 | ||
152 | <p><img | |
153 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/step1a-install-wizard.png" | |
154 | alt="Step 1.A: Install Wizard" /></p> | |
155 | ||
156 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
157 | <div class="main"> | |
158 | ||
159 | <h3><em>Step 1.a</em> Set up your email program with your email account</h3> | |
160 | ||
161 | <p>Open your email program and follow the wizard (step-by-step walkthrough) | |
162 | that sets it up with your email account.</p> | |
163 | ||
f211d856 I |
164 | <p>Look for the letters SSL, TLS, or STARTTLS to the right of the servers |
165 | when you're setting up your account. If you don't see them, you will still | |
166 | be able to use encryption, but this means that the people running your email | |
167 | system are running behind the industry standard in protecting your security | |
168 | and privacy. We recommend that you send them a friendly email asking them | |
169 | to enable SSL, TLS, or STARTTLS for your email server. They will know what | |
170 | you're talking about, so it's worth making the request even if you aren't | |
171 | an expert on these security systems.</p> | |
172 | ||
19bce4d7 TG |
173 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> |
174 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
175 | ||
176 | <h4>Troubleshooting</h4> | |
177 | ||
178 | <dl> | |
179 | <dt>The wizard doesn't launch</dt> | |
180 | <dd>You can launch the wizard yourself, but the menu option for doing so is | |
f211d856 | 181 | named differently in each email program. The button to launch it will be in |
19bce4d7 TG |
182 | the program's main menu, under "New" or something similar, titled something |
183 | like "Add account" or "New/Existing email account."</dd> | |
184 | ||
185 | <dt>The wizard can't find my account or isn't downloading my mail</dt> | |
186 | <dd>Before searching the Web, we recommend you start by asking other people | |
187 | who use your email system, to figure out the correct settings.</dd> | |
188 | ||
189 | <dt class="feedback">Don't see a solution to your problem?</dt> | |
190 | <dd class="feedback">Please let us know on the <a | |
191 | href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review">feedback | |
192 | page</a>.</dd> | |
193 | </dl> | |
194 | ||
195 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
196 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
197 | </div><!-- End #step1-a .step --> | |
198 | ||
199 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
200 | <div id="step-1b" class="step"> | |
201 | <div class="main"> | |
202 | ||
203 | <h3><em>Step 1.b</em> Get GnuPG by downloading GPG4Win</h3> | |
204 | ||
205 | <p>GPG4Win is a software package that includes GnuPG. <a | |
206 | href="https://www.gpg4win.org/">Download</a> and install it, choosing default | |
207 | options whenever asked. After it's installed, you can close any windows that | |
208 | it creates.</p> | |
209 | ||
64af8734 TG |
210 | <p>There are major security flaws in versions of GnuPG provided by GPG4Win |
211 | prior to 3.1.2. Make sure you have GPG4Win 3.1.2 or later.</p> | |
212 | ||
19bce4d7 TG |
213 | </div><!-- End .main --> |
214 | </div><!-- End #step1-b .step --> | |
215 | ||
216 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
217 | <div id="step-1c" class="step"> | |
218 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
19bce4d7 | 219 | <ul class="images"> |
f211d856 | 220 | <li><img src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/step1b-01-tools-addons.png" |
19bce4d7 | 221 | alt="Step 1.C: Tools -> Add-ons" /></li> |
f211d856 | 222 | <li><img src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/step1b-02-search.png" |
19bce4d7 | 223 | alt="Step 1.C: Search Add-ons" /></li> |
f211d856 | 224 | <li><img src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/step1b-03-install.png" |
19bce4d7 TG |
225 | alt="Step 1.C: Install Add-ons" /></li> |
226 | </ul> | |
227 | ||
228 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
229 | <div class="main"> | |
230 | ||
231 | <h3><em>Step 1.c</em> Install the Enigmail plugin for your email program</h3> | |
232 | ||
233 | <p>In your email program's menu, select Add-ons (it may be in the Tools | |
f211d856 I |
234 | section). Make sure Extensions is selected on the left. Do you see Enigmail? |
235 | Make sure it's the latest version. If so, skip this step.</p> | |
19bce4d7 TG |
236 | |
237 | <p>If not, search "Enigmail" with the search bar in the upper right. You | |
238 | can take it from here. Restart your email program when you're done.</p> | |
4f3e4963 | 239 | |
64af8734 TG |
240 | <p>There are major security flaws in Enigmail prior to version 2.0.7. Make |
241 | sure you have Enigmail 2.0.7 or later.</p> | |
c2dfa493 | 242 | |
19bce4d7 TG |
243 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> |
244 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
245 | ||
246 | <h4>Troubleshooting</h4> | |
247 | ||
248 | <dl> | |
249 | <dt>I can't find the menu.</dt> | |
250 | <dd>In many new email programs, the main menu is represented by an image of | |
251 | three stacked horizontal bars.</dd> | |
252 | ||
f211d856 I |
253 | <dt>My email looks weird</dt> |
254 | <dd>Enigmail doesn't tend to play nice with HTML, which is used to format | |
255 | emails, so it may disable your HTML formatting automatically. To send an | |
256 | HTML-formatted email without encryption or a signature, hold down the Shift | |
257 | key when you select compose. You can then write an email as if Enigmail | |
258 | wasn't there.</dd> | |
259 | ||
19bce4d7 TG |
260 | <dt class="feedback">Don't see a solution to your problem?</dt> |
261 | <dd class="feedback">Please let us know on the <a | |
262 | href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review">feedback | |
263 | page</a>.</dd> | |
264 | </dl> | |
265 | ||
266 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
267 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
f211d856 | 268 | </div><!-- End #step-1b .step --> |
19bce4d7 TG |
269 | </div></section><!-- End #section1 --> |
270 | ||
271 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Section 2: Make your keys ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
272 | <section class="row" id="section2"><div> | |
273 | ||
274 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ section introduction: interspersed text ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
275 | <div class="section-intro"> | |
276 | ||
