4 This file contains descriptions of new features that have been added to Exim.
5 Before a formal release, there may be quite a lot of detail so that people can
6 test from the snapshots or the CVS before the documentation is updated. Once
7 the documentation is updated, this file is reduced to a short list.
12 1. Support for using the system standard CA bundle.
14 2. New expansion items $config_file, $config_dir, containing the file
15 and directory name of the main configuration file. Also $exim_version.
17 3. New "malware=" support for Avast.
19 4. New "spam=" variant option for Rspamd.
21 5. Assorted options on malware= and spam= scanners.
23 6. A commandline option to write a comment into the logfile.
25 7. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_SOCKS feature enabled, the smtp transport can
26 be configured to make connections via socks5 proxies.
28 8. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_INTERNATIONAL, support is included for
29 the transmission of UTF-8 envelope addresses.
31 9. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_INTERNATIONAL, an expansion item for a commonly
32 used encoding of Maildir folder names.
34 10. A logging option for slow DNS lookups,
36 11. New ${env {<variable>}} expansion.
42 1. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_DANE feature enabled, Exim will follow the
43 DANE smtp draft to assess a secure chain of trust of the certificate
44 used to establish the TLS connection based on a TLSA record in the
47 2. The EXPERIMENTAL_TPDA feature has been renamed to EXPERIMENTAL_EVENT
48 and several new events have been created. The reason is because it has
49 been expanded beyond just firing events during the transport phase. Any
50 existing TPDA transport options will have to be rewritten to use a new
51 $event_name expansion variable in a condition. Refer to the
52 experimental-spec.txt for details and examples.
54 3. The EXPERIMENTAL_CERTNAMES features is an enhancement to verify that
55 server certs used for TLS match the result of the MX lookup. It does
56 not use the same mechanism as DANE.
66 1. If built with the EXPERIMENTAL_PROXY feature enabled, Exim can be
67 configured to expect an initial header from a proxy that will make the
68 actual external source IP:host be used in exim instead of the IP of the
69 proxy that is connecting to it.
71 2. New verify option header_names_ascii, which will check to make sure
72 there are no non-ASCII characters in header names. Exim itself handles
73 those non-ASCII characters, but downstream apps may not, so Exim can
74 detect and reject if those characters are present.
76 3. New expansion operator ${utf8clean:string} to replace malformed UTF8
77 codepoints with valid ones.
79 4. New malware type "sock". Talks over a Unix or TCP socket, sending one
80 command line and matching a regex against the return data for trigger
81 and a second regex to extract malware_name. The mail spoolfile name can
82 be included in the command line.
84 5. The smtp transport now supports options "tls_verify_hosts" and
85 "tls_try_verify_hosts". If either is set the certificate verification
86 is split from the encryption operation. The default remains that a failed
87 verification cancels the encryption.
89 6. New SERVERS override of default ldap server list. In the ACLs, an ldap
90 lookup can now set a list of servers to use that is different from the
93 7. New command-line option -C for exiqgrep to specify alternate exim.conf
94 file when searching the queue.
96 8. OCSP now supports GnuTLS also, if you have version 3.1.3 or later of that.
98 9. Support for DNSSEC on outbound connections.
100 10. New variables "tls_(in,out)_(our,peer)cert" and expansion item
101 "certextract" to extract fields from them. Hash operators md5 and sha1
102 work over them for generating fingerprints, and a new sha256 operator
105 11. PRDR is now supported dy default.
107 12. OCSP stapling is now supported by default.
109 13. If built with the EXPERIMENTAL_DSN feature enabled, Exim will output
110 Delivery Status Notification messages in MIME format, and negociate
111 DSN features per RFC 3461.
117 1. New command-line option -bI:sieve will list all supported sieve extensions
118 of this Exim build on standard output, one per line.
119 ManageSieve (RFC 5804) providers managing scripts for use by Exim should
120 query this to establish the correct list to include in the protocol's
121 SIEVE capability line.
123 2. If the -n option is combined with the -bP option, then the name of an
124 emitted option is not output, only the value (if visible to you).
125 For instance, "exim -n -bP pid_file_path" should just emit a pathname
126 followed by a newline, and no other text.
128 3. When built with SUPPORT_TLS and USE_GNUTLS, the SMTP transport driver now
129 has a "tls_dh_min_bits" option, to set the minimum acceptable number of
130 bits in the Diffie-Hellman prime offered by a server (in DH ciphersuites)
131 acceptable for security. (Option accepted but ignored if using OpenSSL).
132 Defaults to 1024, the old value. May be lowered only to 512, or raised as
133 far as you like. Raising this may hinder TLS interoperability with other
134 sites and is not currently recommended. Lowering this will permit you to
135 establish a TLS session which is not as secure as you might like.
137 Unless you really know what you are doing, leave it alone.
139 4. If not built with DISABLE_DNSSEC, Exim now has the main option
140 dns_dnssec_ok; if set to 1 then Exim will initialise the resolver library
141 to send the DO flag to your recursive resolver. If you have a recursive
142 resolver, which can set the Authenticated Data (AD) flag in results, Exim
143 can now detect this. Exim does not perform validation itself, instead
144 relying upon a trusted path to the resolver.
