4 This file contains descriptions of new features that have been added to Exim.
5 Before a formal release, there may be quite a lot of detail so that people can
6 test from the snapshots or the CVS before the documentation is updated. Once
7 the documentation is updated, this file is reduced to a short list.
12 1. New command-line option -bI:sieve will list all supported sieve extensions
13 of this Exim build on standard output, one per line.
14 ManageSieve (RFC 5804) providers managing scripts for use by Exim should
15 query this to establish the correct list to include in the protocol's
16 SIEVE capability line.
18 2. If the -n option is combined with the -bP option, then the name of an
19 emitted option is not output, only the value (if visible to you).
20 For instance, "exim -n -bP pid_file_path" should just emit a pathname
21 followed by a newline, and no other text.
23 3. When built with SUPPORT_TLS and USE_GNUTLS, the SMTP transport driver now
24 has a "tls_dh_min_bits" option, to set the minimum acceptable number of
25 bits in the Diffie-Hellman prime offered by a server (in DH ciphersuites)
26 acceptable for security. (Option accepted but ignored if using OpenSSL).
27 Defaults to 1024, the old value. May be lowered only to 512, or raised as
28 far as you like. Raising this may hinder TLS interoperability with other
29 sites and is not currently recommended. Lowering this will permit you to
30 establish a TLS session which is not as secure as you might like.
32 Unless you really know what you are doing, leave it alone.
34 4. If not built with DISABLE_DNSSEC, Exim now has the main option
35 dns_use_dnssec; if set to 1 then Exim will initialise the resolver library
36 to send the DO flag to your recursive resolver. If you have a recursive
37 resolver, which can set the Authenticated Data (AD) flag in results, Exim
40 Current status: work-in-progress; $sender_host_dnssec variable added.
42 5. DSCP support for outbound connections: on a transport using the smtp driver,
43 set "dscp = ef", for instance, to cause the connections to have the relevant
44 DSCP (IPv4 TOS or IPv6 TCLASS) value in the header.
46 Similarly for inbound connections, there is a new control modifier, dscp,
47 so "warn control = dscp/ef" in the connect ACL, or after authentication.
49 Supported values depend upon system libraries. "exim -bI:dscp" to list the
50 ones Exim knows of. You can also set a raw number 0..0x3F.
52 6. The -G command-line flag is no longer ignored; it is now equivalent to an
53 ACL setting "control = suppress_local_fixups". The -L command-line flag
54 is now accepted and forces use of syslog, with the provided tag as the
55 process name. A few other flags used by Sendmail are now accepted and
58 7. New cutthrough routing feature. Requested by a "control = cutthrough_delivery"
59 ACL modifier; works for single-recipient mails which are recieved on and
60 deliverable via SMTP. Using the connection made for a recipient verify,
61 if requested before the verify, or a new one made for the purpose while
62 the inbound connection is still active. The bulk of the mail item is copied
63 direct from the inbound socket to the outbound (as well as the spool file).
64 When the source notifies the end of data, the data acceptance by the destination
65 is negociated before the acceptance is sent to the source. If the destination
66 does not accept the mail item, for example due to content-scanning, the item
67 is not accepted from the source and therefore there is no need to generate
68 a bounce mail. This is of benefit when providing a secondary-MX service.
69 The downside is that delays are under the control of the ultimate destination
72 The Recieved-by: header on items delivered by cutthrough is generated
73 early in reception rather than at the end; this will affect any timestamp
74 included. The log line showing delivery is recorded before that showing
75 reception; it uses a new ">>" tag instead of "=>".
77 To support the feature, verify-callout connections can now use ESMTP and TLS.
78 The usual smtp transport options are honoured, plus a (new, default everything)
79 hosts_verify_avoid_tls.
81 New variable families named tls_in_cipher, tls_out_cipher etc. are introduced
82 for specific access to the information for each connection. The old names
83 are present for now but deprecated.
85 Not yet supported: IGNOREQUOTA, SIZE, PIPELINING, AUTH.
87 8. New expansion operators ${listnamed:name} to get the content of a named list
88 and ${listcount:string} to count the items in a list.
90 9. New global option "gnutls_enable_pkcs11", defaults false. The GnuTLS
91 rewrite in 4.80 combines with GnuTLS 2.12.0 or later, to autoload PKCS11
92 modules. For some situations this is desirable, but we expect admin in
93 those situations to know they want the feature. More commonly, it means
94 that GUI user modules get loaded and are broken by the setuid Exim being
95 unable to access files specified in environment variables and passed
96 through, thus breakage. So we explicitly inhibit the PKCS11 initialisation
97 unless this new option is set.