277 | <h2><em>#2</em> Make your keys</h2> | |
278 | ||
279 | <p>To use the GnuPG system, you'll need a public key and a private key (known | |
280 | together as a keypair). Each is a long string of randomly generated numbers | |
281 | and letters that are unique to you. Your public and private keys are linked | |
282 | together by a special mathematical function.</p> | |
283 | ||
284 | <p>Your public key isn't like a physical key, because it's stored in the open | |
285 | in an online directory called a keyserver. People download it and use it, | |
286 | along with GnuPG, to encrypt emails they send to you. You can think of the | |
287 | keyserver as a phonebook; people who want to send you encrypted email can | |
288 | look up your public key.</p> | |
289 | ||
290 | <p>Your private key is more like a physical key, because you keep it to | |
291 | yourself (on your computer). You use GnuPG and your private key together to | |
292 | descramble encrypted emails other people send to you. <span style="font-weight: | |
293 | bold;">You should never share you private key with anyone, under any | |
294 | circumstances.</span></p> | |
295 | ||
296 | <p>In addition to encryption and decryption, you can also use these keys to | |
297 | sign messages and check the authenticity of other people's signatures. We'll | |
298 | discuss this more in the next section.</p> | |
299 | ||
300 | </div><!-- End .section-intro --> | |
301 | ||
302 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
303 | <div id="step-2a" class="step"> | |
304 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
305 | ||
306 | <p><img | |
307 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/step2a-01-make-keypair.png" | |
308 | alt="Step 2.A: Make a Keypair" /></p> | |
309 | ||
310 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
311 | <div class="main"> | |
312 | ||
313 | <h3><em>Step 2.a</em> Make a keypair</h3> | |
314 | ||
315 | <p>The Enigmail Setup wizard may start automatically. If it doesn't, select | |
316 | Enigmail → Setup Wizard from your email program's menu. You don't need | |
317 | to read the text in the window that pops up unless you'd like to, but it's | |
318 | good to read the text on the later screens of the wizard. Click Next with | |
319 | the default options selected, except in these instances, which are listed | |
320 | in the order they appear:</p> | |
321 | ||
322 | <ul> | |
323 | <li>On the screen titled "Encryption," select "Encrypt all of my messages | |
324 | by default, because privacy is critical to me."</li> | |
325 | ||
326 | <li>On the screen titled "Signing," select "Don't sign my messages by | |
327 | default."</li> | |
328 | ||
329 | <li>On the screen titled "Key Selection," select "I want to create a new | |
330 | key pair for signing and encrypting my email."</li> | |
331 | ||
332 | <li>On the screen titled "Create Key," pick a strong password! You can | |
333 | do it manually, or you can use the Diceware method. Doing it manually | |
334 | is faster but not as secure. Using Diceware takes longer and requires | |
335 | dice, but creates a password that is much harder for attackers figure | |
336 | out. To use it, read the section "Make a secure passphrase with Diceware" in <a | |
f211d856 I |
337 | href="https://theintercept.com/2015/03/26/passphrases-can-memorize-attackers-cant-guess/"> |
338 | this article</a> by Micah Lee.</li> | |
19bce4d7 TG |
339 | </ul> |
340 | ||
341 | <p>If you'd like to pick a password manually, come up with something | |
342 | you can remember which is at least twelve characters long, and includes | |
343 | at least one lower case and upper case letter and at least one number or | |
344 | punctuation symbol. Never pick a password you've used elsewhere. Don't use | |
345 | any recognizable patterns, such as birthdays, telephone numbers, pets' names, | |
346 | song lyrics, quotes from books, and so on.</p> | |
347 | ||
348 | <p class="notes">The program will take a little while to finish the next | |
349 | step, the "Key Creation" screen. While you wait, do something else with your | |
350 | computer, like watching a movie or browsing the Web. The more you use the | |
351 | computer at this point, the faster the key creation will go.</p> | |
352 | ||
353 | <p><span style="font-weight: bold;">When the "Key Generation Completed" screen | |
354 | pops up, select Generate Certificate and choose to save it in a safe place on | |
355 | your computer (we recommend making a folder called "Revocation Certificate" | |
356 | in your home folder and keeping it there). This step is essential for your | |
357 | email self-defense, as you'll learn more about in <a href="#section5">Section | |
358 | 5</a>.</span></p> | |
359 | ||
360 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
361 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
362 | ||
363 | <h4>Troubleshooting</h4> | |
364 | ||
365 | <dl> | |
366 | <dt>I can't find the Enigmail menu.</dt> | |
367 | <dd>In many new email programs, the main menu is represented by an image | |
368 | of three stacked horizontal bars. Enigmail may be inside a section called | |
369 | Tools.</dd> | |
370 | ||
f211d856 I |
371 | <dt>The wizard says that it cannot find GnuPG.</dt> |
372 | <dd>Open whatever program you usually use for installing software, and search | |
373 | for GnuPG, then install it. Then restart the Enigmail setup wizard by going | |
374 | to Enigmail → Setup Wizard.</dd> | |
19bce4d7 TG |
375 | |
376 | <dt>My email looks weird</dt> | |
377 | <dd>Enigmail doesn't tend to play nice with HTML, which is used to format | |
378 | emails, so it may disable your HTML formatting automatically. To send an | |
379 | HTML-formatted email without encryption or a signature, hold down the Shift | |
380 | key when you select compose. You can then write an email as if Enigmail | |
381 | wasn't there.</dd> | |
382 | ||
f211d856 I |
383 | <dt>More resources</dt> |
384 | <dd>If you're having trouble with our | |
385 | instructions or just want to learn more, check out <a | |
386 | href="https://enigmail.wiki/Key_Management#Generating_your_own_key_pair"> | |
387 | Enigmail's wiki instructions for key generation</a>.</dd> | |
388 | ||
19bce4d7 TG |
389 | <dt class="feedback">Don't see a solution to your problem?</dt> |
390 | <dd class="feedback">Please let us know on the <a | |
391 | href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review">feedback | |
392 | page</a>.</dd> | |
393 | </dl> | |
394 | ||
395 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
