Merge pull request #6101 from eileenmcnaughton/monish

[civicrm-core.git] / tests / phpunit / CiviTest / CiviUnitTestCase.php

<?php
/**
 *  File for the CiviUnitTestCase class
 *
 *  (PHP 5)
 *
 * @copyright Copyright CiviCRM LLC (C) 2009
 * @license   http://www.fsf.org/licensing/licenses/agpl-3.0.html
 *              GNU Affero General Public License version 3
 * @package   CiviCRM
 *
 *   This file is part of CiviCRM
 *
 *   CiviCRM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 *   modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License
 *   as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of
 *   the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *   CiviCRM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *   GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 *
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public
 *   License along with this program.  If not, see
 *   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

use Civi\Payment\System;

/**
 *  Include configuration
 */
define('CIVICRM_SETTINGS_PATH', __DIR__ . '/civicrm.settings.dist.php');
define('CIVICRM_SETTINGS_LOCAL_PATH', __DIR__ . '/civicrm.settings.local.php');

if (file_exists(CIVICRM_SETTINGS_LOCAL_PATH)) {
  require_once CIVICRM_SETTINGS_LOCAL_PATH;
}
require_once CIVICRM_SETTINGS_PATH;
/**
 *  Include class definitions
 */
require_once 'tests/phpunit/Utils.php';
require_once 'api/api.php';
require_once 'CRM/Financial/BAO/FinancialType.php';
define('API_LATEST_VERSION', 3);

/**
 *  Base class for CiviCRM unit tests
 *
 * This class supports two (mutually-exclusive) techniques for cleaning up test data. Subclasses
 * may opt for one or neither:
 *
 * 1. quickCleanup() is a helper which truncates a series of tables. Call quickCleanup()
 *    as part of setUp() and/or tearDown(). quickCleanup() is thorough - but it can
 *    be cumbersome to use (b/c you must identify the tables to cleanup) and slow to execute.
 * 2. useTransaction() executes the test inside a transaction. It's easier to use
 *    (because you don't need to identify specific tables), but it doesn't work for tests
 *    which manipulate schema or truncate data -- and could behave inconsistently
 *    for tests which specifically examine DB transactions.
 *
 *  Common functions for unit tests
 * @package CiviCRM
 */
class CiviUnitTestCase extends PHPUnit_Extensions_Database_TestCase {

  /**
   * Api version - easier to override than just a define
   */
  protected $_apiversion = API_LATEST_VERSION;
  /**
   *  Database has been initialized.
   *
   * @var boolean
   */
  private static $dbInit = FALSE;

  /**
   *  Database connection.
   *
   * @var PHPUnit_Extensions_Database_DB_IDatabaseConnection
   */
  protected $_dbconn;

  /**
   * The database name.
   *
   * @var string
   */
  static protected $_dbName;

  /**
   * Track tables we have modified during a test.
   */
  protected $_tablesToTruncate = array();

  /**
   * @var array of temporary directory names
   */
  protected $tempDirs;

  /**
   * @var Utils instance
   */
  public static $utils;

  /**
   * @var boolean populateOnce allows to skip db resets in setUp
   *
   *  WARNING! USE WITH CAUTION - IT'LL RENDER DATA DEPENDENCIES
   *  BETWEEN TESTS WHEN RUN IN SUITE. SUITABLE FOR LOCAL, LIMITED
   *  "CHECK RUNS" ONLY!
   *
   *  IF POSSIBLE, USE $this->DBResetRequired = FALSE IN YOUR TEST CASE!
   *
   *  see also: http://forum.civicrm.org/index.php/topic,18065.0.html
   */
  public static $populateOnce = FALSE;

  /**
   * Allow classes to state E-notice compliance
   */
  public $_eNoticeCompliant = TRUE;

  /**
   * @var boolean DBResetRequired allows skipping DB reset
   *               in specific test case. If you still need
   *               to reset single test (method) of such case, call
   *               $this->cleanDB() in the first line of this
   *               test (method).
   */
  public $DBResetRequired = TRUE;

  /**
   * @var CRM_Core_Transaction|NULL
   */
  private $tx = NULL;

  /**
   * @var CRM_Utils_Hook_UnitTests hookClass
   * example of setting a method for a hook
   * $this->hookClass->setHook('civicrm_aclWhereClause', array($this, 'aclWhereHookAllResults'));
   */
  public $hookClass = NULL;

  /**
   * @var array common values to be re-used multiple times within a class - usually to create the relevant entity
   */
  protected $_params = array();

  /**
   * @var CRM_Extension_System
   */
  protected $origExtensionSystem;

  /**
   *  Constructor.
   *
   *  Because we are overriding the parent class constructor, we
   *  need to show the same arguments as exist in the constructor of
   *  PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase, since
   *  PHPUnit_Framework_TestSuite::createTest() creates a
   *  ReflectionClass of the Test class and checks the constructor
   *  of that class to decide how to set up the test.
   *
   * @param string $name
   * @param array $data
   * @param string $dataName
   */
  public function __construct($name = NULL, array$data = array(), $dataName = '') {
    parent::__construct($name, $data, $dataName);

    // we need full error reporting
    error_reporting(E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE);

    if (!empty($GLOBALS['mysql_db'])) {
      self::$_dbName = $GLOBALS['mysql_db'];
    }
    else {
      self::$_dbName = 'civicrm_tests_dev';
    }

    //  create test database
    self::$utils = new Utils($GLOBALS['mysql_host'],
      $GLOBALS['mysql_port'],
      $GLOBALS['mysql_user'],
      $GLOBALS['mysql_pass']
    );

    // also load the class loader
    require_once 'CRM/Core/ClassLoader.php';
    CRM_Core_ClassLoader::singleton()->register();
    if (function_exists('_civix_phpunit_setUp')) {
      // FIXME: loosen coupling
      _civix_phpunit_setUp();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Override to run the test and assert its state.
   * @return mixed
   * @throws \Exception
   * @throws \PHPUnit_Framework_IncompleteTest
   * @throws \PHPUnit_Framework_SkippedTest
   */
  protected function runTest() {
    try {
      return parent::runTest();
    }
    catch (PEAR_Exception $e) {
      // PEAR_Exception has metadata in funny places, and PHPUnit won't log it nicely
      throw new Exception(\CRM_Core_Error::formatTextException($e), $e->getCode());
    }
  }

  /**
   * @return bool
   */
  public function requireDBReset() {
    return $this->DBResetRequired;
  }

  /**
   * @return string
   */
  public static function getDBName() {
    $dbName = !empty($GLOBALS['mysql_db']) ? $GLOBALS['mysql_db'] : 'civicrm_tests_dev';
    return $dbName;
  }

  /**
   *  Create database connection for this instance.
   *
   *  Initialize the test database if it hasn't been initialized
   *
   * @return PHPUnit_Extensions_Database_DB_IDatabaseConnection connection
   */
  protected function getConnection() {
    $dbName = self::$_dbName;
    if (!self::$dbInit) {
      $dbName = self::getDBName();

      //  install test database
      echo PHP_EOL . "Installing {$dbName} database" . PHP_EOL;

      static::_populateDB(FALSE, $this);

      self::$dbInit = TRUE;
    }
    return $this->createDefaultDBConnection(self::$utils->pdo, $dbName);
  }

  /**
   *  Required implementation of abstract method.
   */
  protected function getDataSet() {
  }

  /**
   * @param bool $perClass
   * @param null $object
   * @return bool
   *   TRUE if the populate logic runs; FALSE if it is skipped
   */
  protected static function _populateDB($perClass = FALSE, &$object = NULL) {

    if ($perClass || $object == NULL) {
      $dbreset = TRUE;
    }
    else {
      $dbreset = $object->requireDBReset();
    }

    if (self::$populateOnce || !$dbreset) {
      return FALSE;
    }
    self::$populateOnce = NULL;

    $dbName = self::getDBName();
    $pdo = self::$utils->pdo;
    // only consider real tables and not views
    $tables = $pdo->query("SELECT table_name FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
    WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = '{$dbName}' AND TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'");

    $truncates = array();
    $drops = array();
    foreach ($tables as $table) {
      // skip log tables
      if (substr($table['table_name'], 0, 4) == 'log_') {
        continue;
      }

      // don't change list of installed extensions
      if ($table['table_name'] == 'civicrm_extension') {
        continue;
      }

      if (substr($table['table_name'], 0, 14) == 'civicrm_value_') {
        $drops[] = 'DROP TABLE ' . $table['table_name'] . ';';
      }
      else {
        $truncates[] = 'TRUNCATE ' . $table['table_name'] . ';';
      }
    }

    $queries = array(
      "USE {$dbName};",
      "SET foreign_key_checks = 0",
      // SQL mode needs to be strict, that's our standard
      "SET SQL_MODE='STRICT_ALL_TABLES';",
      "SET global innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2;",
    );
    $queries = array_merge($queries, $truncates);
    $queries = array_merge($queries, $drops);
    foreach ($queries as $query) {
      if (self::$utils->do_query($query) === FALSE) {
        //  failed to create test database
        echo "failed to create test db.";
        exit;
      }
    }

    //  initialize test database
    $sql_file2 = dirname(dirname(dirname(dirname(__FILE__)))) . "/sql/civicrm_data.mysql";
    $sql_file3 = dirname(dirname(dirname(dirname(__FILE__)))) . "/sql/test_data.mysql";
    $sql_file4 = dirname(dirname(dirname(dirname(__FILE__)))) . "/sql/test_data_second_domain.mysql";

    $query2 = file_get_contents($sql_file2);
    $query3 = file_get_contents($sql_file3);
    $query4 = file_get_contents($sql_file4);
    if (self::$utils->do_query($query2) === FALSE) {
      echo "Cannot load civicrm_data.mysql. Aborting.";
      exit;
    }
    if (self::$utils->do_query($query3) === FALSE) {
      echo "Cannot load test_data.mysql. Aborting.";
      exit;
    }
    if (self::$utils->do_query($query4) === FALSE) {
      echo "Cannot load test_data.mysql. Aborting.";
      exit;
    }

    // done with all the loading, get transactions back
    if (self::$utils->do_query("set global innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1;") === FALSE) {
      echo "Cannot set global? Huh?";
      exit;
    }

    if (self::$utils->do_query("SET foreign_key_checks = 1") === FALSE) {
      echo "Cannot get foreign keys back? Huh?";
      exit;
    }

    unset($query, $query2, $query3);

    // Rebuild triggers
    civicrm_api('system', 'flush', array('version' => 3, 'triggers' => 1));

    CRM_Core_BAO_ConfigSetting::setEnabledComponents(array(
      'CiviEvent',
      'CiviContribute',
      'CiviMember',
      'CiviMail',
      'CiviReport',
      'CiviPledge',
    ));

    return TRUE;
  }

  public static function setUpBeforeClass() {
    static::_populateDB(TRUE);

    // also set this global hack
    $GLOBALS['_PEAR_ERRORSTACK_OVERRIDE_CALLBACK'] = array();
  }

  /**
   *  Common setup functions for all unit tests.
   */
  protected function setUp() {
    $session = CRM_Core_Session::singleton();
    $session->set('userID', NULL);

    $this->errorScope = CRM_Core_TemporaryErrorScope::useException(); // REVERT
    //  Use a temporary file for STDIN
    $GLOBALS['stdin'] = tmpfile();
    if ($GLOBALS['stdin'] === FALSE) {
      echo "Couldn't open temporary file\n";
      exit(1);
    }

    //  Get and save a connection to the database
    $this->_dbconn = $this->getConnection();

    // reload database before each test
    //        $this->_populateDB();

    // "initialize" CiviCRM to avoid problems when running single tests
    // FIXME: look at it closer in second stage

    // initialize the object once db is loaded
    CRM_Core_Config::$_mail = NULL;
    $config = CRM_Core_Config::singleton();