99 10. The "acl = name" condition on an ACL now supports optional arguments.
100 New expansion item "${acl {name}{arg}...}" and expansion condition
101 "acl {{name}{arg}...}" are added. In all cases up to nine arguments
102 can be used, appearing in $acl_arg1 to $acl_arg9 for the called ACL.
103 Variable $acl_narg contains the number of arguments. If the ACL sets
104 a "message =" value this becomes the result of the expansion item,
105 or the value of $value for the expansion condition. If the ACL returns
106 accept the expansion condition is true; if reject, false. A defer
107 return results in a forced fail.
109 11. Routers and transports can now have multiple headers_add and headers_remove
110 option lines. The concatenated list is used.
112 12. New ACL modifier "remove_header" can remove headers before message gets
113 handled by routers/transports.
115 13. New dnsdb lookup pseudo-type "a+". A sequence of "a6" (if configured),
116 "aaaa" and "a" lookups is done and the full set of results returned.
118 14. New expansion variable $headers_added with content from ACL add_header
119 modifier (but not yet added to messsage).
121 15. New 8bitmime status logging option for received messages. Log field "M8S".
127 1. New authenticator driver, "gsasl". Server-only (at present).
128 This is a SASL interface, licensed under GPL, which can be found at
129 http://www.gnu.org/software/gsasl/.
130 This system does not provide sources of data for authentication, so
131 careful use needs to be made of the conditions in Exim.
133 2. New authenticator driver, "heimdal_gssapi". Server-only.
134 A replacement for using cyrus_sasl with Heimdal, now that $KRB5_KTNAME
135 is no longer honoured for setuid programs by Heimdal. Use the
136 "server_keytab" option to point to the keytab.
138 3. The "pkg-config" system can now be used when building Exim to reference
139 cflags and library information for lookups and authenticators, rather
140 than having to update "CFLAGS", "AUTH_LIBS", "LOOKUP_INCLUDE" and
141 "LOOKUP_LIBS" directly. Similarly for handling the TLS library support
142 without adjusting "TLS_INCLUDE" and "TLS_LIBS".
144 In addition, setting PCRE_CONFIG=yes will query the pcre-config tool to
145 find the headers and libraries for PCRE.
147 4. New expansion variable $tls_bits.
149 5. New lookup type, "dbmjz". Key is an Exim list, the elements of which will
150 be joined together with ASCII NUL characters to construct the key to pass
151 into the DBM library. Can be used with gsasl to access sasldb2 files as
154 6. OpenSSL now supports TLS1.1 and TLS1.2 with OpenSSL 1.0.1.
156 Avoid release 1.0.1a if you can. Note that the default value of
157 "openssl_options" is no longer "+dont_insert_empty_fragments", as that
158 increased susceptibility to attack. This may still have interoperability
159 implications for very old clients (see version 4.31 change 37) but
160 administrators can choose to make the trade-off themselves and restore
161 compatibility at the cost of session security.
163 7. Use of the new expansion variable $tls_sni in the main configuration option
164 tls_certificate will cause Exim to re-expand the option, if the client
165 sends the TLS Server Name Indication extension, to permit choosing a
166 different certificate; tls_privatekey will also be re-expanded. You must
167 still set these options to expand to valid files when $tls_sni is not set.
169 The SMTP Transport has gained the option tls_sni, which will set a hostname
170 for outbound TLS sessions, and set $tls_sni too.
172 A new log_selector, +tls_sni, has been added, to log received SNI values
173 for Exim as a server.
175 8. The existing "accept_8bitmime" option now defaults to true. This means
176 that Exim is deliberately not strictly RFC compliant. We're following
177 Dan Bernstein's advice in http://cr.yp.to/smtp/8bitmime.html by default.
178 Those who disagree, or know that they are talking to mail servers that,
179 even today, are not 8-bit clean, need to turn off this option.
181 9. Exim can now be started with -bw (with an optional timeout, given as
182 -bw<timespec>). With this, stdin at startup is a socket that is
183 already listening for connections. This has a more modern name of
184 "socket activation", but forcing the activated socket to fd 0. We're
185 interested in adding more support for modern variants.