146 Current status: work-in-progress; $sender_host_dnssec variable added.
148 5. DSCP support for outbound connections: on a transport using the smtp driver,
149 set "dscp = ef", for instance, to cause the connections to have the relevant
150 DSCP (IPv4 TOS or IPv6 TCLASS) value in the header.
152 Similarly for inbound connections, there is a new control modifier, dscp,
153 so "warn control = dscp/ef" in the connect ACL, or after authentication.
155 Supported values depend upon system libraries. "exim -bI:dscp" to list the
156 ones Exim knows of. You can also set a raw number 0..0x3F.
158 6. The -G command-line flag is no longer ignored; it is now equivalent to an
159 ACL setting "control = suppress_local_fixups". The -L command-line flag
160 is now accepted and forces use of syslog, with the provided tag as the
161 process name. A few other flags used by Sendmail are now accepted and
164 7. New cutthrough routing feature. Requested by a "control = cutthrough_delivery"
165 ACL modifier; works for single-recipient mails which are recieved on and
166 deliverable via SMTP. Using the connection made for a recipient verify,
167 if requested before the verify, or a new one made for the purpose while
168 the inbound connection is still active. The bulk of the mail item is copied
169 direct from the inbound socket to the outbound (as well as the spool file).
170 When the source notifies the end of data, the data acceptance by the destination
171 is negociated before the acceptance is sent to the source. If the destination
172 does not accept the mail item, for example due to content-scanning, the item
173 is not accepted from the source and therefore there is no need to generate
174 a bounce mail. This is of benefit when providing a secondary-MX service.
175 The downside is that delays are under the control of the ultimate destination
178 The Recieved-by: header on items delivered by cutthrough is generated
179 early in reception rather than at the end; this will affect any timestamp
180 included. The log line showing delivery is recorded before that showing
181 reception; it uses a new ">>" tag instead of "=>".
183 To support the feature, verify-callout connections can now use ESMTP and TLS.
184 The usual smtp transport options are honoured, plus a (new, default everything)
185 hosts_verify_avoid_tls.
187 New variable families named tls_in_cipher, tls_out_cipher etc. are introduced
188 for specific access to the information for each connection. The old names
189 are present for now but deprecated.
191 Not yet supported: IGNOREQUOTA, SIZE, PIPELINING.
193 8. New expansion operators ${listnamed:name} to get the content of a named list
194 and ${listcount:string} to count the items in a list.
196 9. New global option "gnutls_allow_auto_pkcs11", defaults false. The GnuTLS
197 rewrite in 4.80 combines with GnuTLS 2.12.0 or later, to autoload PKCS11
198 modules. For some situations this is desirable, but we expect admin in
199 those situations to know they want the feature. More commonly, it means
200 that GUI user modules get loaded and are broken by the setuid Exim being
201 unable to access files specified in environment variables and passed
202 through, thus breakage. So we explicitly inhibit the PKCS11 initialisation
203 unless this new option is set.
205 Some older OS's with earlier versions of GnuTLS might not have pkcs11 ability,
206 so have also added a build option which can be used to build Exim with GnuTLS
207 but without trying to use any kind of PKCS11 support. Uncomment this in the
210 AVOID_GNUTLS_PKCS11=yes
212 10. The "acl = name" condition on an ACL now supports optional arguments.
213 New expansion item "${acl {name}{arg}...}" and expansion condition
214 "acl {{name}{arg}...}" are added. In all cases up to nine arguments
215 can be used, appearing in $acl_arg1 to $acl_arg9 for the called ACL.
216 Variable $acl_narg contains the number of arguments. If the ACL sets
217 a "message =" value this becomes the result of the expansion item,
218 or the value of $value for the expansion condition. If the ACL returns
219 accept the expansion condition is true; if reject, false. A defer
220 return results in a forced fail.
222 11. Routers and transports can now have multiple headers_add and headers_remove
223 option lines. The concatenated list is used.
225 12. New ACL modifier "remove_header" can remove headers before message gets
226 handled by routers/transports.
228 13. New dnsdb lookup pseudo-type "a+". A sequence of "a6" (if configured),
229 "aaaa" and "a" lookups is done and the full set of results returned.
231 14. New expansion variable $headers_added with content from ACL add_header
232 modifier (but not yet added to messsage).
234 15. New 8bitmime status logging option for received messages. Log field "M8S".
236 16. New authenticated_sender logging option, adding to log field "A".
238 17. New expansion variables $router_name and $transport_name. Useful
239 particularly for debug_print as -bt commandline option does not
240 require privilege whereas -d does.
242 18. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_PRDR, per-recipient data responses per a
243 proposed extension to SMTP from Eric Hall.
245 19. The pipe transport has gained the force_command option, to allow
246 decorating commands from user .forward pipe aliases with prefix
247 wrappers, for instance.