    // when running unit tests, use mockup user framework
    $config->setUserFramework('UnitTests');
    $this->hookClass = CRM_Utils_Hook::singleton(TRUE);
    // also fix the fatal error handler to throw exceptions,
    // rather than exit
    $config->fatalErrorHandler = 'CiviUnitTestCase_fatalErrorHandler';

    // enable backtrace to get meaningful errors
    $config->backtrace = 1;

    // disable any left-over test extensions
    CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery('DELETE FROM civicrm_extension WHERE full_name LIKE "test.%"');

    // reset all the caches
    CRM_Utils_System::flushCache();

    // Make sure the DB connection is setup properly
    $config->userSystem->setMySQLTimeZone();
    $env = new CRM_Utils_Check_Env();
    CRM_Utils_Check::singleton()->assertValid($env->checkMysqlTime());

    // clear permissions stub to not check permissions
    $config = CRM_Core_Config::singleton();
    $config->userPermissionClass->permissions = NULL;

    //flush component settings
    CRM_Core_Component::getEnabledComponents(TRUE);

    if ($this->_eNoticeCompliant) {
      error_reporting(E_ALL);
    }
    else {
      error_reporting(E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE);
    }
    $this->_sethtmlGlobals();
  }

  /**
   * Read everything from the datasets directory and insert into the db.
   */
  public function loadAllFixtures() {
    $fixturesDir = __DIR__ . '/../../fixtures';

    $this->getConnection()->getConnection()->query("SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;");

    $xmlFiles = glob($fixturesDir . '/*.xml');
    foreach ($xmlFiles as $xmlFixture) {
      $op = new PHPUnit_Extensions_Database_Operation_Insert();
      $dataset = $this->createXMLDataSet($xmlFixture);
      $this->_tablesToTruncate = array_merge($this->_tablesToTruncate, $dataset->getTableNames());
      $op->execute($this->_dbconn, $dataset);
    }

    $yamlFiles = glob($fixturesDir . '/*.yaml');
    foreach ($yamlFiles as $yamlFixture) {
      $op = new PHPUnit_Extensions_Database_Operation_Insert();
      $dataset = new PHPUnit_Extensions_Database_DataSet_YamlDataSet($yamlFixture);
      $this->_tablesToTruncate = array_merge($this->_tablesToTruncate, $dataset->getTableNames());
      $op->execute($this->_dbconn, $dataset);
    }

    $this->getConnection()->getConnection()->query("SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;");
  }

  /**
   * Emulate a logged in user since certain functions use that.
   * value to store a record in the DB (like activity)
   * CRM-8180
   */
  public function createLoggedInUser() {
    $params = array(
      'first_name' => 'Logged In',
      'last_name' => 'User ' . rand(),
      'contact_type' => 'Individual',
    );
    $contactID = $this->individualCreate($params);

    $session = CRM_Core_Session::singleton();
    $session->set('userID', $contactID);
  }

  public function cleanDB() {
    self::$populateOnce = NULL;
    $this->DBResetRequired = TRUE;

    $this->_dbconn = $this->getConnection();
    static::_populateDB();
    $this->tempDirs = array();
  }

  /**
   * Create default domain contacts for the two domains added during test class.
   * database population.
   */
  public function createDomainContacts() {
    $default_domain_contact = $this->organizationCreate();
    $second_domain_contact = $this->organizationCreate();
  }

  /**
   *  Common teardown functions for all unit tests.
   */
  protected function tearDown() {
    error_reporting(E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE);
    CRM_Utils_Hook::singleton()->reset();
    $this->hookClass->reset();
    $session = CRM_Core_Session::singleton();
    $session->set('userID', NULL);

    if ($this->tx) {
      $this->tx->rollback()->commit();
      $this->tx = NULL;

      CRM_Core_Transaction::forceRollbackIfEnabled();
      \Civi\Core\Transaction\Manager::singleton(TRUE);
    }
    else {
      CRM_Core_Transaction::forceRollbackIfEnabled();
      \Civi\Core\Transaction\Manager::singleton(TRUE);

      $tablesToTruncate = array('civicrm_contact');
      $this->quickCleanup($tablesToTruncate);
      $this->createDomainContacts();
    }

    $this->cleanTempDirs();
    $this->unsetExtensionSystem();
    $this->clearOutputBuffer();
  }

  /**
   *  FIXME: Maybe a better way to do it
   */
  public function foreignKeyChecksOff() {
    self::$utils = new Utils($GLOBALS['mysql_host'],
      $GLOBALS['mysql_port'],
      $GLOBALS['mysql_user'],
      $GLOBALS['mysql_pass']
    );
    $dbName = self::getDBName();
    $query = "USE {$dbName};" . "SET foreign_key_checks = 1";
    if (self::$utils->do_query($query) === FALSE) {
      // fail happens
      echo 'Cannot set foreign_key_checks = 0';
      exit(1);
    }
    return TRUE;
  }

  public function foreignKeyChecksOn() {
    // FIXME: might not be needed if previous fixme implemented
  }

  /**
   * Generic function to compare expected values after an api call to retrieved.
   * DB values.
   *
   * @daoName  string   DAO Name of object we're evaluating.
   * @id       int      Id of object
   * @match    array    Associative array of field name => expected value. Empty if asserting
   *                      that a DELETE occurred
   * @delete   boolean  True if we're checking that a DELETE action occurred.
   * @param $daoName
   * @param $id
   * @param $match
   * @param bool $delete
   * @throws \PHPUnit_Framework_AssertionFailedError
   */
  public function assertDBState($daoName, $id, $match, $delete = FALSE) {
    if (empty($id)) {
      // adding this here since developers forget to check for an id
      // and hence we get the first value in the db
      $this->fail('ID not populated. Please fix your assertDBState usage!!!');
    }

    $object = new $daoName();
    $object->id = $id;
    $verifiedCount = 0;

    // If we're asserting successful record deletion, make sure object is NOT found.
    if ($delete) {
      if ($object->find(TRUE)) {
        $this->fail("Object not deleted by delete operation: $daoName, $id");
      }
      return;
    }

    // Otherwise check matches of DAO field values against expected values in $match.
    if ($object->find(TRUE)) {
      $fields = &$object->fields();
      foreach ($fields as $name => $value) {
        $dbName = $value['name'];
        if (isset($match[$name])) {
          $verifiedCount++;
          $this->assertEquals($object->$dbName, $match[$name]);
        }
        elseif (isset($match[$dbName])) {
          $verifiedCount++;
          $this->assertEquals($object->$dbName, $match[$dbName]);
        }
      }
    }
    else {
      $this->fail("Could not retrieve object: $daoName, $id");
    }
    $object->free();
    $matchSize = count($match);
    if ($verifiedCount != $matchSize) {
      $this->fail("Did not verify all fields in match array: $daoName, $id. Verified count = $verifiedCount. Match array size = $matchSize");
    }
  }

  /**
   * Request a record from the DB by seachColumn+searchValue. Success if a record is found.
   * @param string $daoName
   * @param $searchValue
   * @param $returnColumn
   * @param $searchColumn
   * @param $message
   *
   * @return null|string
   * @throws PHPUnit_Framework_AssertionFailedError
   */
  public function assertDBNotNull($daoName, $searchValue, $returnColumn, $searchColumn, $message) {
    if (empty($searchValue)) {
      $this->fail("empty value passed to assertDBNotNull");
    }
    $value = CRM_Core_DAO::getFieldValue($daoName, $searchValue, $returnColumn, $searchColumn, TRUE);
    $this->assertNotNull($value, $message);

    return $value;
  }

  /**
   * Request a record from the DB by seachColumn+searchValue. Success if returnColumn value is NULL.
   * @param string $daoName
   * @param $searchValue
   * @param $returnColumn
   * @param $searchColumn
   * @param $message
   */
  public function assertDBNull($daoName, $searchValue, $returnColumn, $searchColumn, $message) {
    $value = CRM_Core_DAO::getFieldValue($daoName, $searchValue, $returnColumn, $searchColumn, TRUE);
    $this->assertNull($value, $message);
  }

  /**
   * Request a record from the DB by id. Success if row not found.
   * @param string $daoName
   * @param int $id
   * @param null $message
   */
  public function assertDBRowNotExist($daoName, $id, $message = NULL) {
    $message = $message ? $message : "$daoName (#$id) should not exist";
    $value = CRM_Core_DAO::getFieldValue($daoName, $id, 'id', 'id', TRUE);
    $this->assertNull($value, $message);
  }

  /**
   * Request a record from the DB by id. Success if row not found.
   * @param string $daoName
   * @param int $id
   * @param null $message
   */
  public function assertDBRowExist($daoName, $id, $message = NULL) {
    $message = $message ? $message : "$daoName (#$id) should exist";
    $value = CRM_Core_DAO::getFieldValue($daoName, $id, 'id', 'id', TRUE);
    $this->assertEquals($id, $value, $message);
  }

  /**
   * Compare a single column value in a retrieved DB record to an expected value.
   * @param string $daoName
   * @param $searchValue
   * @param $returnColumn
   * @param $searchColumn
   * @param $expectedValue
   * @param $message
   */
  public function assertDBCompareValue(
    $daoName, $searchValue, $returnColumn, $searchColumn,
    $expectedValue, $message
  ) {
    $value = CRM_Core_DAO::getFieldValue($daoName, $searchValue, $returnColumn, $searchColumn, TRUE);
    $this->assertEquals($value, $expectedValue, $message);
  }

  /**
   * Compare all values in a single retrieved DB record to an array of expected values.
   * @param string $daoName
   * @param array $searchParams
   * @param $expectedValues
   */
  public function assertDBCompareValues($daoName, $searchParams, $expectedValues) {
    //get the values from db
    $dbValues = array();
    CRM_Core_DAO::commonRetrieve($daoName, $searchParams, $dbValues);

    // compare db values with expected values
    self::assertAttributesEquals($expectedValues, $dbValues);
  }

  /**
   * Assert that a SQL query returns a given value.
   *
   * The first argument is an expected value. The remaining arguments are passed
   * to CRM_Core_DAO::singleValueQuery
   *
   * Example: $this->assertSql(2, 'select count(*) from foo where foo.bar like "%1"',
   * array(1 => array("Whiz", "String")));
   * @param $expected
   * @param $query
   * @param array $params
   * @param string $message
   */
  public function assertDBQuery($expected, $query, $params = array(), $message = '') {
    if ($message) {
      $message .= ': ';
    }
    $actual = CRM_Core_DAO::singleValueQuery($query, $params);
    $this->assertEquals($expected, $actual,
      sprintf('%sexpected=[%s] actual=[%s] query=[%s]',
        $message, $expected, $actual, CRM_Core_DAO::composeQuery($query, $params, FALSE)
      )
    );
  }

  /**
   * Assert that two array-trees are exactly equal, notwithstanding
   * the sorting of keys
   *
   * @param array $expected
   * @param array $actual
   */
  public function assertTreeEquals($expected, $actual) {
    $e = array();
    $a = array();
    CRM_Utils_Array::flatten($expected, $e, '', ':::');
    CRM_Utils_Array::flatten($actual, $a, '', ':::');
    ksort($e);
    ksort($a);

    $this->assertEquals($e, $a);
  }

  /**
   * Assert that two numbers are approximately equal.
   *
   * @param int|float $expected
   * @param int|float $actual
   * @param int|float $tolerance
   * @param string $message
   */
  public function assertApproxEquals($expected, $actual, $tolerance, $message = NULL) {
    if ($message === NULL) {
      $message = sprintf("approx-equals: expected=[%.3f] actual=[%.3f] tolerance=[%.3f]", $expected, $actual, $tolerance);
    }
    $this->assertTrue(abs($actual - $expected) < $tolerance, $message);
  }