187 10. ${eval } now uses 64-bit values on supporting platforms. A new "G" suffix
188 for numbers indicates multiplication by 1024^3.
190 11. The GnuTLS support has been revamped; the three options gnutls_require_kx,
191 gnutls_require_mac & gnutls_require_protocols are no longer supported.
192 tls_require_ciphers is now parsed by gnutls_priority_init(3) as a priority
193 string, documentation for which is at:
194 http://www.gnu.org/software/gnutls/manual/html_node/Priority-Strings.html
196 SNI support has been added to Exim's GnuTLS integration too.
198 For sufficiently recent GnuTLS libraries, ${randint:..} will now use
199 gnutls_rnd(), asking for GNUTLS_RND_NONCE level randomness.
201 12. With OpenSSL, if built with EXPERIMENTAL_OCSP, a new option tls_ocsp_file
202 is now available. If the contents of the file are valid, then Exim will
203 send that back in response to a TLS status request; this is OCSP Stapling.
204 Exim will not maintain the contents of the file in any way: administrators
205 are responsible for ensuring that it is up-to-date.
207 See "experimental-spec.txt" for more details.
209 13. ${lookup dnsdb{ }} supports now SPF record types. They are handled
210 identically to TXT record lookups.
212 14. New expansion variable $tod_epoch_l for higher-precision time.
214 15. New global option tls_dh_max_bits, defaulting to current value of NSS
215 hard-coded limit of DH ephemeral bits, to fix interop problems caused by
216 GnuTLS 2.12 library recommending a bit count higher than NSS supports.
218 16. tls_dhparam now used by both OpenSSL and GnuTLS, can be path or identifier.
219 Option can now be a path or an identifier for a standard prime.
220 If unset, we use the DH prime from section 2.2 of RFC 5114, "ike23".
221 Set to "historic" to get the old GnuTLS behaviour of auto-generated DH
224 17. SSLv2 now disabled by default in OpenSSL. (Never supported by GnuTLS).
225 Use "openssl_options -no_sslv2" to re-enable support, if your OpenSSL
226 install was not built with OPENSSL_NO_SSL2 ("no-ssl2").
232 1. New options for the ratelimit ACL condition: /count= and /unique=.
233 The /noupdate option has been replaced by a /readonly option.
235 2. The SMTP transport's protocol option may now be set to "smtps", to
236 use SSL-on-connect outbound.
238 3. New variable $av_failed, set true if the AV scanner deferred; ie, when
239 there is a problem talking to the AV scanner, or the AV scanner running.
241 4. New expansion conditions, "inlist" and "inlisti", which take simple lists
242 and check if the search item is a member of the list. This does not
243 support named lists, but does subject the list part to string expansion.
245 5. Unless the new EXPAND_LISTMATCH_RHS build option is set when Exim was
246 built, Exim no longer performs string expansion on the second string of
247 the match_* expansion conditions: "match_address", "match_domain",
248 "match_ip" & "match_local_part". Named lists can still be used.
254 1. The global option "dns_use_edns0" may be set to coerce EDNS0 usage on
255 or off in the resolver library.
261 1. In addition to the existing LDAP and LDAP/SSL ("ldaps") support, there
262 is now LDAP/TLS support, given sufficiently modern OpenLDAP client
263 libraries. The following global options have been added in support of
264 this: ldap_ca_cert_dir, ldap_ca_cert_file, ldap_cert_file, ldap_cert_key,
265 ldap_cipher_suite, ldap_require_cert, ldap_start_tls.
267 2. The pipe transport now takes a boolean option, "freeze_signal", default
268 false. When true, if the external delivery command exits on a signal then
269 Exim will freeze the message in the queue, instead of generating a bounce.
271 3. Log filenames may now use %M as an escape, instead of %D (still available).
272 The %M pattern expands to yyyymm, providing month-level resolution.
274 4. The $message_linecount variable is now updated for the maildir_tag option,
275 in the same way as $message_size, to reflect the real number of lines,
276 including any header additions or removals from transport.
278 5. When contacting a pool of SpamAssassin servers configured in spamd_address,
279 Exim now selects entries randomly, to better scale in a cluster setup.
285 1. SECURITY FIX: privilege escalation flaw fixed. On Linux (and only Linux)
286 the flaw permitted the Exim run-time user to cause root to append to
287 arbitrary files of the attacker's choosing, with the content based
288 on content supplied by the attacker.