396 | ||
397 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
398 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
399 | ||
400 | <h4>Advanced</h4> | |
401 | ||
402 | <dl> | |
403 | <dt>Command line key generation</dt> | |
404 | <dd>If you prefer using the command line for a higher | |
405 | degree of control, you can follow the documentation from <a | |
406 | href="https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/c14.html#AEN25">The GNU Privacy | |
407 | Handbook</a>. Make sure you stick with "RSA and RSA" (the default), | |
408 | because it's newer and more secure than the algorithms the documentation | |
409 | recommends. Also make sure your key is at least 2048 bits, or 4096 if you | |
410 | want to be extra secure.</dd> | |
411 | ||
412 | <dt>Advanced key pairs</dt> | |
413 | <dd>When GnuPG creates a new keypair, it compartmentalizes | |
414 | the encryption function from the signing function through <a | |
415 | href="https://wiki.debian.org/Subkeys">subkeys</a>. If you use | |
416 | subkeys carefully, you can keep your GnuPG identity much more | |
417 | secure and recover from a compromised key much more quickly. <a | |
418 | href="https://alexcabal.com/creating-the-perfect-gpg-keypair/">Alex Cabal</a> | |
419 | and <a href="http://keyring.debian.org/creating-key.html">the Debian wiki</a> | |
420 | provide good guides for setting up a secure subkey configuration.</dd> | |
421 | </dl> | |
422 | ||
423 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
424 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
425 | </div><!-- End #step-2a .step --> | |
426 | ||
427 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
428 | <div id="step-2b" class="step"> | |
429 | <div class="main"> | |
430 | ||
431 | <h3><em>Step 2.b</em> Upload your public key to a keyserver</h3> | |
432 | ||
433 | <p>In your email program's menu, select Enigmail → Key Management.</p> | |
434 | ||
435 | <p>Right click on your key and select Upload Public Keys to Keyserver. Use | |
436 | the default keyserver in the popup.</p> | |
437 | ||
438 | <p class="notes">Now someone who wants to send you an encrypted message can | |
439 | download your public key from the Internet. There are multiple keyservers | |
440 | that you can select from the menu when you upload, but they are all copies | |
441 | of each other, so it doesn't matter which one you use. However, it sometimes | |
442 | takes a few hours for them to match each other when a new key is uploaded.</p> | |
443 | ||
444 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
445 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
446 | ||
447 | <h4>Troubleshooting</h4> | |
448 | ||
449 | <dl> | |
450 | <dt>The progress bar never finishes</dt> | |
451 | <dd>Close the upload popup, make sure you are connected to the Internet, | |
452 | and try again. If that doesn't work, try again, selecting a different | |
453 | keyserver.</dd> | |
454 | ||
455 | <dt>My key doesn't appear in the list</dt> | |
456 | <dd>Try checking "Display All Keys by Default."</dd> | |
457 | ||
458 | <dt>More documentation</dt> | |
459 | <dd>If you're having trouble with our | |
460 | instructions or just want to learn more, check out <a | |
f211d856 I |
461 | href="https://www.enigmail.net/documentation/quickstart-ch2.php#id2533620"> |
462 | Enigmail's documentation</a>.</dd> | |
19bce4d7 TG |
463 | |
464 | <dt class="feedback">Don't see a solution to your problem?</dt> | |
465 | <dd class="feedback">Please let us know on the <a | |
466 | href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review">feedback | |
467 | page</a>.</dd> | |
468 | </dl> | |
469 | ||
470 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
471 | ||
472 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
473 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
474 | ||
475 | <h4>Advanced</h4> | |
476 | ||
477 | <dl> | |
478 | <dt>Uploading a key from the command line</dt> | |
479 | <dd>You can also upload your keys to a keyserver through the <a | |
480 | href="https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x457.html">command line</a>. <a | |
481 | href="https://sks-keyservers.net/overview-of-pools.php">The sks Web site</a> | |
482 | maintains a list of highly interconnected keyservers. You can also <a | |
483 | href="https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x56.html#AEN64">directly export | |
484 | your key</a> as a file on your computer.</dd> | |
485 | </dl> | |
486 | ||
487 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
488 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
489 | </div><!-- End #step-2b .step --> | |
490 | ||
491 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
492 | <div id="terminology" class="step"> | |
493 | <div class="main"> | |
494 | ||
495 | <h3>GnuPG, OpenPGP, what?</h3> | |
496 | ||
497 | <p>In general, the terms GnuPG, GPG, GNU Privacy Guard, OpenPGP and PGP | |
498 | are used interchangeably. Technically, OpenPGP (Pretty Good Privacy) is the | |
499 | encryption standard, and GNU Privacy Guard (often shortened to GPG or GnuPG) | |
500 | is the program that implements the standard. Enigmail is a plug-in program | |
501 | for your email program that provides an interface for GnuPG.</p> | |
502 | ||
503 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
504 | </div><!-- End #terminology.step--> | |
505 | </div></section><!-- End #section2 --> | |
506 | ||
507 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Section 3: Try it out ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
508 | <section class="row" id="section3"><div> | |
509 | ||
510 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ section introduction: interspersed text ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
511 | <div class="section-intro"> | |
512 | ||
513 | <h2><em>#3</em> Try it out!</h2> | |
514 | ||
515 | <p>Now you'll try a test correspondence with a computer program named Edward, | |
516 | who knows how to use encryption. Except where noted, these are the same | |
517 | steps you'd follow when corresponding with a real, live person.</p> | |
518 | ||
519 | <!-- <p>NOTE: Edward is currently having some technical difficulties, so he | |
520 | may take a long time to respond, or not respond at all. We're sorry about | |
521 | this and we're working hard to fix it. Your key will still work even without | |
522 | testing with Edward.</p> --> | |
523 | </div><!-- End .section-intro --> | |
524 | ||
525 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