  /**
   * Assert attributes are equal.
   *
   * @param $expectedValues
   * @param $actualValues
   * @param string $message
   *
   * @throws PHPUnit_Framework_AssertionFailedError
   */
  public function assertAttributesEquals($expectedValues, $actualValues, $message = NULL) {
    foreach ($expectedValues as $paramName => $paramValue) {
      if (isset($actualValues[$paramName])) {
        $this->assertEquals($paramValue, $actualValues[$paramName], "Value Mismatch On $paramName - value 1 is " . print_r($paramValue, TRUE) . "  value 2 is " . print_r($actualValues[$paramName], TRUE));
      }
      else {
        $this->fail("Attribute '$paramName' not present in actual array.");
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * @param $key
   * @param $list
   */
  public function assertArrayKeyExists($key, &$list) {
    $result = isset($list[$key]) ? TRUE : FALSE;
    $this->assertTrue($result, ts("%1 element exists?",
      array(1 => $key)
    ));
  }

  /**
   * @param $key
   * @param $list
   */
  public function assertArrayValueNotNull($key, &$list) {
    $this->assertArrayKeyExists($key, $list);

    $value = isset($list[$key]) ? $list[$key] : NULL;
    $this->assertTrue($value,
      ts("%1 element not null?",
        array(1 => $key)
      )
    );
  }

  /**
   * Check that api returned 'is_error' => 0.
   *
   * @param array $apiResult
   *   Api result.
   * @param string $prefix
   *   Extra test to add to message.
   */
  public function assertAPISuccess($apiResult, $prefix = '') {
    if (!empty($prefix)) {
      $prefix .= ': ';
    }
    $errorMessage = empty($apiResult['error_message']) ? '' : " " . $apiResult['error_message'];

    if (!empty($apiResult['debug_information'])) {
      $errorMessage .= "\n " . print_r($apiResult['debug_information'], TRUE);
    }
    if (!empty($apiResult['trace'])) {
      $errorMessage .= "\n" . print_r($apiResult['trace'], TRUE);
    }
    $this->assertEquals(0, $apiResult['is_error'], $prefix . $errorMessage);
  }

  /**
   * Check that api returned 'is_error' => 1.
   *
   * @param array $apiResult
   *   Api result.
   * @param string $prefix
   *   Extra test to add to message.
   * @param null $expectedError
   */
  public function assertAPIFailure($apiResult, $prefix = '', $expectedError = NULL) {
    if (!empty($prefix)) {
      $prefix .= ': ';
    }
    if ($expectedError && !empty($apiResult['is_error'])) {
      $this->assertEquals($expectedError, $apiResult['error_message'], 'api error message not as expected' . $prefix);
    }
    $this->assertEquals(1, $apiResult['is_error'], "api call should have failed but it succeeded " . $prefix . (print_r($apiResult, TRUE)));
    $this->assertNotEmpty($apiResult['error_message']);
  }

  /**
   * @param $expected
   * @param $actual
   * @param string $message
   */
  public function assertType($expected, $actual, $message = '') {
    return $this->assertInternalType($expected, $actual, $message);
  }

  /**
   * Check that a deleted item has been deleted.
   *
   * @param $entity
   * @param $id
   */
  public function assertAPIDeleted($entity, $id) {
    $this->callAPISuccess($entity, 'getcount', array('id' => $id), 0);
  }


  /**
   * Check that api returned 'is_error' => 1
   * else provide full message
   * @param array $result
   * @param $expected
   * @param array $valuesToExclude
   * @param string $prefix
   *   Extra test to add to message.
   */
  public function assertAPIArrayComparison($result, $expected, $valuesToExclude = array(), $prefix = '') {
    $valuesToExclude = array_merge($valuesToExclude, array('debug', 'xdebug', 'sequential'));
    foreach ($valuesToExclude as $value) {
      if (isset($result[$value])) {
        unset($result[$value]);
      }
      if (isset($expected[$value])) {
        unset($expected[$value]);
      }
    }
    $this->assertEquals($result, $expected, "api result array comparison failed " . $prefix . print_r($result, TRUE) . ' was compared to ' . print_r($expected, TRUE));
  }

  /**
   * A stub for the API interface. This can be overriden by subclasses to change how the API is called.
   *
   * @param $entity
   * @param $action
   * @param array $params
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function civicrm_api($entity, $action, $params) {
    return civicrm_api($entity, $action, $params);
  }

  /**
   * Create a batch of external API calls which can
   * be executed concurrently.
   *
   * @code
   * $calls = $this->createExternalAPI()
   *    ->addCall('Contact', 'get', ...)
   *    ->addCall('Contact', 'get', ...)
   *    ...
   *    ->run()
   *    ->getResults();
   * @endcode
   *
   * @return \Civi\API\ExternalBatch
   * @throws PHPUnit_Framework_SkippedTestError
   */
  public function createExternalAPI() {
    global $civicrm_root;
    $defaultParams = array(
      'version' => $this->_apiversion,
      'debug' => 1,
    );

    $calls = new \Civi\API\ExternalBatch($defaultParams);
    $calls->setSettingsPath("$civicrm_root/tests/phpunit/CiviTest/civicrm.settings.cli.php");

    if (!$calls->isSupported()) {
      $this->markTestSkipped('The test relies on Civi\API\ExternalBatch. This is unsupported in the local environment.');
    }

    return $calls;
  }

  /**
   * wrap api functions.
   * so we can ensure they succeed & throw exceptions without litterering the test with checks
   *
   * @param string $entity
   * @param string $action
   * @param array $params
   * @param mixed $checkAgainst
   *   Optional value to check result against, implemented for getvalue,.
   *   getcount, getsingle. Note that for getvalue the type is checked rather than the value
   *   for getsingle the array is compared against an array passed in - the id is not compared (for
   *   better or worse )
   *
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function callAPISuccess($entity, $action, $params, $checkAgainst = NULL) {
    $params = array_merge(array(
        'version' => $this->_apiversion,
        'debug' => 1,
      ),
      $params
    );
    switch (strtolower($action)) {
      case 'getvalue':
        return $this->callAPISuccessGetValue($entity, $params, $checkAgainst);

      case 'getsingle':
        return $this->callAPISuccessGetSingle($entity, $params, $checkAgainst);

      case 'getcount':
        return $this->callAPISuccessGetCount($entity, $params, $checkAgainst);
    }
    $result = $this->civicrm_api($entity, $action, $params);
    $this->assertAPISuccess($result, "Failure in api call for $entity $action");
    return $result;
  }

  /**
   * This function exists to wrap api getValue function & check the result
   * so we can ensure they succeed & throw exceptions without litterering the test with checks
   * There is a type check in this
   *
   * @param string $entity
   * @param array $params
   * @param string $type
   *   Per http://php.net/manual/en/function.gettype.php possible types.
   *   - boolean
   *   - integer
   *   - double
   *   - string
   *   - array
   *   - object
   *
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function callAPISuccessGetValue($entity, $params, $type = NULL) {
    $params += array(
      'version' => $this->_apiversion,
      'debug' => 1,
    );
    $result = $this->civicrm_api($entity, 'getvalue', $params);
    if ($type) {
      if ($type == 'integer') {
        // api seems to return integers as strings
        $this->assertTrue(is_numeric($result), "expected a numeric value but got " . print_r($result, 1));
      }
      else {
        $this->assertType($type, $result, "returned result should have been of type $type but was ");
      }
    }
    return $result;
  }

  /**
   * This function exists to wrap api getsingle function & check the result
   * so we can ensure they succeed & throw exceptions without litterering the test with checks
   *
   * @param string $entity
   * @param array $params
   * @param array $checkAgainst
   *   Array to compare result against.
   *   - boolean
   *   - integer
   *   - double
   *   - string
   *   - array
   *   - object
   *
   * @throws Exception
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function callAPISuccessGetSingle($entity, $params, $checkAgainst = NULL) {
    $params += array(
      'version' => $this->_apiversion,
      'debug' => 1,
    );
    $result = $this->civicrm_api($entity, 'getsingle', $params);
    if (!is_array($result) || !empty($result['is_error']) || isset($result['values'])) {
      throw new Exception('Invalid getsingle result' . print_r($result, TRUE));
    }
    if ($checkAgainst) {
      // @todo - have gone with the fn that unsets id? should we check id?
      $this->checkArrayEquals($result, $checkAgainst);
    }
    return $result;
  }

  /**
   * This function exists to wrap api getValue function & check the result
   * so we can ensure they succeed & throw exceptions without litterering the test with checks
   * There is a type check in this
   * @param string $entity
   * @param array $params
   * @param null $count
   * @throws Exception
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function callAPISuccessGetCount($entity, $params, $count = NULL) {
    $params += array(
      'version' => $this->_apiversion,
      'debug' => 1,
    );
    $result = $this->civicrm_api($entity, 'getcount', $params);
    if (!is_int($result) || !empty($result['is_error']) || isset($result['values'])) {
      throw new Exception('Invalid getcount result : ' . print_r($result, TRUE) . " type :" . gettype($result));
    }
    if (is_int($count)) {
      $this->assertEquals($count, $result, "incorrect count returned from $entity getcount");
    }
    return $result;
  }

  /**
   * This function exists to wrap api functions.
   * so we can ensure they succeed, generate and example & throw exceptions without litterering the test with checks
   *
   * @param string $entity
   * @param string $action
   * @param array $params
   * @param string $function
   *   Pass this in to create a generated example.
   * @param string $file
   *   Pass this in to create a generated example.
   * @param string $description
   * @param string|null $exampleName
   *
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function callAPIAndDocument($entity, $action, $params, $function, $file, $description = "", $exampleName = NULL) {
    $params['version'] = $this->_apiversion;
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess($entity, $action, $params);
    $this->documentMe($entity, $action, $params, $result, $function, $file, $description, $exampleName);
    return $result;
  }

  /**
   * This function exists to wrap api functions.
   * so we can ensure they fail where expected & throw exceptions without litterering the test with checks
   * @param string $entity
   * @param string $action
   * @param array $params
   * @param string $expectedErrorMessage
   *   Error.
   * @param null $extraOutput
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function callAPIFailure($entity, $action, $params, $expectedErrorMessage = NULL, $extraOutput = NULL) {
    if (is_array($params)) {
      $params += array(
        'version' => $this->_apiversion,
      );
    }
    $result = $this->civicrm_api($entity, $action, $params);
    $this->assertAPIFailure($result, "We expected a failure for $entity $action but got a success");
    return $result;
  }

  /**
   * Create required data based on $this->entity & $this->params
   * This is just a way to set up the test data for delete & get functions
   * so the distinction between set
   * up & tested functions is clearer
   *
   * @return array
   *   api Result
   */
  public function createTestEntity() {
    return $entity = $this->callAPISuccess($this->entity, 'create', $this->params);
  }

  /**
   * Generic function to create Organisation, to be used in test cases
   *
   * @param array $params
   *   parameters for civicrm_contact_add api function call
   * @param int $seq
   *   sequence number if creating multiple organizations
   *
   * @return int
   *   id of Organisation created
   */
  public function organizationCreate($params = array(), $seq = 0) {
    if (!$params) {
      $params = array();
    }
    $params = array_merge($this->sampleContact('Organization', $seq), $params);
    return $this->_contactCreate($params);
  }

  /**
   * Generic function to create Individual, to be used in test cases
   *
   * @param array $params
   *   parameters for civicrm_contact_add api function call
   * @param int $seq
   *   sequence number if creating multiple individuals
   *
   * @return int
   *   id of Individual created
   */
  public function individualCreate($params = array(), $seq = 0) {
    $params = array_merge($this->sampleContact('Individual', $seq), $params);
    return $this->_contactCreate($params);
  }

  /**
   * Generic function to create Household, to be used in test cases
   *
   * @param array $params
   *   parameters for civicrm_contact_add api function call
   * @param int $seq
   *   sequence number if creating multiple households
   *
   * @return int
   *   id of Household created
   */
  public function householdCreate($params = array(), $seq = 0) {
    $params = array_merge($this->sampleContact('Household', $seq), $params);
    return $this->_contactCreate($params);
  }