290 2. Exim now supports loading some lookup types at run-time, using your
291 platform's dlopen() functionality. This has limited platform support
292 and the intention is not to support every variant, it's limited to
293 dlopen(). This permits the main Exim binary to not be linked against
294 all the libraries needed for all the lookup types.
300 NOTE: this version is not guaranteed backwards-compatible, please read the
301 items below carefully
303 1. A new main configuration option, "openssl_options", is available if Exim
304 is built with SSL support provided by OpenSSL. The option allows
305 administrators to specify OpenSSL options to be used on connections;
306 typically this is to set bug compatibility features which the OpenSSL
307 developers have not enabled by default. There may be security
308 consequences for certain options, so these should not be changed
311 2. A new pipe transport option, "permit_coredumps", may help with problem
312 diagnosis in some scenarios. Note that Exim is typically installed as
313 a setuid binary, which on most OSes will inhibit coredumps by default,
314 so that safety mechanism would have to be overridden for this option to
315 be able to take effect.
317 3. ClamAV 0.95 is now required for ClamAV support in Exim, unless
318 Local/Makefile sets: WITH_OLD_CLAMAV_STREAM=yes
319 Note that this switches Exim to use a new API ("INSTREAM") and a future
320 release of ClamAV will remove support for the old API ("STREAM").
322 The av_scanner option, when set to "clamd", now takes an optional third
323 part, "local", which causes Exim to pass a filename to ClamAV instead of
324 the file content. This is the same behaviour as when clamd is pointed at
325 a Unix-domain socket. For example:
327 av_scanner = clamd:192.0.2.3 1234:local
329 ClamAV's ExtendedDetectionInfo response format is now handled.
331 4. There is now a -bmalware option, restricted to admin users. This option
332 takes one parameter, a filename, and scans that file with Exim's
333 malware-scanning framework. This is intended purely as a debugging aid
334 to ensure that Exim's scanning is working, not to replace other tools.
335 Note that the ACL framework is not invoked, so if av_scanner references
336 ACL variables without a fallback then this will fail.
338 5. There is a new expansion operator, "reverse_ip", which will reverse IP
339 addresses; IPv4 into dotted quad, IPv6 into dotted nibble. Examples:
341 ${reverse_ip:192.0.2.4}
343 ${reverse_ip:2001:0db8:c42:9:1:abcd:192.0.2.3}
344 -> 3.0.2.0.0.0.0.c.d.c.b.a.1.0.0.0.9.0.0.0.2.4.c.0.8.b.d.0.1.0.0.2
346 6. There is a new ACL control called "debug", to enable debug logging.
347 This allows selective logging of certain incoming transactions within
348 production environments, with some care. It takes two options, "tag"
349 and "opts"; "tag" is included in the filename of the log and "opts"
350 is used as per the -d<options> command-line option. Examples, which
351 don't all make sense in all contexts:
354 control = debug/tag=.$sender_host_address
355 control = debug/opts=+expand+acl
356 control = debug/tag=.$message_exim_id/opts=+expand
358 7. It has always been implicit in the design and the documentation that
359 "the Exim user" is not root. src/EDITME said that using root was
360 "very strongly discouraged". This is not enough to keep people from
361 shooting themselves in the foot in days when many don't configure Exim
362 themselves but via package build managers. The security consequences of
363 running various bits of network code are severe if there should be bugs in
364 them. As such, the Exim user may no longer be root. If configured
365 statically, Exim will refuse to build. If configured as ref:user then Exim
366 will exit shortly after start-up. If you must shoot yourself in the foot,
367 then henceforth you will have to maintain your own local patches to strip
370 8. There is a new expansion condition, bool_lax{}. Where bool{} uses the ACL
371 condition logic to determine truth/failure and will fail to expand many
372 strings, bool_lax{} uses the router condition logic, where most strings
374 Note: bool{00} is false, bool_lax{00} is true.
376 9. Routers now support multiple "condition" tests.
378 10. There is now a runtime configuration option "tcp_wrappers_daemon_name".
379 Setting this allows an admin to define which entry in the tcpwrappers
380 config file will be used to control access to the daemon. This option
381 is only available when Exim is built with USE_TCP_WRAPPERS. The
382 default value is set at build time using the TCP_WRAPPERS_DAEMON_NAME
385 11. [POSSIBLE CONFIG BREAKAGE] The default value for system_filter_user is now
386 the Exim run-time user, instead of root.