526 | <div id="step-3a" class="step"> | |
527 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
528 | ||
529 | <p><img | |
530 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/section3-try-it-out.png" | |
531 | alt="Try it out." /></p> | |
532 | ||
533 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
534 | <div class="main"> | |
535 | ||
536 | <h3><em>Step 3.a</em> Send Edward your public key</h3> | |
537 | ||
538 | <p>This is a special step that you won't have to do when corresponding | |
539 | with real people. In your email program's menu, go to Enigmail → Key | |
540 | Management. You should see your key in the list that pops up. Right click | |
541 | on your key and select Send Public Keys by Email. This will create a new | |
542 | draft message, as if you had just hit the Write button.</p> | |
543 | ||
544 | <p>Address the message to <a | |
545 | href="mailto:edward-en@fsf.org">edward-en@fsf.org</a>. Put at least one word | |
546 | (whatever you want) in the subject and body of the email. Don't send yet.</p> | |
547 | ||
548 | <p>The lock icon in the top left should be yellow, meaning encryption is | |
549 | turned on. We want this first special message to be unencrypted, so | |
550 | click the icon once to turn it off. The lock should become grey, with a | |
551 | blue dot on it (to alert you that the setting has been changed from the | |
552 | default). Once encryption is off, hit Send.</p> | |
553 | ||
554 | <p class="notes">It may take two or three minutes for Edward to | |
555 | respond. In the meantime, you might want to skip ahead and check out the <a | |
556 | href="#section5">Use it Well</a> section of this guide. Once he's responded, | |
557 | head to the next step. From here on, you'll be doing just the same thing as | |
558 | when corresponding with a real person.</p> | |
559 | ||
560 | <p>When you open Edward's reply, GnuPG may prompt you for your password | |
561 | before using your private key to decrypt it.</p> | |
562 | ||
563 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
564 | </div><!-- End #step-3a .step --> | |
565 | ||
566 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
567 | <div id="step-3b" class="step"> | |
568 | <div class="main"> | |
569 | ||
570 | <h3><em>Step 3.b</em> Send a test encrypted email</h3> | |
571 | ||
572 | <p>Write a new email in your email program, addressed to <a | |
573 | href="mailto:edward-en@fsf.org">edward-en@fsf.org</a>. Make the subject | |
574 | "Encryption test" or something similar and write something in the body.</p> | |
575 | ||
576 | <p>The lock icon in the top left of the window should be yellow, meaning | |
577 | encryption is on. This will be your default from now on.</p> | |
578 | ||
579 | <p class="notes">Next to the lock, you'll notice an icon of a pencil. We'll | |
580 | get to this in a moment.</p> | |
581 | ||
582 | <p>Click Send. Enigmail will pop up a window that says "Recipients not valid, | |
583 | not trusted or not found."</p> | |
584 | ||
585 | <p>To encrypt an email to Edward, you need his public key, so now you'll have | |
586 | Enigmail download it from a keyserver. Click Download Missing Keys and use | |
587 | the default in the pop-up that asks you to choose a keyserver. Once it finds | |
588 | keys, check the first one (Key ID starting with C), then select ok. Select | |
589 | ok in the next pop-up.</p> | |
590 | ||
591 | <p>Now you are back at the "Recipients not valid, not trusted or not found" | |
592 | screen. Check the box in front of Edward's key and click Send.</p> | |
593 | ||
594 | <p class="notes">Since you encrypted this email with Edward's public key, | |
595 | Edward's private key is required to decrypt it. Edward is the only one with | |
596 | his private key, so no one except him can decrypt it.</p> | |
597 | ||
598 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
599 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
600 | ||
601 | <h4>Troubleshooting</h4> | |
602 | ||
603 | <dl> | |
604 | <dt>Enigmail can't find Edward's key</dt> | |
605 | <dd>Close the pop-ups that have appeared since you clicked Send. Make sure | |
606 | you are connected to the Internet and try again. If that doesn't work, repeat | |
607 | the process, choosing a different keyserver when it asks you to pick one.</dd> | |
608 | ||
609 | <dt>Unscrambled messages in the Sent folder</dt> | |
610 | <dd>Even though you can't decrypt messages encrypted to someone else's key, | |
611 | your email program will automatically save a copy encrypted to your public key, | |
612 | which you'll be able to view from the Sent folder like a normal email. This | |
613 | is normal, and it doesn't mean that your email was not sent encrypted.</dd> | |
614 | ||
615 | <dt>More resources</dt> | |
616 | <dd>If you're still having trouble with our | |
617 | instructions or just want to learn more, check out <a | |
f211d856 I |
618 | href="https://enigmail.wiki/Signature_and_Encryption#Encrypting_a_message"> |
619 | Enigmail's wiki</a>.</dd> | |
19bce4d7 TG |
620 | |
621 | <dt class="feedback">Don't see a solution to your problem?</dt> | |
622 | <dd class="feedback">Please let us know on the <a | |
623 | href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Public_Review">feedback | |
624 | page</a>.</dd> | |
625 | </dl> | |
626 | ||
627 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
628 | ||
629 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
630 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
631 | ||
632 | <h4>Advanced</h4> | |
633 | ||
634 | <dl> | |
635 | <dt>Encrypt messages from the command line</dt> | |
636 | <dd>You can also encrypt and decrypt messages and files from the <a | |
637 | href="https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x110.html">command line</a>, | |
638 | if that's your preference. The option --armor makes the encrypted output | |
639 | appear in the regular character set.</dd> | |
640 | </dl> | |
641 | ||
642 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
643 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
644 | </div><!-- End #step-3b .step --> | |
645 | ||
646 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
647 | <div id="step-headers_unencrypted" class="step"> | |
648 | <div class="main"> | |
0a225228 | 649 | |
19bce4d7 | 650 | <h3><em>Important:</em> Security tips</h3> |
4f3e4963 | 651 | |
19bce4d7 TG |
652 | <p>Even if you encrypt your email, the subject line is not encrypted, so |
653 | don't put private information there. The sending and receiving addresses | |