249 20. Callout connections can now AUTH; the same controls as normal delivery
252 21. Support for DMARC, using opendmarc libs, can be enabled. It adds new
253 options: dmarc_forensic_sender, dmarc_history_file, and dmarc_tld_file.
254 It adds new expansion variables $dmarc_ar_header, $dmarc_status,
255 $dmarc_status_text, and $dmarc_used_domain. It adds a new acl modifier
256 dmarc_status. It adds new control flags dmarc_disable_verify and
257 dmarc_enable_forensic.
259 22. Add expansion variable $authenticated_fail_id, which is the username
260 provided to the authentication method which failed. It is available
261 for use in subsequent ACL processing (typically quit or notquit ACLs).
263 23. New ACL modifer "udpsend" can construct a UDP packet to send to a given
266 24. New ${hexquote:..string..} expansion operator converts non-printable
267 characters in the string to \xNN form.
269 25. Experimental TPDA (Transport Post Delivery Action) function added.
270 Patch provided by Axel Rau.
272 26. Experimental Redis lookup added. Patch provided by Warren Baker.
278 1. New authenticator driver, "gsasl". Server-only (at present).
279 This is a SASL interface, licensed under GPL, which can be found at
280 http://www.gnu.org/software/gsasl/.
281 This system does not provide sources of data for authentication, so
282 careful use needs to be made of the conditions in Exim.
284 2. New authenticator driver, "heimdal_gssapi". Server-only.
285 A replacement for using cyrus_sasl with Heimdal, now that $KRB5_KTNAME
286 is no longer honoured for setuid programs by Heimdal. Use the
287 "server_keytab" option to point to the keytab.
289 3. The "pkg-config" system can now be used when building Exim to reference
290 cflags and library information for lookups and authenticators, rather
291 than having to update "CFLAGS", "AUTH_LIBS", "LOOKUP_INCLUDE" and
292 "LOOKUP_LIBS" directly. Similarly for handling the TLS library support
293 without adjusting "TLS_INCLUDE" and "TLS_LIBS".
295 In addition, setting PCRE_CONFIG=yes will query the pcre-config tool to
296 find the headers and libraries for PCRE.
298 4. New expansion variable $tls_bits.
300 5. New lookup type, "dbmjz". Key is an Exim list, the elements of which will
301 be joined together with ASCII NUL characters to construct the key to pass
302 into the DBM library. Can be used with gsasl to access sasldb2 files as
305 6. OpenSSL now supports TLS1.1 and TLS1.2 with OpenSSL 1.0.1.
307 Avoid release 1.0.1a if you can. Note that the default value of
308 "openssl_options" is no longer "+dont_insert_empty_fragments", as that
309 increased susceptibility to attack. This may still have interoperability
310 implications for very old clients (see version 4.31 change 37) but
311 administrators can choose to make the trade-off themselves and restore
312 compatibility at the cost of session security.
314 7. Use of the new expansion variable $tls_sni in the main configuration option
315 tls_certificate will cause Exim to re-expand the option, if the client
316 sends the TLS Server Name Indication extension, to permit choosing a
317 different certificate; tls_privatekey will also be re-expanded. You must
318 still set these options to expand to valid files when $tls_sni is not set.
320 The SMTP Transport has gained the option tls_sni, which will set a hostname
321 for outbound TLS sessions, and set $tls_sni too.
323 A new log_selector, +tls_sni, has been added, to log received SNI values
324 for Exim as a server.
326 8. The existing "accept_8bitmime" option now defaults to true. This means
327 that Exim is deliberately not strictly RFC compliant. We're following
328 Dan Bernstein's advice in http://cr.yp.to/smtp/8bitmime.html by default.
329 Those who disagree, or know that they are talking to mail servers that,
330 even today, are not 8-bit clean, need to turn off this option.
332 9. Exim can now be started with -bw (with an optional timeout, given as
333 -bw<timespec>). With this, stdin at startup is a socket that is
334 already listening for connections. This has a more modern name of
335 "socket activation", but forcing the activated socket to fd 0. We're
336 interested in adding more support for modern variants.
338 10. ${eval } now uses 64-bit values on supporting platforms. A new "G" suffix
339 for numbers indicates multiplication by 1024^3.
341 11. The GnuTLS support has been revamped; the three options gnutls_require_kx,
342 gnutls_require_mac & gnutls_require_protocols are no longer supported.
343 tls_require_ciphers is now parsed by gnutls_priority_init(3) as a priority
344 string, documentation for which is at:
345 http://www.gnutls.org/manual/html_node/Priority-Strings.html
347 SNI support has been added to Exim's GnuTLS integration too.
349 For sufficiently recent GnuTLS libraries, ${randint:..} will now use
350 gnutls_rnd(), asking for GNUTLS_RND_NONCE level randomness.
352 12. With OpenSSL, if built with EXPERIMENTAL_OCSP, a new option tls_ocsp_file
353 is now available. If the contents of the file are valid, then Exim will
354 send that back in response to a TLS status request; this is OCSP Stapling.