  /**
   * Helper function for getting sample contact properties.
   *
   * @param string $contact_type
   *   enum contact type: Individual, Organization
   * @param int $seq
   *   sequence number for the values of this type
   *
   * @return array
   *   properties of sample contact (ie. $params for API call)
   */
  public function sampleContact($contact_type, $seq = 0) {
    $samples = array(
      'Individual' => array(
        // The number of values in each list need to be coprime numbers to not have duplicates
        'first_name' => array('Anthony', 'Joe', 'Terrence', 'Lucie', 'Albert', 'Bill', 'Kim'),
        'middle_name' => array('J.', 'M.', 'P', 'L.', 'K.', 'A.', 'B.', 'C.', 'D', 'E.', 'Z.'),
        'last_name' => array('Anderson', 'Miller', 'Smith', 'Collins', 'Peterson'),
      ),
      'Organization' => array(
        'organization_name' => array(
          'Unit Test Organization',
          'Acme',
          'Roberts and Sons',
          'Cryo Space Labs',
          'Sharper Pens',
        ),
      ),
      'Household' => array(
        'household_name' => array('Unit Test household'),
      ),
    );
    $params = array('contact_type' => $contact_type);
    foreach ($samples[$contact_type] as $key => $values) {
      $params[$key] = $values[$seq % count($values)];
    }
    if ($contact_type == 'Individual') {
      $params['email'] = strtolower(
        $params['first_name'] . '_' . $params['last_name'] . '@civicrm.org'
      );
      $params['prefix_id'] = 3;
      $params['suffix_id'] = 3;
    }
    return $params;
  }

  /**
   * Private helper function for calling civicrm_contact_add.
   *
   * @param array $params
   *   For civicrm_contact_add api function call.
   *
   * @throws Exception
   *
   * @return int
   *   id of Household created
   */
  private function _contactCreate($params) {
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('contact', 'create', $params);
    if (!empty($result['is_error']) || empty($result['id'])) {
      throw new Exception('Could not create test contact, with message: ' . CRM_Utils_Array::value('error_message', $result) . "\nBacktrace:" . CRM_Utils_Array::value('trace', $result));
    }
    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * Delete contact, ensuring it is not the domain contact
   *
   * @param int $contactID
   *   Contact ID to delete
   */
  public function contactDelete($contactID) {
    $domain = new CRM_Core_BAO_Domain();
    $domain->contact_id = $contactID;
    if (!$domain->find(TRUE)) {
      $this->callAPISuccess('contact', 'delete', array(
        'id' => $contactID,
        'skip_undelete' => 1,
      ));
    }
  }

  /**
   * @param int $contactTypeId
   *
   * @throws Exception
   */
  public function contactTypeDelete($contactTypeId) {
    $result = CRM_Contact_BAO_ContactType::del($contactTypeId);
    if (!$result) {
      throw new Exception('Could not delete contact type');
    }
  }

  /**
   * @param array $params
   *
   * @return mixed
   */
  public function membershipTypeCreate($params = array()) {
    CRM_Member_PseudoConstant::flush('membershipType');
    CRM_Core_Config::clearDBCache();
    $memberOfOrganization = $this->organizationCreate();
    $params = array_merge(array(
      'name' => 'General',
      'duration_unit' => 'year',
      'duration_interval' => 1,
      'period_type' => 'rolling',
      'member_of_contact_id' => $memberOfOrganization,
      'domain_id' => 1,
      'financial_type_id' => 1,
      'is_active' => 1,
      'sequential' => 1,
      'visibility' => 'Public',
    ), $params);

    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('MembershipType', 'Create', $params);

    CRM_Member_PseudoConstant::flush('membershipType');
    CRM_Utils_Cache::singleton()->flush();

    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * @param array $params
   *
   * @return mixed
   */
  public function contactMembershipCreate($params) {
    $pre = array(
      'join_date' => '2007-01-21',
      'start_date' => '2007-01-21',
      'end_date' => '2007-12-21',
      'source' => 'Payment',
    );

    foreach ($pre as $key => $val) {
      if (!isset($params[$key])) {
        $params[$key] = $val;
      }
    }

    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('Membership', 'create', $params);
    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * Delete Membership Type.
   *
   * @param array $params
   */
  public function membershipTypeDelete($params) {
    $this->callAPISuccess('MembershipType', 'Delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * @param int $membershipID
   */
  public function membershipDelete($membershipID) {
    $deleteParams = array('id' => $membershipID);
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('Membership', 'Delete', $deleteParams);
  }

  /**
   * @param string $name
   *
   * @return mixed
   */
  public function membershipStatusCreate($name = 'test member status') {
    $params['name'] = $name;
    $params['start_event'] = 'start_date';
    $params['end_event'] = 'end_date';
    $params['is_current_member'] = 1;
    $params['is_active'] = 1;

    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('MembershipStatus', 'Create', $params);
    CRM_Member_PseudoConstant::flush('membershipStatus');
    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * @param int $membershipStatusID
   */
  public function membershipStatusDelete($membershipStatusID) {
    if (!$membershipStatusID) {
      return;
    }
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('MembershipStatus', 'Delete', array('id' => $membershipStatusID));
  }

  /**
   * @param array $params
   *
   * @return mixed
   */
  public function relationshipTypeCreate($params = array()) {
    $params = array_merge(array(
        'name_a_b' => 'Relation 1 for relationship type create',
        'name_b_a' => 'Relation 2 for relationship type create',
        'contact_type_a' => 'Individual',
        'contact_type_b' => 'Organization',
        'is_reserved' => 1,
        'is_active' => 1,
      ),
      $params
    );

    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('relationship_type', 'create', $params);
    CRM_Core_PseudoConstant::flush('relationshipType');

    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * Delete Relatinship Type.
   *
   * @param int $relationshipTypeID
   */
  public function relationshipTypeDelete($relationshipTypeID) {
    $params['id'] = $relationshipTypeID;
    $this->callAPISuccess('relationship_type', 'delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * @param array $params
   *
   * @return mixed
   */
  public function paymentProcessorTypeCreate($params = NULL) {
    if (is_null($params)) {
      $params = array(
        'name' => 'API_Test_PP',
        'title' => 'API Test Payment Processor',
        'class_name' => 'CRM_Core_Payment_APITest',
        'billing_mode' => 'form',
        'is_recur' => 0,
        'is_reserved' => 1,
        'is_active' => 1,
      );
    }
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('payment_processor_type', 'create', $params);

    CRM_Core_PseudoConstant::flush('paymentProcessorType');

    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * Create Participant.
   *
   * @param array $params
   *   Array of contact id and event id values.
   *
   * @return int
   *   $id of participant created
   */
  public function participantCreate($params) {
    if (empty($params['contact_id'])) {
      $params['contact_id'] = $this->individualCreate();
    }
    if (empty($params['event_id'])) {
      $event = $this->eventCreate();
      $params['event_id'] = $event['id'];
    }
    $defaults = array(
      'status_id' => 2,
      'role_id' => 1,
      'register_date' => 20070219,
      'source' => 'Wimbeldon',
      'event_level' => 'Payment',
      'debug' => 1,
    );

    $params = array_merge($defaults, $params);
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('Participant', 'create', $params);
    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * Create Payment Processor.
   *
   * @return CRM_Financial_DAO_PaymentProcessor
   *   instance of Payment Processsor
   */
  public function processorCreate() {
    $processorParams = array(
      'domain_id' => 1,
      'name' => 'Dummy',
      'payment_processor_type_id' => 10,
      'financial_account_id' => 12,
      'is_active' => 1,
      'user_name' => '',
      'url_site' => 'http://dummy.com',
      'url_recur' => 'http://dummy.com',
      'billing_mode' => 1,
    );
    $paymentProcessor = CRM_Financial_BAO_PaymentProcessor::create($processorParams);
    return $paymentProcessor;
  }

  /**
   * Create contribution page.
   *
   * @param array $params
   * @return array
   *   Array of contribution page
   */
  public function contributionPageCreate($params) {
    $this->_pageParams = array(
      'title' => 'Test Contribution Page',
      'financial_type_id' => 1,
      'currency' => 'USD',
      'financial_account_id' => 1,
      'payment_processor' => $params['processor_id'],
      'is_active' => 1,
      'is_allow_other_amount' => 1,
      'min_amount' => 10,
      'max_amount' => 1000,
    );
    $contributionPage = $this->callAPISuccess('contribution_page', 'create', $this->_pageParams);
    return $contributionPage;
  }

  /**
   * Create Tag.
   *
   * @param array $params
   * @return array
   *   result of created tag
   */
  public function tagCreate($params = array()) {
    $defaults = array(
      'name' => 'New Tag3',
      'description' => 'This is description for Our New Tag ',
      'domain_id' => '1',
    );
    $params = array_merge($defaults, $params);
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('Tag', 'create', $params);
    return $result['values'][$result['id']];
  }

  /**
   * Delete Tag.
   *
   * @param int $tagId
   *   Id of the tag to be deleted.
   *
   * @return int
   */
  public function tagDelete($tagId) {
    require_once 'api/api.php';
    $params = array(
      'tag_id' => $tagId,
    );
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('Tag', 'delete', $params);
    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * Add entity(s) to the tag
   *
   * @param array $params
   *
   * @return bool
   */
  public function entityTagAdd($params) {
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('entity_tag', 'create', $params);
    return TRUE;
  }

  /**
   * Create contribution.
   *
   * @param int $cID
   *   Contact_id.
   *
   * @return int
   *   id of created contribution
   */
  public function pledgeCreate($cID) {
    $params = array(
      'contact_id' => $cID,
      'pledge_create_date' => date('Ymd'),
      'start_date' => date('Ymd'),
      'scheduled_date' => date('Ymd'),
      'amount' => 100.00,
      'pledge_status_id' => '2',
      'financial_type_id' => '1',
      'pledge_original_installment_amount' => 20,
      'frequency_interval' => 5,
      'frequency_unit' => 'year',
      'frequency_day' => 15,
      'installments' => 5,
    );

    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('Pledge', 'create', $params);
    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * Delete contribution.
   *
   * @param int $pledgeId
   */
  public function pledgeDelete($pledgeId) {
    $params = array(
      'pledge_id' => $pledgeId,
    );
    $this->callAPISuccess('Pledge', 'delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Create contribution.
   *
   * @param int $cID
   *   Contact_id.
   * @param int $cTypeID
   *   Id of financial type.
   * @param int $invoiceID
   * @param int $trxnID
   * @param int $paymentInstrumentID
   * @param bool $isFee
   *
   * @return int
   *   id of created contribution
   */
  public function contributionCreate($cID, $cTypeID = 1, $invoiceID = 67890, $trxnID = 12345, $paymentInstrumentID = 1, $isFee = TRUE) {
    $params = array(
      'domain_id' => 1,
      'contact_id' => $cID,
      'receive_date' => date('Ymd'),
      'total_amount' => 100.00,
      'financial_type_id' => empty($cTypeID) ? 1 : $cTypeID,
      'payment_instrument_id' => empty($paymentInstrumentID) ? 1 : $paymentInstrumentID,
      'non_deductible_amount' => 10.00,
      'trxn_id' => $trxnID,
      'invoice_id' => $invoiceID,
      'source' => 'SSF',
      'contribution_status_id' => 1,
      // 'note'                   => 'Donating for Nobel Cause', *Fixme
    );

    if ($isFee) {
      $params['fee_amount'] = 5.00;
      $params['net_amount'] = 95.00;
    }

    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('contribution', 'create', $params);
    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * Create online contribution.
   *
   * @param array $params
   * @param int $financialType
   *   Id of financial type.
   * @param int $invoiceID
   * @param int $trxnID
   *
   * @return int
   *   id of created contribution
   */
  public function onlineContributionCreate($params, $financialType, $invoiceID = 67890, $trxnID = 12345) {
    $contribParams = array(
      'contact_id' => $params['contact_id'],
      'receive_date' => date('Ymd'),
      'total_amount' => 100.00,
      'financial_type_id' => $financialType,
      'contribution_page_id' => $params['contribution_page_id'],
      'trxn_id' => 12345,
      'invoice_id' => 67890,
      'source' => 'SSF',
    );
    $contribParams = array_merge($contribParams, $params);
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('contribution', 'create', $contribParams);