654 | aren't encrypted either, so a surveillance system can still figure out who | |
655 | you're communicating with. Also, surveillance agents will know that you're | |
656 | using GnuPG, even if they can't figure out what you're saying. When you | |
657 | send attachments, Enigmail will give you the choice to encrypt them or not, | |
658 | independent of the actual email.</p> | |
4f3e4963 | 659 | |
c2dfa493 MB |
660 | <p>For greater security against potential attacks, you can turn off |
661 | HTML. Instead, you can render the message body as plain text.</p> | |
662 | ||
19bce4d7 TG |
663 | </div><!-- End .main --> |
664 | </div><!-- End #step-headers_unencrypted .step--> | |
2b82530f | 665 | |
19bce4d7 TG |
666 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> |
667 | <div id="step-3c" class="step"> | |
668 | <div class="main"> | |
669 | ||
670 | <h3><em>Step 3.c</em> Receive a response</h3> | |
671 | ||
672 | <p>When Edward receives your email, he will use his private key to decrypt | |
673 | it, then use your public key (which you sent him in <a href="#step-3a">Step | |
674 | 3.A</a>) to encrypt his reply to you.</p> | |
675 | ||
676 | <p class="notes">It may take two or three minutes for Edward to | |
677 | respond. In the meantime, you might want to skip ahead and check out the <a | |
678 | href="#section5">Use it Well</a> section of this guide.</p> | |
679 | ||
680 | <p>When you receive Edward's email and open it, Enigmail will automatically | |
681 | detect that it is encrypted with your public key, and then it will use your | |
682 | private key to decrypt it.</p> | |
683 | ||
684 | <p>Notice the bar that Enigmail shows you above the message, with information | |
685 | about the status of Edward's key.</p> | |
686 | ||
687 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
688 | </div><!-- End #step-3c .step --> | |
689 | ||
690 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
691 | <div id="step-3d" class="step"> | |
692 | <div class="main"> | |
693 | ||
694 | <h3><em>Step 3.d</em> Send a test signed email</h3> | |
695 | ||
696 | <p>GnuPG includes a way for you to sign messages and files, verifying that | |
697 | they came from you and that they weren't tampered with along the way. These | |
698 | signatures are stronger than their pen-and-paper cousins -- they're impossible | |
699 | to forge, because they're impossible to create without your private key | |
700 | (another reason to keep your private key safe).</p> | |
701 | ||
702 | <p>You can sign messages to anyone, so it's a great way to make people | |
703 | aware that you use GnuPG and that they can communicate with you securely. If | |
704 | they don't have GnuPG, they will be able to read your message and see your | |
705 | signature. If they do have GnuPG, they'll also be able to verify that your | |
706 | signature is authentic.</p> | |
707 | ||
708 | <p>To sign an email to Edward, compose any message to him and click the | |
709 | pencil icon next to the lock icon so that it turns gold. If you sign a | |
710 | message, GnuPG may ask you for your password before it sends the message, | |
711 | because it needs to unlock your private key for signing.</p> | |
712 | ||
713 | <p>With the lock and pencil icons, you can choose whether each message will | |
714 | be encrypted, signed, both, or neither.</p> | |
715 | ||
716 | </div> | |
717 | </div> | |
718 | ||
719 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
720 | <div id="step-3e" class="step"> | |
721 | <div class="main"> | |
722 | ||
723 | <h3><em>Step 3.e</em> Receive a response</h3> | |
724 | ||
725 | <p>When Edward receives your email, he will use your public key (which you | |
726 | sent him in <a href="#step-3a">Step 3.A</a>) to verify that your signature | |
727 | is authentic and the message you sent has not been tampered with.</p> | |
728 | ||
729 | <p class="notes">It may take two or three minutes for Edward to | |
730 | respond. In the meantime, you might want to skip ahead and check out the <a | |
731 | href="#section5">Use it Well</a> section of this guide.</p> | |
732 | ||
733 | <p>Edward's reply will arrive encrypted, because he prefers to use encryption | |
734 | whenever possible. If everything goes according to plan, it should say | |
735 | "Your signature was verified." If your test signed email was also encrypted, | |
736 | he will mention that first.</p> | |
737 | ||
738 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
739 | </div><!-- End #step-3e .step --> | |
740 | </div></section> | |
741 | ||
742 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Section 4: Learn the Web of Trust ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
743 | <section class="row" id="section4"><div> | |
744 | ||
745 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ section introduction: interspersed text ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
746 | <div class="section-intro"> | |
747 | ||
748 | <h2><em>#4</em> Learn the Web of Trust</h2> | |
749 | ||
750 | <p>Email encryption is a powerful technology, but it has a weakness; | |
751 | it requires a way to verify that a person's public key is actually | |
752 | theirs. Otherwise, there would be no way to stop an attacker from making | |
753 | an email address with your friend's name, creating keys to go with it and | |
754 | impersonating your friend. That's why the free software programmers that | |
755 | developed email encryption created keysigning and the Web of Trust.</p> | |
756 | ||
757 | <p>When you sign someone's key, you are publicly saying that you've verified | |
758 | that it belongs to them and not someone else.</p> | |
759 | ||
760 | <p>Signing keys and signing messages use the same type of mathematical | |
761 | operation, but they carry very different implications. It's a good practice | |
762 | to generally sign your email, but if you casually sign people's keys, you | |
763 | may accidently end up vouching for the identity of an imposter.</p> | |
764 | ||
765 | <p>People who use your public key can see who has signed it. Once you've | |
766 | used GnuPG for a long time, your key may have hundreds of signatures. You | |
767 | can consider a key to be more trustworthy if it has many signatures from | |
768 | people that you trust. The Web of Trust is a constellation of GnuPG users, | |
769 | connected to each other by chains of trust expressed through signatures.</p> | |
770 | ||
771 | </div><!-- End .section-intro --> | |
772 | ||