355 Exim will not maintain the contents of the file in any way: administrators
356 are responsible for ensuring that it is up-to-date.
358 See "experimental-spec.txt" for more details.
360 13. ${lookup dnsdb{ }} supports now SPF record types. They are handled
361 identically to TXT record lookups.
363 14. New expansion variable $tod_epoch_l for higher-precision time.
365 15. New global option tls_dh_max_bits, defaulting to current value of NSS
366 hard-coded limit of DH ephemeral bits, to fix interop problems caused by
367 GnuTLS 2.12 library recommending a bit count higher than NSS supports.
369 16. tls_dhparam now used by both OpenSSL and GnuTLS, can be path or identifier.
370 Option can now be a path or an identifier for a standard prime.
371 If unset, we use the DH prime from section 2.2 of RFC 5114, "ike23".
372 Set to "historic" to get the old GnuTLS behaviour of auto-generated DH
375 17. SSLv2 now disabled by default in OpenSSL. (Never supported by GnuTLS).
376 Use "openssl_options -no_sslv2" to re-enable support, if your OpenSSL
377 install was not built with OPENSSL_NO_SSL2 ("no-ssl2").
383 1. New options for the ratelimit ACL condition: /count= and /unique=.
384 The /noupdate option has been replaced by a /readonly option.
386 2. The SMTP transport's protocol option may now be set to "smtps", to
387 use SSL-on-connect outbound.
389 3. New variable $av_failed, set true if the AV scanner deferred; ie, when
390 there is a problem talking to the AV scanner, or the AV scanner running.
392 4. New expansion conditions, "inlist" and "inlisti", which take simple lists
393 and check if the search item is a member of the list. This does not
394 support named lists, but does subject the list part to string expansion.
396 5. Unless the new EXPAND_LISTMATCH_RHS build option is set when Exim was
397 built, Exim no longer performs string expansion on the second string of
398 the match_* expansion conditions: "match_address", "match_domain",
399 "match_ip" & "match_local_part". Named lists can still be used.
405 1. The global option "dns_use_edns0" may be set to coerce EDNS0 usage on
406 or off in the resolver library.
412 1. In addition to the existing LDAP and LDAP/SSL ("ldaps") support, there
413 is now LDAP/TLS support, given sufficiently modern OpenLDAP client
414 libraries. The following global options have been added in support of
415 this: ldap_ca_cert_dir, ldap_ca_cert_file, ldap_cert_file, ldap_cert_key,
416 ldap_cipher_suite, ldap_require_cert, ldap_start_tls.
418 2. The pipe transport now takes a boolean option, "freeze_signal", default
419 false. When true, if the external delivery command exits on a signal then
420 Exim will freeze the message in the queue, instead of generating a bounce.
422 3. Log filenames may now use %M as an escape, instead of %D (still available).
423 The %M pattern expands to yyyymm, providing month-level resolution.
425 4. The $message_linecount variable is now updated for the maildir_tag option,
426 in the same way as $message_size, to reflect the real number of lines,
427 including any header additions or removals from transport.
429 5. When contacting a pool of SpamAssassin servers configured in spamd_address,
430 Exim now selects entries randomly, to better scale in a cluster setup.
436 1. SECURITY FIX: privilege escalation flaw fixed. On Linux (and only Linux)
437 the flaw permitted the Exim run-time user to cause root to append to
438 arbitrary files of the attacker's choosing, with the content based
439 on content supplied by the attacker.
441 2. Exim now supports loading some lookup types at run-time, using your
442 platform's dlopen() functionality. This has limited platform support
443 and the intention is not to support every variant, it's limited to
444 dlopen(). This permits the main Exim binary to not be linked against
445 all the libraries needed for all the lookup types.
451 NOTE: this version is not guaranteed backwards-compatible, please read the
452 items below carefully
454 1. A new main configuration option, "openssl_options", is available if Exim
455 is built with SSL support provided by OpenSSL. The option allows
456 administrators to specify OpenSSL options to be used on connections;
457 typically this is to set bug compatibility features which the OpenSSL
458 developers have not enabled by default. There may be security
459 consequences for certain options, so these should not be changed
462 2. A new pipe transport option, "permit_coredumps", may help with problem
463 diagnosis in some scenarios. Note that Exim is typically installed as
464 a setuid binary, which on most OSes will inhibit coredumps by default,
465 so that safety mechanism would have to be overridden for this option to
466 be able to take effect.
468 3. ClamAV 0.95 is now required for ClamAV support in Exim, unless
469 Local/Makefile sets: WITH_OLD_CLAMAV_STREAM=yes
470 Note that this switches Exim to use a new API ("INSTREAM") and a future
471 release of ClamAV will remove support for the old API ("STREAM").
473 The av_scanner option, when set to "clamd", now takes an optional third
474 part, "local", which causes Exim to pass a filename to ClamAV instead of
475 the file content. This is the same behaviour as when clamd is pointed at
476 a Unix-domain socket. For example:
478 av_scanner = clamd:192.0.2.3 1234:local
480 ClamAV's ExtendedDetectionInfo response format is now handled.
482 4. There is now a -bmalware option, restricted to admin users. This option
483 takes one parameter, a filename, and scans that file with Exim's
484 malware-scanning framework. This is intended purely as a debugging aid
485 to ensure that Exim's scanning is working, not to replace other tools.