    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * Delete contribution.
   *
   * @param int $contributionId
   *
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function contributionDelete($contributionId) {
    $params = array(
      'contribution_id' => $contributionId,
    );
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('contribution', 'delete', $params);
    return $result;
  }

  /**
   * Create an Event.
   *
   * @param array $params
   *   Name-value pair for an event.
   *
   * @return array
   */
  public function eventCreate($params = array()) {
    // if no contact was passed, make up a dummy event creator
    if (!isset($params['contact_id'])) {
      $params['contact_id'] = $this->_contactCreate(array(
        'contact_type' => 'Individual',
        'first_name' => 'Event',
        'last_name' => 'Creator',
      ));
    }

    // set defaults for missing params
    $params = array_merge(array(
      'title' => 'Annual CiviCRM meet',
      'summary' => 'If you have any CiviCRM related issues or want to track where CiviCRM is heading, Sign up now',
      'description' => 'This event is intended to give brief idea about progess of CiviCRM and giving solutions to common user issues',
      'event_type_id' => 1,
      'is_public' => 1,
      'start_date' => 20081021,
      'end_date' => 20081023,
      'is_online_registration' => 1,
      'registration_start_date' => 20080601,
      'registration_end_date' => 20081015,
      'max_participants' => 100,
      'event_full_text' => 'Sorry! We are already full',
      'is_monetory' => 0,
      'is_active' => 1,
      'is_show_location' => 0,
    ), $params);

    return $this->callAPISuccess('Event', 'create', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Delete event.
   *
   * @param int $id
   *   ID of the event.
   *
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function eventDelete($id) {
    $params = array(
      'event_id' => $id,
    );
    return $this->callAPISuccess('event', 'delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Delete participant.
   *
   * @param int $participantID
   *
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function participantDelete($participantID) {
    $params = array(
      'id' => $participantID,
    );
    return $this->callAPISuccess('Participant', 'delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Create participant payment.
   *
   * @param int $participantID
   * @param int $contributionID
   * @return int
   *   $id of created payment
   */
  public function participantPaymentCreate($participantID, $contributionID = NULL) {
    //Create Participant Payment record With Values
    $params = array(
      'participant_id' => $participantID,
      'contribution_id' => $contributionID,
    );

    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('participant_payment', 'create', $params);
    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * Delete participant payment.
   *
   * @param int $paymentID
   */
  public function participantPaymentDelete($paymentID) {
    $params = array(
      'id' => $paymentID,
    );
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('participant_payment', 'delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Add a Location.
   *
   * @param int $contactID
   * @return int
   *   location id of created location
   */
  public function locationAdd($contactID) {
    $address = array(
      1 => array(
        'location_type' => 'New Location Type',
        'is_primary' => 1,
        'name' => 'Saint Helier St',
        'county' => 'Marin',
        'country' => 'United States',
        'state_province' => 'Michigan',
        'supplemental_address_1' => 'Hallmark Ct',
        'supplemental_address_2' => 'Jersey Village',
      ),
    );

    $params = array(
      'contact_id' => $contactID,
      'address' => $address,
      'location_format' => '2.0',
      'location_type' => 'New Location Type',
    );

    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('Location', 'create', $params);
    return $result;
  }

  /**
   * Delete Locations of contact.
   *
   * @param array $params
   *   Parameters.
   */
  public function locationDelete($params) {
    $this->callAPISuccess('Location', 'delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Add a Location Type.
   *
   * @param array $params
   * @return CRM_Core_DAO_LocationType
   *   location id of created location
   */
  public function locationTypeCreate($params = NULL) {
    if ($params === NULL) {
      $params = array(
        'name' => 'New Location Type',
        'vcard_name' => 'New Location Type',
        'description' => 'Location Type for Delete',
        'is_active' => 1,
      );
    }

    $locationType = new CRM_Core_DAO_LocationType();
    $locationType->copyValues($params);
    $locationType->save();
    // clear getfields cache
    CRM_Core_PseudoConstant::flush();
    $this->callAPISuccess('phone', 'getfields', array('version' => 3, 'cache_clear' => 1));
    return $locationType;
  }

  /**
   * Delete a Location Type.
   *
   * @param int $locationTypeId
   */
  public function locationTypeDelete($locationTypeId) {
    $locationType = new CRM_Core_DAO_LocationType();
    $locationType->id = $locationTypeId;
    $locationType->delete();
  }

  /**
   * Add a Group.
   *
   * @param array $params
   * @return int
   *   groupId of created group
   */
  public function groupCreate($params = array()) {
    $params = array_merge(array(
      'name' => 'Test Group 1',
      'domain_id' => 1,
      'title' => 'New Test Group Created',
      'description' => 'New Test Group Created',
      'is_active' => 1,
      'visibility' => 'Public Pages',
      'group_type' => array(
        '1' => 1,
        '2' => 1,
      ),
    ), $params);

    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('Group', 'create', $params);
    return $result['id'];
  }


  /**
   * Function to add a Group.
   *
   * @params array to add group
   *
   * @param int $groupID
   * @param int $totalCount
   * @return int
   *    groupId of created group
   */
  public function groupContactCreate($groupID, $totalCount = 10) {
    $params = array('group_id' => $groupID);
    for ($i = 1; $i <= $totalCount; $i++) {
      $contactID = $this->individualCreate();
      if ($i == 1) {
        $params += array('contact_id' => $contactID);
      }
      else {
        $params += array("contact_id.$i" => $contactID);
      }
    }
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('GroupContact', 'create', $params);

    return $result;
  }

  /**
   * Delete a Group.
   *
   * @param int $gid
   */
  public function groupDelete($gid) {

    $params = array(
      'id' => $gid,
    );

    $this->callAPISuccess('Group', 'delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Create a UFField.
   * @param array $params
   */
  public function uFFieldCreate($params = array()) {
    $params = array_merge(array(
      'uf_group_id' => 1,
      'field_name' => 'first_name',
      'is_active' => 1,
      'is_required' => 1,
      'visibility' => 'Public Pages and Listings',
      'is_searchable' => '1',
      'label' => 'first_name',
      'field_type' => 'Individual',
      'weight' => 1,
    ), $params);
    $this->callAPISuccess('uf_field', 'create', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Add a UF Join Entry.
   *
   * @param array $params
   * @return int
   *   $id of created UF Join
   */
  public function ufjoinCreate($params = NULL) {
    if ($params === NULL) {
      $params = array(
        'is_active' => 1,
        'module' => 'CiviEvent',
        'entity_table' => 'civicrm_event',
        'entity_id' => 3,
        'weight' => 1,
        'uf_group_id' => 1,
      );
    }
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('uf_join', 'create', $params);
    return $result;
  }

  /**
   * Delete a UF Join Entry.
   *
   * @param array $params
   *   with missing uf_group_id
   */
  public function ufjoinDelete($params = NULL) {
    if ($params === NULL) {
      $params = array(
        'is_active' => 1,
        'module' => 'CiviEvent',
        'entity_table' => 'civicrm_event',
        'entity_id' => 3,
        'weight' => 1,
        'uf_group_id' => '',
      );
    }

    crm_add_uf_join($params);
  }

  /**
   * @param array $params
   *   Optional parameters.
   *
   * @return int
   *   Campaign ID.
   */
  public function campaignCreate($params = array()) {
    $this->enableCiviCampaign();
    $campaign = $this->callAPISuccess('campaign', 'create', array_merge(array(
      'name' => 'big_campaign',
      'title' => 'Campaign',
    ), $params));
    return $campaign['id'];
  }

  /**
   * Create Group for a contact.
   *
   * @param int $contactId
   */
  public function contactGroupCreate($contactId) {
    $params = array(
      'contact_id.1' => $contactId,
      'group_id' => 1,
    );

    $this->callAPISuccess('GroupContact', 'Create', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Delete Group for a contact.
   *
   * @param int $contactId
   */
  public function contactGroupDelete($contactId) {
    $params = array(
      'contact_id.1' => $contactId,
      'group_id' => 1,
    );
    $this->civicrm_api('GroupContact', 'Delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Create Activity.
   *
   * @param array $params
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function activityCreate($params = NULL) {

    if ($params === NULL) {
      $individualSourceID = $this->individualCreate();

      $contactParams = array(
        'first_name' => 'Julia',
        'Last_name' => 'Anderson',
        'prefix' => 'Ms.',
        'email' => 'julia_anderson@civicrm.org',
        'contact_type' => 'Individual',
      );

      $individualTargetID = $this->individualCreate($contactParams);

      $params = array(
        'source_contact_id' => $individualSourceID,
        'target_contact_id' => array($individualTargetID),
        'assignee_contact_id' => array($individualTargetID),
        'subject' => 'Discussion on warm beer',
        'activity_date_time' => date('Ymd'),
        'duration_hours' => 30,
        'duration_minutes' => 20,
        'location' => 'Baker Street',
        'details' => 'Lets schedule a meeting',
        'status_id' => 1,
        'activity_name' => 'Meeting',
      );
    }

    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('Activity', 'create', $params);

    $result['target_contact_id'] = $individualTargetID;
    $result['assignee_contact_id'] = $individualTargetID;
    return $result;
  }

  /**
   * Create an activity type.
   *
   * @param array $params
   *   Parameters.
   * @return array
   */
  public function activityTypeCreate($params) {
    return $this->callAPISuccess('ActivityType', 'create', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Delete activity type.
   *
   * @param int $activityTypeId
   *   Id of the activity type.
   * @return array
   */
  public function activityTypeDelete($activityTypeId) {
    $params['activity_type_id'] = $activityTypeId;
    return $this->callAPISuccess('ActivityType', 'delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Create custom group.
   *
   * @param array $params
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function customGroupCreate($params = array()) {
    $defaults = array(
      'title' => 'new custom group',
      'extends' => 'Contact',
      'domain_id' => 1,
      'style' => 'Inline',
      'is_active' => 1,
    );

    $params = array_merge($defaults, $params);

    if (strlen($params['title']) > 13) {
      $params['title'] = substr($params['title'], 0, 13);
    }

    //have a crack @ deleting it first in the hope this will prevent derailing our tests
    $this->callAPISuccess('custom_group', 'get', array(
      'title' => $params['title'],
      array('api.custom_group.delete' => 1),
    ));

    return $this->callAPISuccess('custom_group', 'create', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Existing function doesn't allow params to be over-ridden so need a new one
   * this one allows you to only pass in the params you want to change
   * @param array $params
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function CustomGroupCreateByParams($params = array()) {
    $defaults = array(
      'title' => "API Custom Group",
      'extends' => 'Contact',
      'domain_id' => 1,
      'style' => 'Inline',
      'is_active' => 1,
    );
    $params = array_merge($defaults, $params);
    return $this->callAPISuccess('custom_group', 'create', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Create custom group with multi fields.
   * @param array $params
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function CustomGroupMultipleCreateByParams($params = array()) {
    $defaults = array(
      'style' => 'Tab',
      'is_multiple' => 1,
    );
    $params = array_merge($defaults, $params);
    return $this->CustomGroupCreateByParams($params);
  }

  /**
   * Create custom group with multi fields.
   * @param array $params
   * @return array
   */
  public function CustomGroupMultipleCreateWithFields($params = array()) {
    // also need to pass on $params['custom_field'] if not set but not in place yet
    $ids = array();
    $customGroup = $this->CustomGroupMultipleCreateByParams($params);
    $ids['custom_group_id'] = $customGroup['id'];

    $customField = $this->customFieldCreate(array(
      'custom_group_id' => $ids['custom_group_id'],
      'label' => 'field_1' . $ids['custom_group_id'],
    ));

    $ids['custom_field_id'][] = $customField['id'];

    $customField = $this->customFieldCreate(array(
      'custom_group_id' => $ids['custom_group_id'],
      'default_value' => '',
      'label' => 'field_2' . $ids['custom_group_id'],
    ));
    $ids['custom_field_id'][] = $customField['id'];