388 12. [POSSIBLE CONFIG BREAKAGE] ALT_CONFIG_ROOT_ONLY is no longer optional and
389 is forced on. This is mitigated by the new build option
390 TRUSTED_CONFIG_LIST which defines a list of configuration files which
391 are trusted; one per line. If a config file is owned by root and matches
392 a pathname in the list, then it may be invoked by the Exim build-time
393 user without Exim relinquishing root privileges.
395 13. [POSSIBLE CONFIG BREAKAGE] The Exim user is no longer automatically
396 trusted to supply -D<Macro[=Value]> overrides on the command-line. Going
397 forward, we recommend using TRUSTED_CONFIG_LIST with shim configs that
398 include the main config. As a transition mechanism, we are temporarily
399 providing a work-around: the new build option WHITELIST_D_MACROS provides
400 a colon-separated list of macro names which may be overridden by the Exim
401 run-time user. The values of these macros are constrained to the regex
402 ^[A-Za-z0-9_/.-]*$ (which explicitly does allow for empty values).
408 1. TWO SECURITY FIXES: one relating to mail-spools which are globally
409 writable, the other to locking of MBX folders (not mbox).
411 2. MySQL stored procedures are now supported.
413 3. The dkim_domain transport option is now a list, not a single string, and
414 messages will be signed for each element in the list (discarding
417 4. The 4.70 release unexpectedly changed the behaviour of dnsdb TXT lookups
418 in the presence of multiple character strings within the RR. Prior to 4.70,
419 only the first string would be returned. The dnsdb lookup now, by default,
420 preserves the pre-4.70 semantics, but also now takes an extended output
421 separator specification. The separator can be followed by a semicolon, to
422 concatenate the individual text strings together with no join character,
423 or by a comma and a second separator character, in which case the text
424 strings within a TXT record are joined on that second character.
425 Administrators are reminded that DNS provides no ordering guarantees
426 between multiple records in an RRset. For example:
428 foo.example. IN TXT "a" "b" "c"
429 foo.example. IN TXT "d" "e" "f"
431 ${lookup dnsdb{>/ txt=foo.example}} -> "a/d"
432 ${lookup dnsdb{>/; txt=foo.example}} -> "def/abc"
433 ${lookup dnsdb{>/,+ txt=foo.example}} -> "a+b+c/d+e+f"
439 1. Native DKIM support without an external library.
440 (Note that if no action to prevent it is taken, a straight upgrade will
441 result in DKIM verification of all signed incoming emails. See spec
442 for details on conditionally disabling)
444 2. Experimental DCC support via dccifd (contributed by Wolfgang Breyha).
446 3. There is now a bool{} expansion condition which maps certain strings to
447 true/false condition values (most likely of use in conjunction with the
448 and{} expansion operator).
450 4. The $spam_score, $spam_bar and $spam_report variables are now available
453 5. exim -bP now supports "macros", "macro_list" or "macro MACRO_NAME" as
454 options, provided that Exim is invoked by an admin_user.
456 6. There is a new option gnutls_compat_mode, when linked against GnuTLS,
457 which increases compatibility with older clients at the cost of decreased
458 security. Don't set this unless you need to support such clients.
460 7. There is a new expansion operator, ${randint:...} which will produce a
461 "random" number less than the supplied integer. This randomness is
462 not guaranteed to be cryptographically strong, but depending upon how
463 Exim was built may be better than the most naive schemes.
465 8. Exim now explicitly ensures that SHA256 is available when linked against
468 9. The transport_filter_timeout option now applies to SMTP transports too.
474 1. Preliminary DKIM support in Experimental.
480 1. The body_linecount and body_zerocount C variables are now exported in the
483 2. When a dnslists lookup succeeds, the key that was looked up is now placed
484 in $dnslist_matched. When the key is an IP address, it is not reversed in
485 this variable (though it is, of course, in the actual lookup). In simple
488 deny dnslists = spamhaus.example
490 the key is also available in another variable (in this case,
491 $sender_host_address). In more complicated cases, however, this is not
492 true. For example, using a data lookup might generate a dnslists lookup
495 deny dnslists = spamhaus.example/<|192.168.1.2|192.168.6.7|...
497 If this condition succeeds, the value in $dnslist_matched might be
498 192.168.6.7 (for example).