773 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
774 | <div id="step-4a" class="step"> | |
775 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
776 | ||
777 | <p><img | |
778 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/section4-web-of-trust.png" | |
779 | alt="Section 4: Web of Trust" /></p> | |
780 | ||
781 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
782 | <div class="main"> | |
783 | ||
784 | <h3><em>Step 4.a</em> Sign a key</h3> | |
785 | ||
786 | <p>In your email program's menu, go to Enigmail → Key Management.</p> | |
787 | ||
788 | <p>Right click on Edward's public key and select Sign Key from the context | |
789 | menu.</p> | |
790 | ||
791 | <p>In the window that pops up, select "I will not answer" and click ok.</p> | |
792 | ||
793 | <p>Now you should be back at the Key Management menu. Select Keyserver → | |
794 | Upload Public Keys and hit ok.</p> | |
795 | ||
796 | <p class="notes">You've just effectively said "I trust that Edward's public | |
797 | key actually belongs to Edward." This doesn't mean much because Edward isn't | |
798 | a real person, but it's good practice.</p> | |
799 | ||
800 | <!--<div id="pgp-pathfinder"> | |
801 | ||
802 | <form enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" action="/mk_path.cgi" | |
803 | method="get"> | |
804 | ||
f211d856 | 805 | <p><strong>From:</strong><input type="text" value="xD41A008" |
19bce4d7 TG |
806 | name="FROM"></p> |
807 | ||
f211d856 | 808 | <p><strong>To:</strong><input type="text" value="50BD01x4" name="TO"></p> |
19bce4d7 TG |
809 | |
810 | <p class="buttons"><input type="submit" value="trust paths" name="PATHS"><input | |
811 | type="reset" value="reset" name=".reset"></p> | |
812 | ||
813 | </form> | |
814 | ||
815 | </div>End #pgp-pathfinder --> | |
816 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
817 | </div><!-- End #step-4a .step --> | |
818 | ||
819 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
820 | <div id="step-identify_keys" class="step"> | |
821 | <div class="main"> | |
822 | ||
823 | <h3>Identifying keys: Fingerprints and IDs</h3> | |
824 | ||
825 | <p>People's public keys are usually identified by their key fingerprint, | |
826 | which is a string of digits like F357AA1A5B1FA42CFD9FE52A9FF2194CC09A61E8 | |
827 | (for Edward's key). You can see the fingerprint for your public key, and | |
828 | other public keys saved on your computer, by going to Enigmail → Key | |
829 | Management in your email program's menu, then right clicking on the key | |
830 | and choosing Key Properties. It's good practice to share your fingerprint | |
831 | wherever you share your email address, so that people can double-check that | |
832 | they have the correct public key when they download yours from a keyserver.</p> | |
833 | ||
c0c01f86 MB |
834 | <p class="notes">You may also see public keys referred to by a shorter |
835 | key ID. This key ID is visible directly from the Key Management | |
836 | window. These eight character key IDs were previously used for | |
837 | identification, which used to be safe, but is no longer reliable. You | |
838 | need to check the full fingerprint as part of verifying you have the | |
839 | correct key for the person you are trying to contact. Spoofing, in | |
840 | which someone intentionally generates a key with a fingerprint whose | |
841 | final eight characters are the same as another, is unfortunately | |
842 | common.</p> | |
19bce4d7 TG |
843 | |
844 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
845 | </div><!-- End #step-identify_keys .step--> | |
846 | ||
847 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
848 | <div id="check-ids-before-signing" class="step"> | |
849 | <div class="main"> | |
850 | ||
851 | <h3><em>Important:</em> What to consider when signing keys</h3> | |
852 | ||
853 | <p>Before signing a person's key, you need to be confident that it actually | |
854 | belongs to them, and that they are who they say they are. Ideally, this | |
855 | confidence comes from having interactions and conversations with them over | |
856 | time, and witnessing interactions between them and others. Whenever signing | |
857 | a key, ask to see the full public key fingerprint, and not just the shorter | |
858 | key ID. If you feel it's important to sign the key of someone you've just | |
859 | met, also ask them to show you their government identification, and make | |
860 | sure the name on the ID matches the name on the public key. In Enigmail, | |
861 | answer honestly in the window that pops up and asks "How carefully have you | |
862 | verified that the key you are about to sign actually belongs to the person(s) | |
863 | named above?"</p> | |
864 | ||
865 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Troubleshooting ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
866 | <div class="troubleshooting"> | |
867 | ||
868 | <h4>Advanced</h4> | |
869 | ||
870 | <dl> | |
871 | <dt>Master the Web of Trust</dt> | |
872 | <dd>Unfortunately, trust does not spread between users the way <a | |
873 | href="http://fennetic.net/irc/finney.org/~hal/web_of_trust.html">many people | |
874 | think</a>. One of best ways to strengthen the GnuPG community is to deeply <a | |
875 | href="https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x334.html">understand</a> the Web of | |
876 | Trust and to carefully sign as many people's keys as circumstances permit.</dd> | |
877 | ||
878 | <dt>Set ownertrust</dt> | |
879 | <dd>If you trust someone enough to validate other people's keys, you can assign | |
880 | them an ownertrust level through Enigmails's key management window. Right | |
881 | click on the other person's key, go to the "Select Owner Trust" menu option, | |
882 | select the trustlevel and click OK. Only do this once you feel you have a | |
883 | deep understanding of the Web of Trust.</dd> | |
884 | </dl> | |
885 | ||
886 | </div><!-- /.troubleshooting --> | |
887 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
888 | </div><!-- End #check-ids-before-signing .step--> | |
889 | </div></section><!-- End #section4 --> | |
890 | ||
891 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Section 5: Use it well ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
892 | <section id="section5" class="row"><div> | |
893 | ||
894 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ section introduction: interspersed text ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
895 | <div class="section-intro"> | |
896 | ||