    $customField = $this->customFieldCreate(array(
      'custom_group_id' => $ids['custom_group_id'],
      'default_value' => '',
      'label' => 'field_3' . $ids['custom_group_id'],
    ));
    $ids['custom_field_id'][] = $customField['id'];

    return $ids;
  }

  /**
   * Create a custom group with a single text custom field.  See
   * participant:testCreateWithCustom for how to use this
   *
   * @param string $function
   *   __FUNCTION__.
   * @param string $filename
   *   $file __FILE__.
   *
   * @return array
   *   ids of created objects
   */
  public function entityCustomGroupWithSingleFieldCreate($function, $filename) {
    $params = array('title' => $function);
    $entity = substr(basename($filename), 0, strlen(basename($filename)) - 8);
    $params['extends'] = $entity ? $entity : 'Contact';
    $customGroup = $this->CustomGroupCreate($params);
    $customField = $this->customFieldCreate(array('custom_group_id' => $customGroup['id'], 'label' => $function));
    CRM_Core_PseudoConstant::flush();

    return array('custom_group_id' => $customGroup['id'], 'custom_field_id' => $customField['id']);
  }

  /**
   * Delete custom group.
   *
   * @param int $customGroupID
   *
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function customGroupDelete($customGroupID) {
    $params['id'] = $customGroupID;
    return $this->callAPISuccess('custom_group', 'delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Create custom field.
   *
   * @param array $params
   *   (custom_group_id) is required.
   * @return array
   */
  public function customFieldCreate($params) {
    $params = array_merge(array(
      'label' => 'Custom Field',
      'data_type' => 'String',
      'html_type' => 'Text',
      'is_searchable' => 1,
      'is_active' => 1,
      'default_value' => 'defaultValue',
    ), $params);

    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('custom_field', 'create', $params);
    // these 2 functions are called with force to flush static caches
    CRM_Core_BAO_CustomField::getTableColumnGroup($result['id'], 1);
    CRM_Core_Component::getEnabledComponents(1);
    return $result;
  }

  /**
   * Delete custom field.
   *
   * @param int $customFieldID
   *
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function customFieldDelete($customFieldID) {

    $params['id'] = $customFieldID;
    return $this->callAPISuccess('custom_field', 'delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Create note.
   *
   * @param int $cId
   * @return array
   */
  public function noteCreate($cId) {
    $params = array(
      'entity_table' => 'civicrm_contact',
      'entity_id' => $cId,
      'note' => 'hello I am testing Note',
      'contact_id' => $cId,
      'modified_date' => date('Ymd'),
      'subject' => 'Test Note',
    );

    return $this->callAPISuccess('Note', 'create', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Enable CiviCampaign Component.
   */
  public function enableCiviCampaign() {
    CRM_Core_BAO_ConfigSetting::enableComponent('CiviCampaign');
    // force reload of config object
    $config = CRM_Core_Config::singleton(TRUE, TRUE);
    //flush cache by calling with reset
    $activityTypes = CRM_Core_PseudoConstant::activityType(TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, 'name', TRUE);
  }

  /**
   * Create test generated example in api/v3/examples.
   *
   * To turn this off (e.g. on the server) set
   * define(DONT_DOCUMENT_TEST_CONFIG ,1);
   * in your settings file
   *
   * @param string $entity
   * @param string $action
   * @param array $params
   *   Array as passed to civicrm_api function.
   * @param array $result
   *   Array as received from the civicrm_api function.
   * @param string $testFunction
   *   Calling function - generally __FUNCTION__.
   * @param string $testFile
   *   Called from file - generally __FILE__.
   * @param string $description
   *   Descriptive text for the example file.
   * @param string $exampleName
   *   Name for this example file (CamelCase) - if omitted the action name will be substituted.
   */
  private function documentMe($entity, $action, $params, $result, $testFunction, $testFile, $description = "", $exampleName = NULL) {
    if (defined('DONT_DOCUMENT_TEST_CONFIG') && DONT_DOCUMENT_TEST_CONFIG) {
      return;
    }
    $entity = _civicrm_api_get_camel_name($entity);
    $action = strtolower($action);

    if (empty($exampleName)) {
      // Attempt to convert lowercase action name to CamelCase.
      // This is clunky/imperfect due to the convention of all lowercase actions.
      $exampleName = CRM_Utils_String::convertStringToCamel($action);
      $knownPrefixes = array(
        'Get',
        'Set',
        'Create',
        'Update',
        'Send',
      );
      foreach ($knownPrefixes as $prefix) {
        if (strpos($exampleName, $prefix) === 0 && $prefix != $exampleName) {
          $exampleName[strlen($prefix)] = strtoupper($exampleName[strlen($prefix)]);
        }
      }
    }

    $this->tidyExampleResult($result);
    if (isset($params['version'])) {
      unset($params['version']);
    }
    // Format multiline description as array
    $desc = array();
    if (is_string($description) && strlen($description)) {
      foreach (explode("\n", $description) as $line) {
        $desc[] = trim($line);
      }
    }
    $smarty = CRM_Core_Smarty::singleton();
    $smarty->assign('testFunction', $testFunction);
    $smarty->assign('function', _civicrm_api_get_entity_name_from_camel($entity) . "_$action");
    $smarty->assign('params', $params);
    $smarty->assign('entity', $entity);
    $smarty->assign('testFile', basename($testFile));
    $smarty->assign('description', $desc);
    $smarty->assign('result', $result);
    $smarty->assign('action', $action);

    if (file_exists('../tests/templates/documentFunction.tpl')) {
      if (!is_dir("../api/v3/examples/$entity")) {
        mkdir("../api/v3/examples/$entity");
      }
      $f = fopen("../api/v3/examples/$entity/$exampleName.php", "w+b");
      fwrite($f, $smarty->fetch('../tests/templates/documentFunction.tpl'));
      fclose($f);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Tidy up examples array so that fields that change often ..don't
   * and debug related fields are unset
   *
   * @param array $result
   */
  public function tidyExampleResult(&$result) {
    if (!is_array($result)) {
      return;
    }
    $fieldsToChange = array(
      'hash' => '67eac7789eaee00',
      'modified_date' => '2012-11-14 16:02:35',
      'created_date' => '2013-07-28 08:49:19',
      'create_date' => '20120130621222105',
      'application_received_date' => '20130728084957',
      'in_date' => '2013-07-28 08:50:19',
      'scheduled_date' => '20130728085413',
      'approval_date' => '20130728085413',
      'pledge_start_date_high' => '20130726090416',
      'start_date' => '2013-07-29 00:00:00',
      'event_start_date' => '2013-07-29 00:00:00',
      'end_date' => '2013-08-04 00:00:00',
      'event_end_date' => '2013-08-04 00:00:00',
      'decision_date' => '20130805000000',
    );

    $keysToUnset = array('xdebug', 'undefined_fields');
    foreach ($keysToUnset as $unwantedKey) {
      if (isset($result[$unwantedKey])) {
        unset($result[$unwantedKey]);
      }
    }
    if (isset($result['values'])) {
      if (!is_array($result['values'])) {
        return;
      }
      $resultArray = &$result['values'];
    }
    elseif (is_array($result)) {
      $resultArray = &$result;
    }
    else {
      return;
    }

    foreach ($resultArray as $index => &$values) {
      if (!is_array($values)) {
        continue;
      }
      foreach ($values as $key => &$value) {
        if (substr($key, 0, 3) == 'api' && is_array($value)) {
          if (isset($value['is_error'])) {
            // we have a std nested result format
            $this->tidyExampleResult($value);
          }
          else {
            foreach ($value as &$nestedResult) {
              // this is an alternative syntax for nested results a keyed array of results
              $this->tidyExampleResult($nestedResult);
            }
          }
        }
        if (in_array($key, $keysToUnset)) {
          unset($values[$key]);
          break;
        }
        if (array_key_exists($key, $fieldsToChange) && !empty($value)) {
          $value = $fieldsToChange[$key];
        }
        if (is_string($value)) {
          $value = addslashes($value);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Delete note.
   *
   * @param array $params
   *
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function noteDelete($params) {
    return $this->callAPISuccess('Note', 'delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Create custom field with Option Values.
   *
   * @param array $customGroup
   * @param string $name
   *   Name of custom field.
   *
   * @return array|int
   */
  public function customFieldOptionValueCreate($customGroup, $name) {
    $fieldParams = array(
      'custom_group_id' => $customGroup['id'],
      'name' => 'test_custom_group',
      'label' => 'Country',
      'html_type' => 'Select',
      'data_type' => 'String',
      'weight' => 4,
      'is_required' => 1,
      'is_searchable' => 0,
      'is_active' => 1,
    );

    $optionGroup = array(
      'domain_id' => 1,
      'name' => 'option_group1',
      'label' => 'option_group_label1',
    );

    $optionValue = array(
      'option_label' => array('Label1', 'Label2'),
      'option_value' => array('value1', 'value2'),
      'option_name' => array($name . '_1', $name . '_2'),
      'option_weight' => array(1, 2),
      'option_status' => 1,
    );

    $params = array_merge($fieldParams, $optionGroup, $optionValue);

    return $this->callAPISuccess('custom_field', 'create', $params);
  }

  /**
   * @param $entities
   *
   * @return bool
   */
  public function confirmEntitiesDeleted($entities) {
    foreach ($entities as $entity) {

      $result = $this->callAPISuccess($entity, 'Get', array());
      if ($result['error'] == 1 || $result['count'] > 0) {
        // > than $entity[0] to allow a value to be passed in? e.g. domain?
        return TRUE;
      }
    }
    return FALSE;
  }

  /**
   * @param $tablesToTruncate
   * @param bool $dropCustomValueTables
   * @throws \Exception
   */
  public function quickCleanup($tablesToTruncate, $dropCustomValueTables = FALSE) {
    if ($this->tx) {
      throw new Exception("CiviUnitTestCase: quickCleanup() is not compatible with useTransaction()");
    }
    if ($dropCustomValueTables) {
      $tablesToTruncate[] = 'civicrm_custom_group';
      $tablesToTruncate[] = 'civicrm_custom_field';
    }

    $tablesToTruncate = array_unique(array_merge($this->_tablesToTruncate, $tablesToTruncate));

    CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery("SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;");
    foreach ($tablesToTruncate as $table) {
      $sql = "TRUNCATE TABLE $table";
      CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery($sql);
    }
    CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery("SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;");

    if ($dropCustomValueTables) {
      $dbName = self::getDBName();
      $query = "
SELECT TABLE_NAME as tableName
FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE  TABLE_SCHEMA = '{$dbName}'
AND    ( TABLE_NAME LIKE 'civicrm_value_%' )
";