500 3. Authenticators now have a client_condition option. When Exim is running as
501 a client, it skips an authenticator whose client_condition expansion yields
502 "0", "no", or "false". This can be used, for example, to skip plain text
503 authenticators when the connection is not encrypted by a setting such as:
505 client_condition = ${if !eq{$tls_cipher}{}}
507 Note that the 4.67 documentation states that $tls_cipher contains the
508 cipher used for incoming messages. In fact, during SMTP delivery, it
509 contains the cipher used for the delivery. The same is true for
512 4. There is now a -Mvc <message-id> option, which outputs a copy of the
513 message to the standard output, in RFC 2822 format. The option can be used
514 only by an admin user.
516 5. There is now a /noupdate option for the ratelimit ACL condition. It
517 computes the rate and checks the limit as normal, but it does not update
518 the saved data. This means that, in relevant ACLs, it is possible to lookup
519 the existence of a specified (or auto-generated) ratelimit key without
520 incrementing the ratelimit counter for that key.
522 In order for this to be useful, another ACL entry must set the rate
523 for the same key somewhere (otherwise it will always be zero).
528 # Read the rate; if it doesn't exist or is below the maximum
530 deny ratelimit = 100 / 5m / strict / noupdate
531 log_message = RATE: $sender_rate / $sender_rate_period \
532 (max $sender_rate_limit)
534 [... some other logic and tests...]
536 warn ratelimit = 100 / 5m / strict / per_cmd
537 log_message = RATE UPDATE: $sender_rate / $sender_rate_period \
538 (max $sender_rate_limit)
539 condition = ${if le{$sender_rate}{$sender_rate_limit}}
543 6. The variable $max_received_linelength contains the number of bytes in the
544 longest line that was received as part of the message, not counting the
545 line termination character(s).
547 7. Host lists can now include +ignore_defer and +include_defer, analagous to
548 +ignore_unknown and +include_unknown. These options should be used with
549 care, probably only in non-critical host lists such as whitelists.
551 8. There's a new option called queue_only_load_latch, which defaults true.
552 If set false when queue_only_load is greater than zero, Exim re-evaluates
553 the load for each incoming message in an SMTP session. Otherwise, once one
554 message is queued, the remainder are also.
556 9. There is a new ACL, specified by acl_smtp_notquit, which is run in most
557 cases when an SMTP session ends without sending QUIT. However, when Exim
558 itself is is bad trouble, such as being unable to write to its log files,
559 this ACL is not run, because it might try to do things (such as write to
560 log files) that make the situation even worse.
562 Like the QUIT ACL, this new ACL is provided to make it possible to gather
563 statistics. Whatever it returns (accept or deny) is immaterial. The "delay"
564 modifier is forbidden in this ACL.
566 When the NOTQUIT ACL is running, the variable $smtp_notquit_reason is set
567 to a string that indicates the reason for the termination of the SMTP
568 connection. The possible values are:
570 acl-drop Another ACL issued a "drop" command
571 bad-commands Too many unknown or non-mail commands
572 command-timeout Timeout while reading SMTP commands
573 connection-lost The SMTP connection has been lost
574 data-timeout Timeout while reading message data
575 local-scan-error The local_scan() function crashed
576 local-scan-timeout The local_scan() function timed out
577 signal-exit SIGTERM or SIGINT
578 synchronization-error SMTP synchronization error
579 tls-failed TLS failed to start
581 In most cases when an SMTP connection is closed without having received
582 QUIT, Exim sends an SMTP response message before actually closing the
583 connection. With the exception of acl-drop, the default message can be
584 overridden by the "message" modifier in the NOTQUIT ACL. In the case of a
585 "drop" verb in another ACL, it is the message from the other ACL that is
588 10. For MySQL and PostgreSQL lookups, it is now possible to specify a list of
589 servers with individual queries. This is done by starting the query with
590 "servers=x:y:z;", where each item in the list may take one of two forms:
592 (1) If it is just a host name, the appropriate global option (mysql_servers
593 or pgsql_servers) is searched for a host of the same name, and the
594 remaining parameters (database, user, password) are taken from there.
596 (2) If it contains any slashes, it is taken as a complete parameter set.
598 The list of servers is used in exactly the same was as the global list.
599 Once a connection to a server has happened and a query has been
600 successfully executed, processing of the lookup ceases.