897 | <h2><em>#5</em> Use it well</h2> | |
898 | ||
899 | <p>Everyone uses GnuPG a little differently, but it's important to follow | |
900 | some basic practices to keep your email secure. Not following them, you | |
901 | risk the privacy of the people you communicate with, as well as your own, | |
902 | and damage the Web of Trust.</p> | |
903 | ||
904 | </div><!-- End .section-intro --> | |
905 | ||
906 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
907 | <div id="step-5a" class="step"> | |
908 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
909 | ||
910 | <p><img | |
911 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/section5-01-use-it-well.png" | |
912 | alt="Section 5: Use it Well (1)" /></p> | |
913 | ||
914 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
915 | <div class="main"> | |
916 | ||
917 | <h3>When should I encrypt? When should I sign?</h3> | |
918 | ||
919 | <p>The more you can encrypt your messages, the better. If you only encrypt | |
920 | emails occasionally, each encrypted message could raise a red flag for | |
921 | surveillance systems. If all or most of your email is encrypted, people | |
922 | doing surveillance won't know where to start. That's not to say that only | |
923 | encrypting some of your email isn't helpful -- it's a great start and it | |
924 | makes bulk surveillance more difficult.</p> | |
925 | ||
926 | <p>Unless you don't want to reveal your own identity (which requires other | |
927 | protective measures), there's no reason not to sign every message, whether or | |
928 | not you are encrypting. In addition to allowing those with GnuPG to verify | |
929 | that the message came from you, signing is a non-intrusive way to remind | |
930 | everyone that you use GnuPG and show support for secure communication. If you | |
931 | often send signed messages to people that aren't familiar with GnuPG, it's | |
932 | nice to also include a link to this guide in your standard email signature | |
933 | (the text kind, not the cryptographic kind).</p> | |
934 | ||
935 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
936 | </div><!-- End #step-5a .step --> | |
937 | ||
938 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
939 | <div id="step-5b" class="step"> | |
940 | <div class="sidebar"> | |
941 | ||
942 | <p><img | |
943 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/en/screenshots/section5-02-use-it-well.png" | |
944 | alt="Section 5: Use it Well (2)" /></p> | |
945 | ||
946 | </div><!-- /.sidebar --> | |
947 | <div class="main"> | |
948 | ||
949 | <h3>Be wary of invalid keys</h3> | |
950 | ||
951 | <p>GnuPG makes email safer, but it's still important to watch out for invalid | |
952 | keys, which might have fallen into the wrong hands. Email encrypted with | |
953 | invalid keys might be readable by surveillance programs.</p> | |
954 | ||
955 | <p>In your email program, go back to the first encrypted email that Edward | |
956 | sent you. Because Edward encrypted it with your public key, it will have a | |
957 | message from Enigmail at the top, which most likely says "Enigmail: Part of | |
958 | this message encrypted."</p> | |
959 | ||
960 | <p><b>When using GnuPG, make a habit of glancing at that bar. The program | |
4227f3fd | 961 | will warn you there if you get an email signed with a key that can't |
19bce4d7 TG |
962 | be trusted.</b></p> |
963 | ||
964 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
965 | </div><!-- End #step-5b .step --> | |
966 | ||
967 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
968 | <div id="step-5c" class="step"> | |
969 | <div class="main"> | |
970 | ||
971 | <h3>Copy your revocation certificate to somewhere safe</h3> | |
972 | ||
973 | <p>Remember when you created your keys and saved the revocation certificate | |
974 | that GnuPG made? It's time to copy that certificate onto the safest digital | |
975 | storage that you have -- the ideal thing is a flash drive, disk, or hard | |
976 | drive stored in a safe place in your home, not on a device you carry with | |
977 | you regularly.</p> | |
978 | ||
979 | <p>If your private key ever gets lost or stolen, you'll need this certificate | |
980 | file to let people know that you are no longer using that keypair.</p> | |
981 | ||
982 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
983 | </div><!-- End #step-5c .step --> | |
984 | ||
985 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
986 | <div id="step-lost_key" class="step"> | |
987 | <div class="main"> | |
988 | ||
989 | <h3><em>Important:</em> act swiftly if someone gets your private key</h3> | |
990 | ||
991 | <p>If you lose your private key or someone else gets ahold | |
992 | of it (say, by stealing or cracking your computer), it's | |
993 | important to revoke it immediately before someone else uses | |
994 | it to read your encrypted email or forge your signature. This | |
995 | guide doesn't cover how to revoke a key, but you can follow these <a | |
996 | href="https://www.hackdiary.com/2004/01/18/revoking-a-gpg-key/">instructions</a>. | |
997 | After you're done revoking, make a new key and send an email to everyone | |
998 | with whom you usually use your key to make sure they know, including a copy | |
999 | of your new key.</p> | |
1000 | ||
1001 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
1002 | </div><!-- End #step-lost_key .step--> | |
1003 | ||
1004 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
1005 | <!---<div id="transfer-key" class="step"> | |
1006 | <div class="main"> | |
1007 | ||
1008 | <h3>Transferring you key</h3> | |
1009 | ||
1010 | <p>You can use Enigmail's <a | |
1011 | href="https://www.enigmail.net/documentation/keyman.php">key management | |
1012 | window</a> to import and export keys. If you want to be able to read | |
1013 | your encrypted email on a different computer, you will need to export | |
1014 | your secret key from here. Be warned, if you transfer the key without <a | |
1015 | href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EncryptedFilesystemsOnRemovableStorage">encrypting</a> | |
1016 | the drive it's on the transfer will be dramatically less secure.</p> | |
1017 | ||
1018 | </div>--><!-- End .main | |
1019 | </div> End #transfer-key .step--> | |
1020 | ||
1021 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
1022 | <div id="webmail-and-GnuPG" class="step"> | |
1023 | <div class="main"> | |
1024 | ||
1025 | <h3>Webmail and GnuPG</h3> | |
1026 | ||
1027 | <p>When you use a web browser to access your email, you're using webmail, | |