      $tableDAO = CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery($query);
      while ($tableDAO->fetch()) {
        $sql = "DROP TABLE {$tableDAO->tableName}";
        CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery($sql);
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Clean up financial entities after financial tests (so we remember to get all the tables :-))
   */
  public function quickCleanUpFinancialEntities() {
    $tablesToTruncate = array(
      'civicrm_activity',
      'civicrm_activity_contact',
      'civicrm_contribution',
      'civicrm_contribution_soft',
      'civicrm_contribution_product',
      'civicrm_financial_trxn',
      'civicrm_financial_item',
      'civicrm_contribution_recur',
      'civicrm_line_item',
      'civicrm_contribution_page',
      'civicrm_payment_processor',
      'civicrm_entity_financial_trxn',
      'civicrm_membership',
      'civicrm_membership_type',
      'civicrm_membership_payment',
      'civicrm_membership_log',
      'civicrm_membership_block',
      'civicrm_event',
      'civicrm_participant',
      'civicrm_participant_payment',
      'civicrm_pledge',
      'civicrm_price_set_entity',
      'civicrm_price_field_value',
      'civicrm_price_field',
    );
    $this->quickCleanup($tablesToTruncate);
    CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery("DELETE FROM civicrm_membership_status WHERE name NOT IN('New', 'Current', 'Grace', 'Expired', 'Pending', 'Cancelled', 'Deceased')");
    $this->restoreDefaultPriceSetConfig();
    $var = TRUE;
    CRM_Member_BAO_Membership::createRelatedMemberships($var, $var, TRUE);
    Civi\Payment\System::singleton()->flushProcessors();
  }

  public function restoreDefaultPriceSetConfig() {
    CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery('DELETE FROM civicrm_price_set WHERE id > 2');
    CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery("INSERT INTO `civicrm_price_field` (`id`, `price_set_id`, `name`, `label`, `html_type`, `is_enter_qty`, `help_pre`, `help_post`, `weight`, `is_display_amounts`, `options_per_line`, `is_active`, `is_required`, `active_on`, `expire_on`, `javascript`, `visibility_id`) VALUES (1, 1, 'contribution_amount', 'Contribution Amount', 'Text', 0, NULL, NULL, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, NULL, NULL, NULL, 1)");
    CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery("INSERT INTO `civicrm_price_field_value` (`id`, `price_field_id`, `name`, `label`, `description`, `amount`, `count`, `max_value`, `weight`, `membership_type_id`, `membership_num_terms`, `is_default`, `is_active`, `financial_type_id`, `deductible_amount`) VALUES (1, 1, 'contribution_amount', 'Contribution Amount', NULL, '1', NULL, NULL, 1, NULL, NULL, 0, 1, 1, 0.00)");
  }
  /*
   * Function does a 'Get' on the entity & compares the fields in the Params with those returned
   * Default behaviour is to also delete the entity
   * @param array $params
   *   Params array to check against.
   * @param int $id
   *   Id of the entity concerned.
   * @param string $entity
   *   Name of entity concerned (e.g. membership).
   * @param bool $delete
   *   Should the entity be deleted as part of this check.
   * @param string $errorText
   *   Text to print on error.
   */
  /**
   * @param array $params
   * @param int $id
   * @param $entity
   * @param int $delete
   * @param string $errorText
   *
   * @throws Exception
   */
  public function getAndCheck($params, $id, $entity, $delete = 1, $errorText = '') {

    $result = $this->callAPISuccessGetSingle($entity, array(
      'id' => $id,
    ));

    if ($delete) {
      $this->callAPISuccess($entity, 'Delete', array(
        'id' => $id,
      ));
    }
    $dateFields = $keys = $dateTimeFields = array();
    $fields = $this->callAPISuccess($entity, 'getfields', array('version' => 3, 'action' => 'get'));
    foreach ($fields['values'] as $field => $settings) {
      if (array_key_exists($field, $result)) {
        $keys[CRM_Utils_Array::Value('name', $settings, $field)] = $field;
      }
      else {
        $keys[CRM_Utils_Array::Value('name', $settings, $field)] = CRM_Utils_Array::value('name', $settings, $field);
      }
      $type = CRM_Utils_Array::value('type', $settings);
      if ($type == CRM_Utils_Type::T_DATE) {
        $dateFields[] = $settings['name'];
        // we should identify both real names & unique names as dates
        if ($field != $settings['name']) {
          $dateFields[] = $field;
        }
      }
      if ($type == CRM_Utils_Type::T_DATE + CRM_Utils_Type::T_TIME) {
        $dateTimeFields[] = $settings['name'];
        // we should identify both real names & unique names as dates
        if ($field != $settings['name']) {
          $dateTimeFields[] = $field;
        }
      }
    }

    if (strtolower($entity) == 'contribution') {
      $params['receive_date'] = date('Y-m-d', strtotime($params['receive_date']));
      // this is not returned in id format
      unset($params['payment_instrument_id']);
      $params['contribution_source'] = $params['source'];
      unset($params['source']);
    }

    foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
      if ($key == 'version' || substr($key, 0, 3) == 'api' || !array_key_exists($keys[$key], $result)) {
        continue;
      }
      if (in_array($key, $dateFields)) {
        $value = date('Y-m-d', strtotime($value));
        $result[$key] = date('Y-m-d', strtotime($result[$key]));
      }
      if (in_array($key, $dateTimeFields)) {
        $value = date('Y-m-d H:i:s', strtotime($value));
        $result[$keys[$key]] = date('Y-m-d H:i:s', strtotime(CRM_Utils_Array::value($keys[$key], $result, CRM_Utils_Array::value($key, $result))));
      }
      $this->assertEquals($value, $result[$keys[$key]], $key . " GetandCheck function determines that for key {$key} value: $value doesn't match " . print_r($result[$keys[$key]], TRUE) . $errorText);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Get formatted values in  the actual and expected result.
   * @param array $actual
   *   Actual calculated values.
   * @param array $expected
   *   Expected values.
   */
  public function checkArrayEquals(&$actual, &$expected) {
    self::unsetId($actual);
    self::unsetId($expected);
    $this->assertEquals($actual, $expected);
  }

  /**
   * Unset the key 'id' from the array
   * @param array $unformattedArray
   *   The array from which the 'id' has to be unset.
   */
  public static function unsetId(&$unformattedArray) {
    $formattedArray = array();
    if (array_key_exists('id', $unformattedArray)) {
      unset($unformattedArray['id']);
    }
    if (!empty($unformattedArray['values']) && is_array($unformattedArray['values'])) {
      foreach ($unformattedArray['values'] as $key => $value) {
        if (is_array($value)) {
          foreach ($value as $k => $v) {
            if ($k == 'id') {
              unset($value[$k]);
            }
          }
        }
        elseif ($key == 'id') {
          $unformattedArray[$key];
        }
        $formattedArray = array($value);
      }
      $unformattedArray['values'] = $formattedArray;
    }
  }

  /**
   *  Helper to enable/disable custom directory support
   *
   * @param array $customDirs
   *   With members:.
   *   'php_path' Set to TRUE to use the default, FALSE or "" to disable support, or a string path to use another path
   *   'template_path' Set to TRUE to use the default, FALSE or "" to disable support, or a string path to use another path
   */
  public function customDirectories($customDirs) {
    require_once 'CRM/Core/Config.php';
    $config = CRM_Core_Config::singleton();

    if (empty($customDirs['php_path']) || $customDirs['php_path'] === FALSE) {
      unset($config->customPHPPathDir);
    }
    elseif ($customDirs['php_path'] === TRUE) {
      $config->customPHPPathDir = dirname(dirname(__FILE__)) . '/custom_directories/php/';
    }
    else {
      $config->customPHPPathDir = $php_path;
    }

    if (empty($customDirs['template_path']) || $customDirs['template_path'] === FALSE) {
      unset($config->customTemplateDir);
    }
    elseif ($customDirs['template_path'] === TRUE) {
      $config->customTemplateDir = dirname(dirname(__FILE__)) . '/custom_directories/templates/';
    }
    else {
      $config->customTemplateDir = $template_path;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Generate a temporary folder.
   *
   * @param string $prefix
   * @return string
   */
  public function createTempDir($prefix = 'test-') {
    $tempDir = CRM_Utils_File::tempdir($prefix);
    $this->tempDirs[] = $tempDir;
    return $tempDir;
  }

  public function cleanTempDirs() {
    if (!is_array($this->tempDirs)) {
      // fix test errors where this is not set
      return;
    }
    foreach ($this->tempDirs as $tempDir) {
      if (is_dir($tempDir)) {
        CRM_Utils_File::cleanDir($tempDir, TRUE, FALSE);
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Temporarily replace the singleton extension with a different one.
   * @param \CRM_Extension_System $system
   */
  public function setExtensionSystem(CRM_Extension_System $system) {
    if ($this->origExtensionSystem == NULL) {
      $this->origExtensionSystem = CRM_Extension_System::singleton();
    }
    CRM_Extension_System::setSingleton($this->origExtensionSystem);
  }

  public function unsetExtensionSystem() {
    if ($this->origExtensionSystem !== NULL) {
      CRM_Extension_System::setSingleton($this->origExtensionSystem);
      $this->origExtensionSystem = NULL;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Temporarily alter the settings-metadata to add a mock setting.
   *
   * WARNING: The setting metadata will disappear on the next cache-clear.
   *
   * @param $extras
   * @return void
   */
  public function setMockSettingsMetaData($extras) {
    CRM_Core_BAO_Setting::$_cache = array();
    $this->callAPISuccess('system', 'flush', array());
    CRM_Core_BAO_Setting::$_cache = array();

    CRM_Utils_Hook::singleton()
      ->setHook('civicrm_alterSettingsMetaData', function (&$metadata, $domainId, $profile) use ($extras) {
        $metadata = array_merge($metadata, $extras);
      });

    $fields = $this->callAPISuccess('setting', 'getfields', array());
    foreach ($extras as $key => $spec) {
      $this->assertNotEmpty($spec['title']);
      $this->assertEquals($spec['title'], $fields['values'][$key]['title']);
    }
  }

  /**
   * @param string $name
   */
  public function financialAccountDelete($name) {
    $financialAccount = new CRM_Financial_DAO_FinancialAccount();
    $financialAccount->name = $name;
    if ($financialAccount->find(TRUE)) {
      $entityFinancialType = new CRM_Financial_DAO_EntityFinancialAccount();
      $entityFinancialType->financial_account_id = $financialAccount->id;
      $entityFinancialType->delete();
      $financialAccount->delete();
    }
  }

  /**
   * FIXME: something NULLs $GLOBALS['_HTML_QuickForm_registered_rules'] when the tests are ran all together
   * (NB unclear if this is still required)
   */
  public function _sethtmlGlobals() {
    $GLOBALS['_HTML_QuickForm_registered_rules'] = array(
      'required' => array(
        'html_quickform_rule_required',
        'HTML/QuickForm/Rule/Required.php',
      ),
      'maxlength' => array(
        'html_quickform_rule_range',
        'HTML/QuickForm/Rule/Range.php',
      ),
      'minlength' => array(
        'html_quickform_rule_range',
        'HTML/QuickForm/Rule/Range.php',
      ),
      'rangelength' => array(
        'html_quickform_rule_range',
        'HTML/QuickForm/Rule/Range.php',
      ),
      'email' => array(
        'html_quickform_rule_email',
        'HTML/QuickForm/Rule/Email.php',
      ),
      'regex' => array(
        'html_quickform_rule_regex',
        'HTML/QuickForm/Rule/Regex.php',
      ),
      'lettersonly' => array(
        'html_quickform_rule_regex',
        'HTML/QuickForm/Rule/Regex.php',
      ),
      'alphanumeric' => array(
        'html_quickform_rule_regex',
        'HTML/QuickForm/Rule/Regex.php',
      ),
      'numeric' => array(
        'html_quickform_rule_regex',
        'HTML/QuickForm/Rule/Regex.php',
      ),
      'nopunctuation' => array(
        'html_quickform_rule_regex',
        'HTML/QuickForm/Rule/Regex.php',
      ),
      'nonzero' => array(
        'html_quickform_rule_regex',
        'HTML/QuickForm/Rule/Regex.php',
      ),
      'callback' => array(
        'html_quickform_rule_callback',
        'HTML/QuickForm/Rule/Callback.php',
      ),
      'compare' => array(
        'html_quickform_rule_compare',
        'HTML/QuickForm/Rule/Compare.php',
      ),
    );
    // FIXME: …ditto for $GLOBALS['HTML_QUICKFORM_ELEMENT_TYPES']
    $GLOBALS['HTML_QUICKFORM_ELEMENT_TYPES'] = array(
      'group' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/group.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_group',
      ),
      'hidden' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/hidden.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_hidden',
      ),
      'reset' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/reset.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_reset',
      ),
      'checkbox' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/checkbox.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_checkbox',
      ),
      'file' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/file.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_file',
      ),
      'image' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/image.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_image',
      ),
      'password' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/password.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_password',
      ),
      'radio' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/radio.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_radio',
      ),
      'button' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/button.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_button',
      ),
      'submit' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/submit.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_submit',
      ),
      'select' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/select.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_select',
      ),
      'hiddenselect' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/hiddenselect.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_hiddenselect',
      ),
      'text' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/text.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_text',
      ),
      'textarea' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/textarea.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_textarea',
      ),
      'fckeditor' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/fckeditor.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_FCKEditor',
      ),
      'tinymce' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/tinymce.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_TinyMCE',
      ),
      'dojoeditor' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/dojoeditor.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_dojoeditor',
      ),
      'link' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/link.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_link',
      ),
      'advcheckbox' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/advcheckbox.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_advcheckbox',
      ),
      'date' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/date.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_date',
      ),
      'static' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/static.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_static',
      ),
      'header' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/header.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_header',
      ),
      'html' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/html.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_html',
      ),
      'hierselect' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/hierselect.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_hierselect',
      ),
      'autocomplete' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/autocomplete.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_autocomplete',
      ),
      'xbutton' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/xbutton.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_xbutton',
      ),
      'advmultiselect' => array(
        'HTML/QuickForm/advmultiselect.php',
        'HTML_QuickForm_advmultiselect',
      ),
    );
  }