602 This feature is intended for use in master/slave situations where updates
603 are occurring, and one wants to update a master rather than a slave. If the
604 masters are in the list for reading, you might have:
606 mysql_servers = slave1/db/name/pw:slave2/db/name/pw:master/db/name/pw
608 In an updating lookup, you could then write
610 ${lookup mysql{servers=master; UPDATE ...}
612 If, on the other hand, the master is not to be used for reading lookups:
614 pgsql_servers = slave1/db/name/pw:slave2/db/name/pw
616 you can still update the master by
618 ${lookup pgsql{servers=master/db/name/pw; UPDATE ...}
620 11. The message_body_newlines option (default FALSE, for backwards
621 compatibility) can be used to control whether newlines are present in
622 $message_body and $message_body_end. If it is FALSE, they are replaced by
629 1. There is a new log selector called smtp_no_mail, which is not included in
630 the default setting. When it is set, a line is written to the main log
631 whenever an accepted SMTP connection terminates without having issued a
634 2. When an item in a dnslists list is followed by = and & and a list of IP
635 addresses, the behaviour was not clear when the lookup returned more than
636 one IP address. This has been solved by the addition of == and =& for "all"
637 rather than the default "any" matching.
639 3. Up till now, the only control over which cipher suites GnuTLS uses has been
640 for the cipher algorithms. New options have been added to allow some of the
641 other parameters to be varied.
643 4. There is a new compile-time option called ENABLE_DISABLE_FSYNC. When it is
644 set, Exim compiles a runtime option called disable_fsync.
646 5. There is a new variable called $smtp_count_at_connection_start.
648 6. There's a new control called no_pipelining.
650 7. There are two new variables called $sending_ip_address and $sending_port.
651 These are set whenever an SMTP connection to another host has been set up.
653 8. The expansion of the helo_data option in the smtp transport now happens
654 after the connection to the server has been made.
656 9. There is a new expansion operator ${rfc2047d: that decodes strings that
657 are encoded as per RFC 2047.
659 10. There is a new log selector called "pid", which causes the current process
660 id to be added to every log line, in square brackets, immediately after the
663 11. Exim has been modified so that it flushes SMTP output before implementing
664 a delay in an ACL. It also flushes the output before performing a callout,
665 as this can take a substantial time. These behaviours can be disabled by
666 obeying control = no_delay_flush or control = no_callout_flush,
667 respectively, at some earlier stage of the connection.
669 12. There are two new expansion conditions that iterate over a list. They are
670 called forany and forall.
672 13. There's a new global option called dsn_from that can be used to vary the
673 contents of From: lines in bounces and other automatically generated
674 messages ("delivery status notifications" - hence the name of the option).
676 14. The smtp transport has a new option called hosts_avoid_pipelining.
678 15. By default, exigrep does case-insensitive matches. There is now a -I option
679 that makes it case-sensitive.
681 16. A number of new features ("addresses", "map", "filter", and "reduce") have
682 been added to string expansions to make it easier to process lists of
683 items, typically addresses.
685 17. There's a new ACL modifier called "continue". It does nothing of itself,
686 and processing of the ACL always continues with the next condition or
687 modifier. It is provided so that the side effects of expanding its argument
690 18. It is now possible to use newline and other control characters (those with
691 values less than 32, plus DEL) as separators in lists.
693 19. The exigrep utility now has a -v option, which inverts the matching
696 20. The host_find_failed option in the manualroute router can now be set to
703 No new features were added to 4.66.
709 No new features were added to 4.65.
715 1. ACL variables can now be given arbitrary names, as long as they start with
716 "acl_c" or "acl_m" (for connection variables and message variables), are at
717 least six characters long, with the sixth character being either a digit or
720 2. There is a new ACL modifier called log_reject_target. It makes it possible
721 to specify which logs are used for messages about ACL rejections.
723 3. There is a new authenticator called "dovecot". This is an interface to the
724 authentication facility of the Dovecot POP/IMAP server, which can support a
725 number of authentication methods.
727 4. The variable $message_headers_raw provides a concatenation of all the
728 messages's headers without any decoding. This is in contrast to
729 $message_headers, which does RFC2047 decoding on the header contents.
731 5. In a DNS black list, if two domain names, comma-separated, are given, the
732 second is used first to do an initial check, making use of any IP value
733 restrictions that are set. If there is a match, the first domain is used,
734 without any IP value restrictions, to get the TXT record.