1028 | an email program stored on a distant website. Unlike webmail, your desktop | |
1029 | email program runs on your own computer. Although webmail can't decrypt | |
1030 | encrypted email, it will still display it in its encrypted form. If you | |
1031 | primarily use webmail, you'll know to open your email client when you receive | |
1032 | a scrambled email.</p> | |
1033 | ||
1034 | </div><!-- End .main --> | |
1035 | </div><!-- End #webmail-and-GnuPG .step--> | |
1036 | ||
1037 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ a div for each step ~~~~~~~~~ | |
1038 | <div id="step-5d" class="step"> | |
1039 | <div class="main"> | |
1040 | ||
1041 | <h3>Make your public key part of your online identity</h3> | |
1042 | ||
1043 | <p> First add your public key fingerprint to your email signature, then | |
1044 | compose an email to at least five of your friends, telling them you just | |
1045 | set up GnuPG and mentioning your public key fingerprint. Link to this guide | |
1046 | and ask them to join you. Don't forget that there's also an awesome <a | |
1047 | href="infographic.html">infographic to share.</a></p> | |
1048 | ||
1049 | <p class="notes">Start writing your public key fingerprint anywhere someone | |
1050 | would see your email address: your social media profiles, blog, Website, | |
1051 | or business card. (At the Free Software Foundation, we put ours on our | |
1052 | <a href="https://fsf.org/about/staff">staff page</a>.) We need to get our | |
1053 | culture to the point that we feel like something is missing when we see an | |
1054 | email address without a public key fingerprint.</p> | |
1055 | ||
1056 | </div>--><!-- End .main | |
1057 | </div> End #step-5d .step--> | |
1058 | </div></section><!-- End #section5 --> | |
1059 | ||
1060 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Section 6: Next steps ~~~~~~~~~ --> | |
b3eff1c4 | 1061 | <section class="row" id="section6"> |
19bce4d7 TG |
1062 | <div id="step-click_here" class="step"> |
1063 | <div class="main"> | |
4f3e4963 | 1064 | |
19bce4d7 | 1065 | <h2><a href="next_steps.html">Great job! Check out the next steps.</a></h2> |
2b82530f | 1066 | |
19bce4d7 TG |
1067 | </div><!-- End .main --> |
1068 | </div><!-- End #step-click_here .step--> | |
b3eff1c4 | 1069 | </section><!-- End #section6 --> |
2b82530f | 1070 | |
19bce4d7 | 1071 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ FAQ ~~~~~~~~~ --> |
b3eff1c4 ZR |
1072 | <!-- When un-commenting this section go to main.css and search |
1073 | for /* Guide Sections Background */ then add #faq to the desired color | |
19bce4d7 | 1074 | <section class="row" id="faq"><div> |
b3eff1c4 | 1075 | <div class="sidebar"> |
19bce4d7 | 1076 | |
b3eff1c4 | 1077 | <h2>FAQ</h2> |
b3eff1c4 | 1078 | |
19bce4d7 | 1079 | </div> |
b3eff1c4 | 1080 | <div class="main"> |
19bce4d7 | 1081 | |
b3eff1c4 ZR |
1082 | <dl> |
1083 | <dt>My key expired</dt> | |
1084 | <dd>Answer coming soon.</dd> | |
1085 | ||
1086 | <dt>Who can read encrypted messages? Who can read signed ones?</dt> | |
1087 | <dd>Answer coming soon.</dd> | |
1088 | ||
19bce4d7 TG |
1089 | <dt>My email program is opening at times I don't want it to open/is now my |
1090 | default program and I don't want it to be.</dt> | |
b3eff1c4 ZR |
1091 | <dd>Answer coming soon.</dd> |
1092 | </dl> | |
19bce4d7 | 1093 | |
b3eff1c4 ZR |
1094 | </div> |
1095 | </div> | |
1096 | </section> --><!-- End #faq --> | |
1097 | ||
19bce4d7 TG |
1098 | <!-- ~~~~~~~~~ Footer ~~~~~~~~~ --> |
1099 | <footer class="row" id="footer"><div> | |
1100 | <div id="copyright"> | |
1101 | ||
1102 | <h4><a href="https://u.fsf.org/ys"><img | |
1103 | alt="Free Software Foundation" | |
1104 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/fsf-logo.png" /></a></h4> | |
1105 | ||
1106 | <p>Copyright © 2014-2016 <a | |
1107 | href="https://u.fsf.org/ys">Free Software Foundation</a>, Inc. <a | |
1108 | href="https://my.fsf.org/donate/privacypolicy.html">Privacy Policy</a>. Please | |
1109 | support our work by <a href="https://u.fsf.org/yr">joining us as an associate | |
1110 | member.</a></p> | |
1111 | ||
1112 | <p>The images on this page are under a <a | |
1113 | href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons | |
1114 | Attribution 4.0 license (or later version)</a>, and the rest of it is under | |
1115 | a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">Creative Commons | |
1116 | Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 license (or later version)</a>. Download the <a | |
f211d856 I |
1117 | href="http://agpl.fsf.org/emailselfdefense.fsf.org/edward/CURRENT/edward.tar.gz"> |
1118 | source code of Edward reply bot</a> by Andrew Engelbrecht | |
19bce4d7 TG |
1119 | <sudoman@ninthfloor.org> and Josh Drake <zamnedix@gnu.org>, |
1120 | available under the GNU Affero General Public License. <a | |
1121 | href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#OtherLicenses">Why these | |
1122 | licenses?</a></p> | |
1123 | ||
1124 | <p>Fonts used in the guide & infographic: <a | |
1125 | href="https://www.google.com/fonts/specimen/Dosis">Dosis</a> by Pablo | |
1126 | Impallari, <a href="http://www.google.com/fonts/specimen/Signika">Signika</a> | |
1127 | by Anna Giedryś, <a | |
1128 | href="http://www.google.com/fonts/specimen/Archivo+Narrow">Archivo | |
1129 | Narrow</a> by Omnibus-Type, <a | |
1130 | href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/GPG_guide/Graphics_Howto#Pitfalls">PXL-2000</a> | |
1131 | by Florian Cramer.</p> | |
1132 | ||
1133 | <p>Download the <a href="emailselfdefense_source.zip">source package</a> | |
1134 | for this guide, including fonts, image source files and the text of Edward's | |
1135 | messages.</p> | |
1136 | ||
1137 | <p>This site uses the Weblabels standard for labeling <a | |
1138 | href="https://www.fsf.org/campaigns/freejs">free JavaScript</a>. View | |
1139 | the JavaScript <a href="//weblabels.fsf.org/emailselfdefense.fsf.org/" | |
1140 | rel="jslicense">source code and license information</a>.</p> | |
1141 | ||
1142 | </div><!-- /#copyright --> | |
1143 | ||
1144 | <p class="credits">Infographic and guide design by <a rel="external" | |
1145 | href="http://jplusplus.org"><strong>Journalism++</strong><img | |
1146 | src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/enc-dev0/img/jplusplus.png" | |
1147 | alt="Journalism++" /></a></p><!-- /.credits --> | |
1148 | </div></footer><!-- End #footer --> | |
b3eff1c4 | 1149 | |
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