  /**
   * Set up an acl allowing contact to see 2 specified groups
   *  - $this->_permissionedGroup & $this->_permissionedDisabledGroup
   *
   *  You need to have pre-created these groups & created the user e.g
   *  $this->createLoggedInUser();
   *   $this->_permissionedDisabledGroup = $this->groupCreate(array('title' => 'pick-me-disabled', 'is_active' => 0, 'name' => 'pick-me-disabled'));
   *   $this->_permissionedGroup = $this->groupCreate(array('title' => 'pick-me-active', 'is_active' => 1, 'name' => 'pick-me-active'));
   */
  public function setupACL() {
    global $_REQUEST;
    $_REQUEST = $this->_params;

    CRM_Core_Config::singleton()->userPermissionClass->permissions = array('access CiviCRM');
    $optionGroupID = $this->callAPISuccessGetValue('option_group', array('return' => 'id', 'name' => 'acl_role'));
    $optionValue = $this->callAPISuccess('option_value', 'create', array(
      'option_group_id' => $optionGroupID,
      'label' => 'pick me',
      'value' => 55,
    ));

    CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery("
      TRUNCATE civicrm_acl_cache
    ");

    CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery("
      TRUNCATE civicrm_acl_contact_cache
    ");

    CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery("
    INSERT INTO civicrm_acl_entity_role (
    `acl_role_id`, `entity_table`, `entity_id`
    ) VALUES (55, 'civicrm_group', {$this->_permissionedGroup});
    ");

    CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery("
    INSERT INTO civicrm_acl (
    `name`, `entity_table`, `entity_id`, `operation`, `object_table`, `object_id`, `is_active`
    )
    VALUES (
    'view picked', 'civicrm_group', $this->_permissionedGroup , 'Edit', 'civicrm_saved_search', {$this->_permissionedGroup}, 1
    );
    ");

    CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery("
    INSERT INTO civicrm_acl (
    `name`, `entity_table`, `entity_id`, `operation`, `object_table`, `object_id`, `is_active`
    )
    VALUES (
    'view picked', 'civicrm_group',  $this->_permissionedGroup, 'Edit', 'civicrm_saved_search', {$this->_permissionedDisabledGroup}, 1
    );
    ");
    $this->_loggedInUser = CRM_Core_Session::singleton()->get('userID');
    $this->callAPISuccess('group_contact', 'create', array(
      'group_id' => $this->_permissionedGroup,
      'contact_id' => $this->_loggedInUser,
    ));
    //flush cache
    CRM_ACL_BAO_Cache::resetCache();
    CRM_Contact_BAO_Group::getPermissionClause(TRUE);
    CRM_ACL_API::groupPermission('whatever', 9999, NULL, 'civicrm_saved_search', NULL, NULL, TRUE);
  }

  /**
   * Alter default price set so that the field numbers are not all 1 (hiding errors)
   */
  public function offsetDefaultPriceSet() {
    $contributionPriceSet = $this->callAPISuccess('price_set', 'getsingle', array('name' => 'default_contribution_amount'));
    $firstID = $contributionPriceSet['id'];
    $this->callAPISuccess('price_set', 'create', array(
      'id' => $contributionPriceSet['id'],
      'is_active' => 0,
      'name' => 'old',
    ));
    unset($contributionPriceSet['id']);
    $newPriceSet = $this->callAPISuccess('price_set', 'create', $contributionPriceSet);
    $priceField = $this->callAPISuccess('price_field', 'getsingle', array(
      'price_set_id' => $firstID,
      'options' => array('limit' => 1),
    ));
    unset($priceField['id']);
    $priceField['price_set_id'] = $newPriceSet['id'];
    $newPriceField = $this->callAPISuccess('price_field', 'create', $priceField);
    $priceFieldValue = $this->callAPISuccess('price_field_value', 'getsingle', array(
      'price_set_id' => $firstID,
      'sequential' => 1,
      'options' => array('limit' => 1),
    ));

    unset($priceFieldValue['id']);
    //create some padding to use up ids
    $this->callAPISuccess('price_field_value', 'create', $priceFieldValue);
    $this->callAPISuccess('price_field_value', 'create', $priceFieldValue);
    $this->callAPISuccess('price_field_value', 'create', array_merge($priceFieldValue, array('price_field_id' => $newPriceField['id'])));
  }

  /**
   * Create an instance of the paypal processor.
   * @todo this isn't a great place to put it - but really it belongs on a class that extends
   * this parent class & we don't have a structure for that yet
   * There is another function to this effect on the PaypalPro test but it appears to be silently failing
   * & the best protection against that is the functions this class affords
   * @param array $params
   * @return int $result['id'] payment processor id
   */
  public function paymentProcessorCreate($params = array()) {
    $params = array_merge(array(
        'name' => 'demo',
        'domain_id' => CRM_Core_Config::domainID(),
        'payment_processor_type_id' => 'PayPal',
        'is_active' => 1,
        'is_default' => 0,
        'is_test' => 1,
        'user_name' => 'sunil._1183377782_biz_api1.webaccess.co.in',
        'password' => '1183377788',
        'signature' => 'APixCoQ-Zsaj-u3IH7mD5Do-7HUqA9loGnLSzsZga9Zr-aNmaJa3WGPH',
        'url_site' => 'https://www.sandbox.paypal.com/',
        'url_api' => 'https://api-3t.sandbox.paypal.com/',
        'url_button' => 'https://www.paypal.com/en_US/i/btn/btn_xpressCheckout.gif',
        'class_name' => 'Payment_PayPalImpl',
        'billing_mode' => 3,
        'financial_type_id' => 1,
      ),
      $params);
    if (!is_numeric($params['payment_processor_type_id'])) {
      // really the api should handle this through getoptions but it's not exactly api call so lets just sort it
      //here
      $params['payment_processor_type_id'] = $this->callAPISuccess('payment_processor_type', 'getvalue', array(
        'name' => $params['payment_processor_type_id'],
        'return' => 'id',
      ), 'integer');
    }
    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('payment_processor', 'create', $params);
    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * Set up initial recurring payment allowing subsequent IPN payments.
   */
  public function setupRecurringPaymentProcessorTransaction() {
    $contributionRecur = $this->callAPISuccess('contribution_recur', 'create', array(
      'contact_id' => $this->_contactID,
      'amount' => 1000,
      'sequential' => 1,
      'installments' => 5,
      'frequency_unit' => 'Month',
      'frequency_interval' => 1,
      'invoice_id' => $this->_invoiceID,
      'contribution_status_id' => 2,
      'processor_id' => $this->_paymentProcessorID,
      'api.contribution.create' => array(
        'total_amount' => '200',
        'invoice_id' => $this->_invoiceID,
        'financial_type_id' => 1,
        'contribution_status_id' => 'Pending',
        'contact_id' => $this->_contactID,
        'contribution_page_id' => $this->_contributionPageID,
        'payment_processor_id' => $this->_paymentProcessorID,
      ),
    ));
    $this->_contributionRecurID = $contributionRecur['id'];
    $this->_contributionID = $contributionRecur['values']['0']['api.contribution.create']['id'];
  }

  /**
   * We don't have a good way to set up a recurring contribution with a membership so let's just do one then alter it
   */
  public function setupMembershipRecurringPaymentProcessorTransaction() {
    $this->ids['membership_type'] = $this->membershipTypeCreate();
    //create a contribution so our membership & contribution don't both have id = 1
    $this->contributionCreate($this->_contactID, 1, 'abcd', '345j');
    $this->setupRecurringPaymentProcessorTransaction();

    $this->ids['membership'] = $this->callAPISuccess('membership', 'create', array(
      'contact_id' => $this->_contactID,
      'membership_type_id' => $this->ids['membership_type'],
      'contribution_recur_id' => $this->_contributionRecurID,
      'format.only_id' => TRUE,
    ));
    //CRM-15055 creates line items we don't want so get rid of them so we can set up our own line items
    CRM_Core_DAO::executeQuery("TRUNCATE civicrm_line_item");

    $this->callAPISuccess('line_item', 'create', array(
      'entity_table' => 'civicrm_membership',
      'entity_id' => $this->ids['membership'],
      'contribution_id' => $this->_contributionID,
      'label' => 'General',
      'qty' => 1,
      'unit_price' => 200,
      'line_total' => 200,
      'financial_type_id' => 1,
      'price_field_id' => $this->callAPISuccess('price_field', 'getvalue', array(
        'return' => 'id',
        'label' => 'Membership Amount',
      )),
      'price_field_value_id' => $this->callAPISuccess('price_field_value', 'getvalue', array(
        'return' => 'id',
        'label' => 'General',
      )),
    ));
    $this->callAPISuccess('membership_payment', 'create', array(
      'contribution_id' => $this->_contributionID,
      'membership_id' => $this->ids['membership'],
    ));
  }

  /**
   * @param $message
   *
   * @throws Exception
   */
  public function CiviUnitTestCase_fatalErrorHandler($message) {
    throw new Exception("{$message['message']}: {$message['code']}");
  }

  /**
   * Helper function to create new mailing.
   * @return mixed
   */
  public function createMailing() {
    $params = array(
      'subject' => 'maild' . rand(),
      'body_text' => 'bdkfhdskfhduew{domain.address}{action.optOutUrl}',
      'name' => 'mailing name' . rand(),
      'created_id' => 1,
    );

    $result = $this->callAPISuccess('Mailing', 'create', $params);
    return $result['id'];
  }

  /**
   * Helper function to delete mailing.
   * @param $id
   */
  public function deleteMailing($id) {
    $params = array(
      'id' => $id,
    );

    $this->callAPISuccess('Mailing', 'delete', $params);
  }

  /**
   * Wrap the entire test case in a transaction.
   *
   * Only subsequent DB statements will be wrapped in TX -- this cannot
   * retroactively wrap old DB statements. Therefore, it makes sense to
   * call this at the beginning of setUp().
   *
   * Note: Recall that TRUNCATE and ALTER will force-commit transactions, so
   * this option does not work with, e.g., custom-data.
   *
   * WISHLIST: Monitor SQL queries in unit-tests and generate an exception
   * if TRUNCATE or ALTER is called while using a transaction.
   *
   * @param bool $nest
   *   Whether to use nesting or reference-counting.
   */
  public function useTransaction($nest = TRUE) {
    if (!$this->tx) {
      $this->tx = new CRM_Core_Transaction($nest);
      $this->tx->rollback();
    }
  }

  public function clearOutputBuffer() {
    while (ob_get_level() > 0) {
      ob_end_clean();
    }
  }

  /**
   * @param $exists
   * @param array $apiResult
   */
  protected function assertAttachmentExistence($exists, $apiResult) {
    $fileId = $apiResult['id'];
    $this->assertTrue(is_numeric($fileId));
    $this->assertEquals($exists, file_exists($apiResult['values'][$fileId]['path']));
    $this->assertDBQuery($exists ? 1 : 0, 'SELECT count(*) FROM civicrm_file WHERE id = %1', array(
      1 => array($fileId, 'Int'),
    ));
    $this->assertDBQuery($exists ? 1 : 0, 'SELECT count(*) FROM civicrm_entity_file WHERE id = %1', array(
      1 => array($fileId, 'Int'),
    ));
  }

}