486 Note that the ACL framework is not invoked, so if av_scanner references
487 ACL variables without a fallback then this will fail.
489 5. There is a new expansion operator, "reverse_ip", which will reverse IP
490 addresses; IPv4 into dotted quad, IPv6 into dotted nibble. Examples:
492 ${reverse_ip:192.0.2.4}
494 ${reverse_ip:2001:0db8:c42:9:1:abcd:192.0.2.3}
495 -> 3.0.2.0.0.0.0.c.d.c.b.a.1.0.0.0.9.0.0.0.2.4.c.0.8.b.d.0.1.0.0.2
497 6. There is a new ACL control called "debug", to enable debug logging.
498 This allows selective logging of certain incoming transactions within
499 production environments, with some care. It takes two options, "tag"
500 and "opts"; "tag" is included in the filename of the log and "opts"
501 is used as per the -d<options> command-line option. Examples, which
502 don't all make sense in all contexts:
505 control = debug/tag=.$sender_host_address
506 control = debug/opts=+expand+acl
507 control = debug/tag=.$message_exim_id/opts=+expand
509 7. It has always been implicit in the design and the documentation that
510 "the Exim user" is not root. src/EDITME said that using root was
511 "very strongly discouraged". This is not enough to keep people from
512 shooting themselves in the foot in days when many don't configure Exim
513 themselves but via package build managers. The security consequences of
514 running various bits of network code are severe if there should be bugs in
515 them. As such, the Exim user may no longer be root. If configured
516 statically, Exim will refuse to build. If configured as ref:user then Exim
517 will exit shortly after start-up. If you must shoot yourself in the foot,
518 then henceforth you will have to maintain your own local patches to strip
521 8. There is a new expansion condition, bool_lax{}. Where bool{} uses the ACL
522 condition logic to determine truth/failure and will fail to expand many
523 strings, bool_lax{} uses the router condition logic, where most strings
525 Note: bool{00} is false, bool_lax{00} is true.
527 9. Routers now support multiple "condition" tests.
529 10. There is now a runtime configuration option "tcp_wrappers_daemon_name".
530 Setting this allows an admin to define which entry in the tcpwrappers
531 config file will be used to control access to the daemon. This option
532 is only available when Exim is built with USE_TCP_WRAPPERS. The
533 default value is set at build time using the TCP_WRAPPERS_DAEMON_NAME
536 11. [POSSIBLE CONFIG BREAKAGE] The default value for system_filter_user is now
537 the Exim run-time user, instead of root.
539 12. [POSSIBLE CONFIG BREAKAGE] ALT_CONFIG_ROOT_ONLY is no longer optional and
540 is forced on. This is mitigated by the new build option
541 TRUSTED_CONFIG_LIST which defines a list of configuration files which
542 are trusted; one per line. If a config file is owned by root and matches
543 a pathname in the list, then it may be invoked by the Exim build-time
544 user without Exim relinquishing root privileges.
546 13. [POSSIBLE CONFIG BREAKAGE] The Exim user is no longer automatically
547 trusted to supply -D<Macro[=Value]> overrides on the command-line. Going
548 forward, we recommend using TRUSTED_CONFIG_LIST with shim configs that
549 include the main config. As a transition mechanism, we are temporarily
550 providing a work-around: the new build option WHITELIST_D_MACROS provides
551 a colon-separated list of macro names which may be overridden by the Exim
552 run-time user. The values of these macros are constrained to the regex
553 ^[A-Za-z0-9_/.-]*$ (which explicitly does allow for empty values).
559 1. TWO SECURITY FIXES: one relating to mail-spools which are globally
560 writable, the other to locking of MBX folders (not mbox).
562 2. MySQL stored procedures are now supported.
564 3. The dkim_domain transport option is now a list, not a single string, and
565 messages will be signed for each element in the list (discarding
568 4. The 4.70 release unexpectedly changed the behaviour of dnsdb TXT lookups
569 in the presence of multiple character strings within the RR. Prior to 4.70,
570 only the first string would be returned. The dnsdb lookup now, by default,
571 preserves the pre-4.70 semantics, but also now takes an extended output
572 separator specification. The separator can be followed by a semicolon, to
573 concatenate the individual text strings together with no join character,
574 or by a comma and a second separator character, in which case the text
575 strings within a TXT record are joined on that second character.
576 Administrators are reminded that DNS provides no ordering guarantees
577 between multiple records in an RRset. For example:
579 foo.example. IN TXT "a" "b" "c"
580 foo.example. IN TXT "d" "e" "f"
582 ${lookup dnsdb{>/ txt=foo.example}} -> "a/d"
583 ${lookup dnsdb{>/; txt=foo.example}} -> "def/abc"
584 ${lookup dnsdb{>/,+ txt=foo.example}} -> "a+b+c/d+e+f"
590 1. Native DKIM support without an external library.