736 6. All authenticators now have a server_condition option.
738 7. There is a new command-line option called -Mset. It is useful only in
739 conjunction with -be (that is, when testing string expansions). It must be
740 followed by a message id; Exim loads the given message from its spool
741 before doing the expansions.
743 8. Another similar new command-line option is called -bem. It operates like
744 -be except that it must be followed by the name of a file that contains a
747 9. When an address is delayed because of a 4xx response to a RCPT command, it
748 is now the combination of sender and recipient that is delayed in
749 subsequent queue runs until its retry time is reached.
751 10. Unary negation and the bitwise logical operators and, or, xor, not, and
752 shift, have been added to the eval: and eval10: expansion items.
754 11. The variables $interface_address and $interface_port have been renamed
755 as $received_ip_address and $received_port, to make it clear that they
756 relate to message reception rather than delivery. (The old names remain
757 available for compatibility.)
759 12. The "message" modifier can now be used on "accept" and "discard" acl verbs
760 to vary the message that is sent when an SMTP command is accepted.
766 1. There is a new Boolean option called filter_prepend_home for the redirect
769 2. There is a new acl, set by acl_not_smtp_start, which is run right at the
770 start of receiving a non-SMTP message, before any of the message has been
773 3. When an SMTP error message is specified in a "message" modifier in an ACL,
774 or in a :fail: or :defer: message in a redirect router, Exim now checks the
775 start of the message for an SMTP error code.
777 4. There is a new parameter for LDAP lookups called "referrals", which takes
778 one of the settings "follow" (the default) or "nofollow".
780 5. Version 20070721.2 of exipick now included, offering these new options:
782 After all other sorting options have bee processed, reverse order
783 before displaying messages (-R is synonym).
785 Randomize order of matching messages before displaying.
787 Instead of displaying the matching messages, display the sum
789 --sort <variable>[,<variable>...]
790 Before displaying matching messages, sort the messages according to
791 each messages value for each variable.
793 Negate the value for every test (returns inverse output from the
794 same criteria without --not).
800 1. The ${readsocket expansion item now supports Internet domain sockets as well
801 as Unix domain sockets. If the first argument begins "inet:", it must be of
802 the form "inet:host:port". The port is mandatory; it may be a number or the
803 name of a TCP port in /etc/services. The host may be a name, or it may be an
804 IP address. An ip address may optionally be enclosed in square brackets.
805 This is best for IPv6 addresses. For example:
807 ${readsocket{inet:[::1]:1234}{<request data>}...
809 Only a single host name may be given, but if looking it up yield more than
810 one IP address, they are each tried in turn until a connection is made. Once
811 a connection has been made, the behaviour is as for ${readsocket with a Unix
814 2. If a redirect router sets up file or pipe deliveries for more than one
815 incoming address, and the relevant transport has batch_max set greater than
816 one, a batch delivery now occurs.
818 3. The appendfile transport has a new option called maildirfolder_create_regex.
819 Its value is a regular expression. For a maildir delivery, this is matched
820 against the maildir directory; if it matches, Exim ensures that a
821 maildirfolder file is created alongside the new, cur, and tmp directories.
827 The documentation is up-to-date for the 4.61 release. Major new features since
828 the 4.60 release are:
830 . An option called disable_ipv6, to disable the use of IPv6 completely.
832 . An increase in the number of ACL variables to 20 of each type.
834 . A change to use $auth1, $auth2, and $auth3 in authenticators instead of $1,
835 $2, $3, (though those are still set) because the numeric variables get used
836 for other things in complicated expansions.
838 . The default for rfc1413_query_timeout has been changed from 30s to 5s.
840 . It is possible to use setclassresources() on some BSD OS to control the
841 resources used in pipe deliveries.
843 . A new ACL modifier called add_header, which can be used with any verb.
845 . More errors are detectable in retry rules.
847 There are a number of other additions too.
853 The documentation is up-to-date for the 4.60 release. Major new features since
854 the 4.50 release are:
856 . Support for SQLite.
858 . Support for IGNOREQUOTA in LMTP.
860 . Extensions to the "submission mode" features.
862 . Support for Client SMTP Authorization (CSA).
864 . Support for ratelimiting hosts and users.
866 . New expansion items to help with the BATV "prvs" scheme.
868 . A "match_ip" condition, that matches an IP address against a list.
870 There are many more minor changes.
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