591 (Note that if no action to prevent it is taken, a straight upgrade will
592 result in DKIM verification of all signed incoming emails. See spec
593 for details on conditionally disabling)
595 2. Experimental DCC support via dccifd (contributed by Wolfgang Breyha).
597 3. There is now a bool{} expansion condition which maps certain strings to
598 true/false condition values (most likely of use in conjunction with the
599 and{} expansion operator).
601 4. The $spam_score, $spam_bar and $spam_report variables are now available
604 5. exim -bP now supports "macros", "macro_list" or "macro MACRO_NAME" as
605 options, provided that Exim is invoked by an admin_user.
607 6. There is a new option gnutls_compat_mode, when linked against GnuTLS,
608 which increases compatibility with older clients at the cost of decreased
609 security. Don't set this unless you need to support such clients.
611 7. There is a new expansion operator, ${randint:...} which will produce a
612 "random" number less than the supplied integer. This randomness is
613 not guaranteed to be cryptographically strong, but depending upon how
614 Exim was built may be better than the most naive schemes.
616 8. Exim now explicitly ensures that SHA256 is available when linked against
619 9. The transport_filter_timeout option now applies to SMTP transports too.
625 1. Preliminary DKIM support in Experimental.
631 1. The body_linecount and body_zerocount C variables are now exported in the
634 2. When a dnslists lookup succeeds, the key that was looked up is now placed
635 in $dnslist_matched. When the key is an IP address, it is not reversed in
636 this variable (though it is, of course, in the actual lookup). In simple
639 deny dnslists = spamhaus.example
641 the key is also available in another variable (in this case,
642 $sender_host_address). In more complicated cases, however, this is not
643 true. For example, using a data lookup might generate a dnslists lookup
646 deny dnslists = spamhaus.example/<|192.168.1.2|192.168.6.7|...
648 If this condition succeeds, the value in $dnslist_matched might be
649 192.168.6.7 (for example).
651 3. Authenticators now have a client_condition option. When Exim is running as
652 a client, it skips an authenticator whose client_condition expansion yields
653 "0", "no", or "false". This can be used, for example, to skip plain text
654 authenticators when the connection is not encrypted by a setting such as:
656 client_condition = ${if !eq{$tls_cipher}{}}
658 Note that the 4.67 documentation states that $tls_cipher contains the
659 cipher used for incoming messages. In fact, during SMTP delivery, it
660 contains the cipher used for the delivery. The same is true for
663 4. There is now a -Mvc <message-id> option, which outputs a copy of the
664 message to the standard output, in RFC 2822 format. The option can be used
665 only by an admin user.
667 5. There is now a /noupdate option for the ratelimit ACL condition. It
668 computes the rate and checks the limit as normal, but it does not update
669 the saved data. This means that, in relevant ACLs, it is possible to lookup
670 the existence of a specified (or auto-generated) ratelimit key without
671 incrementing the ratelimit counter for that key.
673 In order for this to be useful, another ACL entry must set the rate
674 for the same key somewhere (otherwise it will always be zero).
679 # Read the rate; if it doesn't exist or is below the maximum
681 deny ratelimit = 100 / 5m / strict / noupdate
682 log_message = RATE: $sender_rate / $sender_rate_period \
683 (max $sender_rate_limit)
685 [... some other logic and tests...]
687 warn ratelimit = 100 / 5m / strict / per_cmd
688 log_message = RATE UPDATE: $sender_rate / $sender_rate_period \
689 (max $sender_rate_limit)
690 condition = ${if le{$sender_rate}{$sender_rate_limit}}
694 6. The variable $max_received_linelength contains the number of bytes in the
695 longest line that was received as part of the message, not counting the
696 line termination character(s).
698 7. Host lists can now include +ignore_defer and +include_defer, analagous to
699 +ignore_unknown and +include_unknown. These options should be used with
700 care, probably only in non-critical host lists such as whitelists.
702 8. There's a new option called queue_only_load_latch, which defaults true.
703 If set false when queue_only_load is greater than zero, Exim re-evaluates
704 the load for each incoming message in an SMTP session. Otherwise, once one
705 message is queued, the remainder are also.
707 9. There is a new ACL, specified by acl_smtp_notquit, which is run in most
708 cases when an SMTP session ends without sending QUIT. However, when Exim
709 itself is is bad trouble, such as being unable to write to its log files,
710 this ACL is not run, because it might try to do things (such as write to
711 log files) that make the situation even worse.
713 Like the QUIT ACL, this new ACL is provided to make it possible to gather
714 statistics. Whatever it returns (accept or deny) is immaterial. The "delay"
715 modifier is forbidden in this ACL.
717 When the NOTQUIT ACL is running, the variable $smtp_notquit_reason is set
718 to a string that indicates the reason for the termination of the SMTP
719 connection. The possible values are:
721 acl-drop Another ACL issued a "drop" command
722 bad-commands Too many unknown or non-mail commands
723 command-timeout Timeout while reading SMTP commands
724 connection-lost The SMTP connection has been lost
725 data-timeout Timeout while reading message data
726 local-scan-error The local_scan() function crashed
727 local-scan-timeout The local_scan() function timed out
728 signal-exit SIGTERM or SIGINT
729 synchronization-error SMTP synchronization error
730 tls-failed TLS failed to start
732 In most cases when an SMTP connection is closed without having received
733 QUIT, Exim sends an SMTP response message before actually closing the
734 connection. With the exception of acl-drop, the default message can be
735 overridden by the "message" modifier in the NOTQUIT ACL. In the case of a
736 "drop" verb in another ACL, it is the message from the other ACL that is
739 10. For MySQL and PostgreSQL lookups, it is now possible to specify a list of
740 servers with individual queries. This is done by starting the query with
741 "servers=x:y:z;", where each item in the list may take one of two forms:
743 (1) If it is just a host name, the appropriate global option (mysql_servers
744 or pgsql_servers) is searched for a host of the same name, and the
745 remaining parameters (database, user, password) are taken from there.
747 (2) If it contains any slashes, it is taken as a complete parameter set.
749 The list of servers is used in exactly the same was as the global list.
750 Once a connection to a server has happened and a query has been
751 successfully executed, processing of the lookup ceases.
753 This feature is intended for use in master/slave situations where updates
754 are occurring, and one wants to update a master rather than a slave. If the
755 masters are in the list for reading, you might have:
757 mysql_servers = slave1/db/name/pw:slave2/db/name/pw:master/db/name/pw
759 In an updating lookup, you could then write
761 ${lookup mysql{servers=master; UPDATE ...}
763 If, on the other hand, the master is not to be used for reading lookups:
765 pgsql_servers = slave1/db/name/pw:slave2/db/name/pw
767 you can still update the master by
769 ${lookup pgsql{servers=master/db/name/pw; UPDATE ...}
771 11. The message_body_newlines option (default FALSE, for backwards
772 compatibility) can be used to control whether newlines are present in
773 $message_body and $message_body_end. If it is FALSE, they are replaced by
780 1. There is a new log selector called smtp_no_mail, which is not included in
781 the default setting. When it is set, a line is written to the main log
782 whenever an accepted SMTP connection terminates without having issued a
785 2. When an item in a dnslists list is followed by = and & and a list of IP
786 addresses, the behaviour was not clear when the lookup returned more than
787 one IP address. This has been solved by the addition of == and =& for "all"
788 rather than the default "any" matching.
790 3. Up till now, the only control over which cipher suites GnuTLS uses has been
791 for the cipher algorithms. New options have been added to allow some of the
792 other parameters to be varied.
794 4. There is a new compile-time option called ENABLE_DISABLE_FSYNC. When it is
795 set, Exim compiles a runtime option called disable_fsync.
797 5. There is a new variable called $smtp_count_at_connection_start.
799 6. There's a new control called no_pipelining.
801 7. There are two new variables called $sending_ip_address and $sending_port.
802 These are set whenever an SMTP connection to another host has been set up.
804 8. The expansion of the helo_data option in the smtp transport now happens
805 after the connection to the server has been made.
807 9. There is a new expansion operator ${rfc2047d: that decodes strings that
808 are encoded as per RFC 2047.
810 10. There is a new log selector called "pid", which causes the current process
811 id to be added to every log line, in square brackets, immediately after the
814 11. Exim has been modified so that it flushes SMTP output before implementing
815 a delay in an ACL. It also flushes the output before performing a callout,
816 as this can take a substantial time. These behaviours can be disabled by
817 obeying control = no_delay_flush or control = no_callout_flush,
818 respectively, at some earlier stage of the connection.
820 12. There are two new expansion conditions that iterate over a list. They are
821 called forany and forall.
823 13. There's a new global option called dsn_from that can be used to vary the
824 contents of From: lines in bounces and other automatically generated
825 messages ("delivery status notifications" - hence the name of the option).
827 14. The smtp transport has a new option called hosts_avoid_pipelining.
829 15. By default, exigrep does case-insensitive matches. There is now a -I option
830 that makes it case-sensitive.
832 16. A number of new features ("addresses", "map", "filter", and "reduce") have
833 been added to string expansions to make it easier to process lists of
834 items, typically addresses.
836 17. There's a new ACL modifier called "continue". It does nothing of itself,
837 and processing of the ACL always continues with the next condition or
838 modifier. It is provided so that the side effects of expanding its argument
841 18. It is now possible to use newline and other control characters (those with
842 values less than 32, plus DEL) as separators in lists.
844 19. The exigrep utility now has a -v option, which inverts the matching
847 20. The host_find_failed option in the manualroute router can now be set to
854 No new features were added to 4.66.
860 No new features were added to 4.65.
866 1. ACL variables can now be given arbitrary names, as long as they start with
867 "acl_c" or "acl_m" (for connection variables and message variables), are at
868 least six characters long, with the sixth character being either a digit or
871 2. There is a new ACL modifier called log_reject_target. It makes it possible
872 to specify which logs are used for messages about ACL rejections.
874 3. There is a new authenticator called "dovecot". This is an interface to the
875 authentication facility of the Dovecot POP/IMAP server, which can support a
876 number of authentication methods.
878 4. The variable $message_headers_raw provides a concatenation of all the
879 messages's headers without any decoding. This is in contrast to
880 $message_headers, which does RFC2047 decoding on the header contents.
882 5. In a DNS black list, if two domain names, comma-separated, are given, the
883 second is used first to do an initial check, making use of any IP value
884 restrictions that are set. If there is a match, the first domain is used,
885 without any IP value restrictions, to get the TXT record.
887 6. All authenticators now have a server_condition option.
889 7. There is a new command-line option called -Mset. It is useful only in
890 conjunction with -be (that is, when testing string expansions). It must be
891 followed by a message id; Exim loads the given message from its spool
892 before doing the expansions.
894 8. Another similar new command-line option is called -bem. It operates like
895 -be except that it must be followed by the name of a file that contains a
898 9. When an address is delayed because of a 4xx response to a RCPT command, it
899 is now the combination of sender and recipient that is delayed in
900 subsequent queue runs until its retry time is reached.
902 10. Unary negation and the bitwise logical operators and, or, xor, not, and
903 shift, have been added to the eval: and eval10: expansion items.
905 11. The variables $interface_address and $interface_port have been renamed
906 as $received_ip_address and $received_port, to make it clear that they
907 relate to message reception rather than delivery. (The old names remain
908 available for compatibility.)
910 12. The "message" modifier can now be used on "accept" and "discard" acl verbs
911 to vary the message that is sent when an SMTP command is accepted.
917 1. There is a new Boolean option called filter_prepend_home for the redirect
920 2. There is a new acl, set by acl_not_smtp_start, which is run right at the
921 start of receiving a non-SMTP message, before any of the message has been
924 3. When an SMTP error message is specified in a "message" modifier in an ACL,
925 or in a :fail: or :defer: message in a redirect router, Exim now checks the
926 start of the message for an SMTP error code.
928 4. There is a new parameter for LDAP lookups called "referrals", which takes
929 one of the settings "follow" (the default) or "nofollow".
931 5. Version 20070721.2 of exipick now included, offering these new options:
933 After all other sorting options have bee processed, reverse order
934 before displaying messages (-R is synonym).
936 Randomize order of matching messages before displaying.
938 Instead of displaying the matching messages, display the sum
940 --sort <variable>[,<variable>...]
941 Before displaying matching messages, sort the messages according to
942 each messages value for each variable.
944 Negate the value for every test (returns inverse output from the
945 same criteria without --not).
951 1. The ${readsocket expansion item now supports Internet domain sockets as well
952 as Unix domain sockets. If the first argument begins "inet:", it must be of
953 the form "inet:host:port". The port is mandatory; it may be a number or the
954 name of a TCP port in /etc/services. The host may be a name, or it may be an
955 IP address. An ip address may optionally be enclosed in square brackets.
956 This is best for IPv6 addresses. For example:
958 ${readsocket{inet:[::1]:1234}{<request data>}...
960 Only a single host name may be given, but if looking it up yield more than
961 one IP address, they are each tried in turn until a connection is made. Once
962 a connection has been made, the behaviour is as for ${readsocket with a Unix
965 2. If a redirect router sets up file or pipe deliveries for more than one
966 incoming address, and the relevant transport has batch_max set greater than
967 one, a batch delivery now occurs.
969 3. The appendfile transport has a new option called maildirfolder_create_regex.
970 Its value is a regular expression. For a maildir delivery, this is matched
971 against the maildir directory; if it matches, Exim ensures that a
972 maildirfolder file is created alongside the new, cur, and tmp directories.
978 The documentation is up-to-date for the 4.61 release. Major new features since
979 the 4.60 release are:
981 . An option called disable_ipv6, to disable the use of IPv6 completely.
983 . An increase in the number of ACL variables to 20 of each type.
985 . A change to use $auth1, $auth2, and $auth3 in authenticators instead of $1,
986 $2, $3, (though those are still set) because the numeric variables get used
987 for other things in complicated expansions.
989 . The default for rfc1413_query_timeout has been changed from 30s to 5s.
991 . It is possible to use setclassresources() on some BSD OS to control the
992 resources used in pipe deliveries.
994 . A new ACL modifier called add_header, which can be used with any verb.
996 . More errors are detectable in retry rules.
998 There are a number of other additions too.
1004 The documentation is up-to-date for the 4.60 release. Major new features since
1005 the 4.50 release are:
1007 . Support for SQLite.
1009 . Support for IGNOREQUOTA in LMTP.
1011 . Extensions to the "submission mode" features.
1013 . Support for Client SMTP Authorization (CSA).
1015 . Support for ratelimiting hosts and users.
1017 . New expansion items to help with the BATV "prvs" scheme.
1019 . A "match_ip" condition, that matches an IP address against a list.
1021 There are many more minor changes.
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